NUR 160 Exam 2, HONDROS/ 98 Q&A/ Already
Graded A+
Hypokalemia causes - Answer: diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives,
ketoacidosis, alcohol abuse
Hypokalemia signs and symptoms - Answer: muscle cramps, abdominal
distention, constipation, arrhythmia
Renal Pt Diet - Answer: low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, bananas, leafy green
veggies, apples, avocados
Sodium (Na+) - Answer: 135-145
Page 1 of 12
, Hypernatremia Causes - Answer: too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids,
increased dairy consumption
Hypernatremia signs and symptoms - Answer: decreased urinary output, firm
rubbery tissue turgor, restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin
Hyponatremia Causes - Answer: Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting,
low sodium intake, burns, edema/ascites, small bowel obstruction
Hyponatremia signs and symptoms - Answer: muscle weakness, fatigue,
Headache, restlessness, irritability, hypotension, Nausea, vomiting
Hypokalemia and lasix - Answer: If pt is Hypokalemic, report to RN before giving
Lasix
Hypervolemia Causes - Answer: CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt
intake, COPD
Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms - Answer: Headache, Confusion, Nausea,
Vomiting, Coma
Hypovolemia Causes - Answer: Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no
water access, significant injury to skin
Page 2 of 12
Graded A+
Hypokalemia causes - Answer: diuretics. Diarrhea, excessive sweating, laxatives,
ketoacidosis, alcohol abuse
Hypokalemia signs and symptoms - Answer: muscle cramps, abdominal
distention, constipation, arrhythmia
Renal Pt Diet - Answer: low potassium-no potatoes, oranges, bananas, leafy green
veggies, apples, avocados
Sodium (Na+) - Answer: 135-145
Page 1 of 12
, Hypernatremia Causes - Answer: too much salt, rapid infusion of saline, antacids,
increased dairy consumption
Hypernatremia signs and symptoms - Answer: decreased urinary output, firm
rubbery tissue turgor, restlessness, agitation, confusion, flushed skin
Hyponatremia Causes - Answer: Diarrhea, gastric suctioning, sweating, Vomiting,
low sodium intake, burns, edema/ascites, small bowel obstruction
Hyponatremia signs and symptoms - Answer: muscle weakness, fatigue,
Headache, restlessness, irritability, hypotension, Nausea, vomiting
Hypokalemia and lasix - Answer: If pt is Hypokalemic, report to RN before giving
Lasix
Hypervolemia Causes - Answer: CKD, liver disease, cirrhosis, CHF, increased salt
intake, COPD
Hypervolemia Signs and symptoms - Answer: Headache, Confusion, Nausea,
Vomiting, Coma
Hypovolemia Causes - Answer: Vomiting, DM, fever, heat exposure, exercise, no
water access, significant injury to skin
Page 2 of 12
