PEST MANAGEMENT CATEGORY 3B
vole6-6ans--A6small,6burrowing,6mouse-like6rodent
vector6-6ans--An6organism6that6transmits6pathogens6from6one6plant6to6another.
which6of6the6following6pest6management6methods6uses6selection6for6resistance6to6a6pest
6as6a6means6of6managing6pests?6-6ans--host-6plant6resistance
which6of6the6following6statements6about6cultural6pest6management6is6true?6-6ans--
good6sanitation6practices6are6needed6to6manage6plant6diseases
naturally6occurring6disease6organisms6that6have6been6commercially6formulated6to6contro
l6pest6have6been6referred6to6as6-6ans--microbial6pesticides
56steps6of6ipm6-6ans--pest6detection6and6identification
pest6monitoring
threshold6determination
implementation6OF6PEST6CONTROL6AND6METHODS
RECORD6KEEPING6AND6EVALUATION6OF6RESULTS
why6is6it6important6to6be6able6to6identify6host6plants6of6landscape6diseases?6-6ans--
if6managers6have6identified6the6host6plants6in6a6landscape6they6know6what6diseases6the6
host's6plants6are6susceptible6to6and6can6be6on6the6lookout6for6those6diseases6by6monitor
ing6the6weather6conditions6and6watching6for6the6onset6of6disease
why6is6tracking6accumulated6degree6days6more6accurate6at6predicting6the6emergence6of
6pest6than6the6calendar6method6-6ans--
Calendar6predictions6are6generally6based6on6average6temperatures6for6a6given6date6ove
r6many6years.6Accumulated6degree6days6are6calculated6on6the6basis6of6the6actual6tempe
ratures6occurring6in6a6particular6year.6In6a6hot,6dry6year,6pest6development6may6be6a6we
ek6or6more6ahead6of6the6calendar6predictions.
according6to6the6federal6insecticide6fungicide6and6rodenticide6act6-6ans--
commercial6pesticide6applicators6using6restricted-use6pesticide6must6be6certified
under6the6endangered6species6act6who6is6responsible6for6making6sure6pesticide6a6an6en
dangered6applications6do6not6affect6an6endangered6species6-6ans--
What6pest6management6method6uses6selection6for6resistance6to6a6pest6as6a6means6of6m
anaging6pests?6-6ans--Host-plant6resistance
, T/F6Good6sanitation6practices6are6needed6to6manage6plant6disease.6-6ans--True
Naturally6occurring6disease6organisms6that6have6been6commercially6formulated6to6contr
ol6pests6are6referred6to6as:6-6ans--Microbial6pesticides
List6the656steps6in6IPM6-6ans--
A.6Pest6detection6and6identification.6B.6Pest6monitoring.6C.6Threshold6determination.6D.6I
mplementation6and6selection6of6pest6control6methods.6E.6Record-
keeping6and6evaluation6of6results.
Why6is6it6important6to6be6able6to6identify6host6plants6of6landscape6diseases?6-6ans--
If6managers6have6identified6the6host6plants6in6a6landscape,6they6know6what6diseases6the
6host6plants6are6susceptible6to6and6can6be6on6the6lookout6for6those6diseases6by6monitori
ng6weather6conditions6and6watching6for6the6onset6of6the6diesases.
Why6is6tracking6accumulated6degree6days6more6accurate6at6prediciting6the6emergence6o
f6pests6than6the6calendar6method?6-6ans--
Calendar6predictions6are6generally6based6on6average6temperatures6for6a6given6date6ove
r6many6years.6Accumulated6degree6days6are6calculated6on6the6basis6of6the6actual6tempe
ratures6occurring6in6a6particular6year.6In6a6hot,6dry6year,6pest6development6may6be6a6we
ek6or6more6ahead6of6the6calendar6predictions.
Why6is6studying6plant6phenological6indicators6more6accurate6at6tracking6insect6developm
ent6than6the6calendar?6-6ans--
The6developmental6timetable6for6plants6is6based6on6actual6temperatures,6as6is6the6insect
6development6timetable.6The6timing6of6the6hatching6of6eastern6tent6caterpillars6is6closely6
related6to6budbreak6on6cherry6trees.6Plant6and6insect6development6is6different6each6year
6based6on6the6weather.
Action6thresholds6are6often6expressed6as:6-6ans--The6number6of6pests6per6unit6area.
Why6are6record-keeping6and6evaluation6important6to6the6IPM6process?6-6ans--
It6is6important6to6know6from6year6to6year6what6kinds6of6pest6problems6develop.6It6is6also6i
mportant6to6konw6what6strategies6worked6and6how6well.
According6to6the6Federal6Insecticide,6Fungicide6and6Rodenticide6Act:6-6ans--
Commercial6pesticide6applicators6using6restricted-use6pesticides6must6be6certified.
Under6the6Endangered6Species6Act,6who6is6responsible6for6making6sure6pesticide6applic
ations6do6not6affect6an6endangered6species?6-6ans--
The6applicator.6This6can6be6done6by6carefully6checking6the6label6and6looking6at6the6EPA
-maintained6website.
