PBL Terms - Exam Study With Practical Test Questions And Answers Guaranteed Pass.

First Canadian Nursing School - correct answer Mack School of Nursing (St. Catharines Training School, opened in 1874 at the St. Catharines General and Marine Hospital) Concept Map - correct answer organize info, contains links, cluster data - Visually demonstrates relationships between data - A teaching and learning strategy recently added to the nursing discipline - Guides critical thinking to allow logical flow of thought and planning. The foundation of concept mapping and its use in identification of key problems or concepts are supported in the literature from various disciplines. Feedback - correct answer response to our actions, evaluation or appraisal - The difference between what a student has learned—i.e., the academic progress he or she has made—and what the student was expected to learn at a certain point in his or her education, such as a particular age or grade level. Inquiry - correct answer seeking info, inquiry-based learning includes questioning and stimulates learners' curiosity to explore and gain knowledge (applying knowledge is not emphasized) Identifying Learning Gaps - correct answer identifying the difference between what a student learned and what they were expected to learn at a particular age/grade. Learning Goal - correct answer students identify their learning needs to understand the problem and apply info to the problem and learn from their group • Goal of learning is NOT to solve the presented problem Learning Questions - correct answer questions that cannot be answered with current knowledge Lifelong Learning - correct answer - learning throughout life - diverse, flexible, promotes learning at diff places and beyond traditional schooling • enhances social inclusion, active citizenship, and personal development, self-sustainability, and competitiveness and employability. Narrative (medicine) - correct answer wholesome medical approach that recognizes the values of patients' narratives in clinical practices, research and education as a way to promote healing Person-Based Learning (Problem-Based Approach) - correct answer - learner is presented with a person's narrative or a story as a starting point for the identification of learning needs, where appropriate, is the preferred method of facilitating knowledge acquisition. Person Based Learning (PBL) - correct answer tutor and student roles - Begins with a person's story narrative or subjective experience called a care scenario - Discussion and learning center around the person's experience and health care - Student centered approach to learning - Small groups of 6-12 members to allow collaboration and students learn from each other and learn communication techniques - Critical thinking and reflection to evaluate on learning strategies and resources Problem Based Learning (PBL) - correct answer - Places students in small groups to solve clinical problems and to collaboratively and independently learn how to care for patients - the learning that results from the process of working towards the understanding of, or resolution of, a problem - presents a health care issue (SDL) Self-Directed Learning - correct answer process in which individuals take the initiative, with or without the help of others, in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating learning goals, identifying human and material resources for learning, choosing and implementing appropriate learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes (Knowles, 1975) - Students identify and use learning resources and evaluate learning outcomes - Students are given choice within curriculum boundaries Challenges in becoming a self-directed learner - One may feel mistrust, suspicious, anxiety, confusion, and frustrated at first, when forced to make decisions and how they will take on learning // tutors must adopt a strong facilitative role. But then, students eventually trust their own abilities - Will feel feelings of uncertainty and feelings of confidence Small Group Learning - correct answer may or may not be case-based // collective resources of groups enhances individual's learning - Thus, high level group functioning is key to success - Tutor plays crucial role helping the group set norms, ensure dynamics Student Centeredness - correct answer refers to a wide variety of educational programs, learning experiences, instructional approaches, and academic-support strategies that are intended to address the distinct learning needs, interests, aspirations, or cultural backgrounds of individual students and groups of students. Tutor - correct answer - facilitates and supports the learning process - key attributes: enthusiasm, patience, involvement, coaching - balance of content and group process skills - trust the process - know how and when to intervene - flexible and adaptable - be a role model Steps of the PBL process - correct answer - The problem is presented to the group, terms are reviewed, and hypotheses generated. - Learning issues and information sources are identified by group members. - Information gathering and independent study occurs. - The knowledge acquired during independent study is discussed and debated critically. - Knowledge is applied to the problem in a practical way and the initial hypotheses are confirmed or - Reflection on the content and process of learning occurs. Narrative Medicine - correct answer enables the physician to practice medicine with empathy, reflection, professionalism, and trustworthiness; putting literature with medicine Group Norms - correct answer Influence group's success, express group values, helps group function smoothly and survive Norms - correct answer set of expectations held by group members regarding what behaviour is acceptable or unacceptable, good or bad, right or wrong - Failure to conform includes exclusion or ridicule Role - correct answer when a group member exhibits a unique set of skills that serve a specific function in the group - Ex. the group relies on one member to generate enthusiasm Group Task Roles - correct answer affect a group's ability to achieve its common goal by focusing on behaviours that get the job done Group Maintenance Roles - correct answer affect how group members get along with one another while pursuing a shared goal (concerned with building relationships) Self-Centered Roles - correct answer place individual needs ahead of group's goals Negotiation - correct answer process of bargaining to settle difference / reach solutions Followership - correct answer role by certain individuals in a group to actively follow a leader Leadership - correct answer ability to make strategic decisions and communication to allow a group to achieve a common goal Conformity - correct answer occurs when members adopt attitudes and actions that is "majority rules" or adheres to group's norms - Conformity increases when: you're lower status, obligated, there's a punishment, you like your members Nonconformity - correct answer occurs when a member behaves opposite to group expectations - Can improve group performance when members have legitimate concerns and alternative Constructive Nonconformity - correct answer occurs when a member resists a norm while still working to promote a group goal - Occasionally needed and valuable - "I know we always *insert norm* but we may be losing insight of an experienced member and skilled note taker if we continue this practice" Destructive Nonconformity - correct answer occurs when a member resists a norm w/o considering the group's best interest Dealing With Nonconformity - correct answer - Accept It: not the same as approval, some disruptive behaviour is acceptable (if someone's always late for meetings, but contributes more to the group than any other) - Confront It: by generally discussing it, by addressing it during discussion or just simply conversing with the non-conforming member - Exclude It: last resort (avoid eye contact, ignore non-conforming member, ask them to leave) Advantages for Working in Groups - correct answer - When a task is complex, groups have more potential than one