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Abdomen assessment
inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation
Abdomen pregnancy
nausea/vomiting from hormonal changes; pyrosis (heartburn); GI motility decreases
(constipation, hemorrhoids); bowel sounds diminished; striae and lines nigra on skin
Abdomen aging adult
delayed esophageal emptying; decreased gastric acid secretion; gallstone incidences
increase; liver size decreases by 25%; constipation
Lactase
digestive enzyme that absorbs lactose
Abdomen inspection
contour, symmetry, umbilicus, skin, pulsation, movement, hair distribution, demeanor
Abdomen auscultation
diaphragm (high pitch), start at ileocecal valve in RLQ, listen for 5 minutes, listen for
bruit over aorta/renal/iliac arteries
Borborygmus
hyper peristalsis
Tinosis
pressurized water sound
Aneurysm
wishy washy sound
Abdomen percussion
where air and stool are; tympany; assess density, locate organs