Outline6the6conditions6under6which6federal6law6permits6the6control6of6migratory6birds6with
out6a6Federal6Depredation6Permit.6-6ans--If6red-
vole6-6ans--A6small,6burrowing,6mouse-like6rodent
vector6-6ans--An6organism6that6transmits6pathogens6from6one6plant6to6another.
which6of6the6following6pest6management6methods6uses6selection6for6resistance6to6a6pest
6as6a6means6of6managing6pests?6-6ans--host-6plant6resistance
which6of6the6following6statements6about6cultural6pest6management6is6true?6-6ans--
good6sanitation6practices6are6needed6to6manage6plant6diseases
naturally6occurring6disease6organisms6that6have6been6commercially6formulated6to6contro
l6pest6have6been6referred6to6as6-6ans--microbial6pesticides
56steps6of6ipm6-6ans--pest6detection6and6identification
pest6monitoring
threshold6determination
implementation6OF6PEST6CONTROL6AND6METHODS
RECORD6KEEPING6AND6EVALUATION6OF6RESULTS
why6is6it6important6to6be6able6to6identify6host6plants6of6landscape6diseases?6-6ans--
if6managers6have6identified6the6host6plants6in6a6landscape6they6know6what6diseases6the6
host's6plants6are6susceptible6to6and6can6be6on6the6lookout6for6those6diseases6by6monitor
ing6the6weather6conditions6and6watching6for6the6onset6of6disease
why6is6tracking6accumulated6degree6days6more6accurate6at6predicting6the6emergence6of
6pest6than6the6calendar6method6-6ans--
Calendar6predictions6are6generally6based6on6average6temperatures6for6a6given6date6ove
r6many6years.6Accumulated6degree6days6are6calculated6on6the6basis6of6the6actual6tempe
ratures6occurring6in6a6particular6year.6In6a6hot,6dry6year,6pest6development6may6be6a6we
ek6or6more6ahead6of6the6calendar6predictions.
according6to6the6federal6insecticide6fungicide6and6rodenticide6act6-6ans--
commercial6pesticide6applicators6using6restricted-use6pesticide6must6be6certified
under6the6endangered6species6act6who6is6responsible6for6making6sure6pesticide6a6an6en
dangered6applications6do6not6affect6an6endangered6species6-6ans--
What6pest6management6method6uses6selection6for6resistance6to6a6pest6as6a6means6of6m
anaging6pests?6-6ans--Host-plant6resistance
, T/F6Good6sanitation6practices6are6needed6to6manage6plant6disease.6-6ans--True
Naturally6occurring6disease6organisms6that6have6been6commercially6formulated6to6contr
ol6pests6are6referred6to6as:6-6ans--Microbial6pesticides
List6the656steps6in6IPM6-6ans--
A.6Pest6detection6and6identification.6B.6Pest6monitoring.6C.6Threshold6determination.6D.6I
mplementation6and6selection6of6pest6control6methods.6E.6Record-
keeping6and6evaluation6of6results.
Why6is6it6important6to6be6able6to6identify6host6plants6of6landscape6diseases?6-6ans--
If6managers6have6identified6the6host6plants6in6a6landscape,6they6know6what6diseases6the
6host6plants6are6susceptible6to6and6can6be6on6the6lookout6for6those6diseases6by6monitori
ng6weather6conditions6and6watching6for6the6onset6of6the6diesases.
Why6is6tracking6accumulated6degree6days6more6accurate6at6prediciting6the6emergence6o
f6pests6than6the6calendar6method?6-6ans--
Calendar6predictions6are6generally6based6on6average6temperatures6for6a6given6date6ove
r6many6years.6Accumulated6degree6days6are6calculated6on6the6basis6of6the6actual6tempe
ratures6occurring6in6a6particular6year.6In6a6hot,6dry6year,6pest6development6may6be6a6we
ek6or6more6ahead6of6the6calendar6predictions.
Why6is6studying6plant6phenological6indicators6more6accurate6at6tracking6insect6developm
ent6than6the6calendar?6-6ans--
The6developmental6timetable6for6plants6is6based6on6actual6temperatures,6as6is6the6insect
6development6timetable.6The6timing6of6the6hatching6of6eastern6tent6caterpillars6is6closely6
related6to6budbreak6on6cherry6trees.6Plant6and6insect6development6is6different6each6year
6based6on6the6weather.
Action6thresholds6are6often6expressed6as:6-6ans--The6number6of6pests6per6unit6area.
Why6are6record-keeping6and6evaluation6important6to6the6IPM6process?6-6ans--
It6is6important6to6know6from6year6to6year6what6kinds6of6pest6problems6develop.6It6is6also6i
mportant6to6konw6what6strategies6worked6and6how6well.
According6to6the6Federal6Insecticide,6Fungicide6and6Rodenticide6Act:6-6ans--
Commercial6pesticide6applicators6using6restricted-use6pesticides6must6be6certified.
Under6the6Endangered6Species6Act,6who6is6responsible6for6making6sure6pesticide6applic
ations6do6not6affect6an6endangered6species?6-6ans--
The6applicator.6This6can6be6done6by6carefully6checking6the6label6and6looking6at6the6EPA
-maintained6website.
Outline6the6conditions6under6which6federal6law6permits6the6control6of6migratory6birds6with
out6a6Federal6Depredation6Permit.6-6ans--If6red-
