Microbiology Virology Basics Practise Questions
Where do all viruses live? ** Answ** Inside the cell (Intracellular pathogens)
Viruses can survive _____ but replicate ____ ____ cells ** Answ** Outside; ONLY inside
Outside the human cell, viruses are referred to as ** Answ** Virions
Different structure types of viruses ** Answ** -Capsid
-Lipid bilayer
The protein outer shell of a virus is called a ** Answ** Capsid
A capsid consists of ** Answ** Proteins encoded by the viral genome
viral genomic material may be ** Answ** DNA or RNA but not both
Some viruses contain ___ exterior to the capsid ** Answ** Lipids and carbohydrates (lipid
bilayer)
Viral lipids and carbohydrates are derived from ** Answ** Host cells
Enzymes/workers that viruses use could either be ** Answ** Host or viral
ALL VIRUSES use the ______ and ________ of the _________. BUT they _______ certain
_____ needed for viral _______ ___________. ** Answ** ATP, Protein synthesis
machinery, host;
encode, proteins, genome replication
Two things viruses ALWAYS use from the host ** Answ** Energy (ATP) and Translation
(protein synthesis)
Why do viruses have to replicate their genome? ** Answ** For each baby virus to have a
copy
The viral genome replication process is often done by ** Answ** Their own encoded
proteins (from the virus) with the help of vital proteins and enzymes (from the host)
Types of viruses ** Answ** naked and enveloped
A naked virus has a(n) ** Answ** capsid made of proteins with Viral attachment proteins
sticking out
Virus attachment protein function ** Answ** Virus uses it to attach to our cells
, Naked protein genome ** Answ** DNA or RNA
A enveloped virus has a(n) ** Answ** Lipid bilayer with viral attachment proteins
Enveloped protein genome ** Answ** DNA or RNA
First step of viral life cycle ** Answ** they attach to and enter host cell
After a virus enters the host cell, what comes next? ** Answ** They will uncoat themselves
and release their genome
In the host cell viruses will go through ** Answ** Transcription (make mRNA) and
translation (make proteins)
After translation, viruses will ** Answ** Use proteins that have been translated in the cell to
replicate their genomes
After viruses replicate their genomes, they will ** Answ** Assemble to leave the cell
Do viruses divide by mitosis? ** Answ** No
Instead of dividing via mitosis, proteins will ** Answ** 1. Release contents into cell
2. Then their genome is replicated into more genomes
3. Genomes will be used for translation to make proteins for the virus
4. Then everything assembles
5. Virus leaves the cell
What do viruses have to do to infect host cells? ** Answ** They have to attach to them first
For a virus to attach to a cell, it has to have a(n) ** Answ** Interaction between the viral
capsid(naked)/envelope(envelopes) viral attachment protein WITH a host cell receptor
Adsorption (Viral attachment) is _____ not _______ ** Answ** Specific, random
Viruses have specific _____ and cells have specific ______. ** Answ** VAPs, receptors for
VAPs
Symmetry of capsid ** Answ** icosahedral
Surface of make viruses ** Answ** Protein
Naked virus are ____ in the environment ** Answ** Very stable
Naked viruses are not destroyed by which environmental factors ** Answ** Temperature,
Acid, Most to alcohol, detergents, drying
Where do all viruses live? ** Answ** Inside the cell (Intracellular pathogens)
Viruses can survive _____ but replicate ____ ____ cells ** Answ** Outside; ONLY inside
Outside the human cell, viruses are referred to as ** Answ** Virions
Different structure types of viruses ** Answ** -Capsid
-Lipid bilayer
The protein outer shell of a virus is called a ** Answ** Capsid
A capsid consists of ** Answ** Proteins encoded by the viral genome
viral genomic material may be ** Answ** DNA or RNA but not both
Some viruses contain ___ exterior to the capsid ** Answ** Lipids and carbohydrates (lipid
bilayer)
Viral lipids and carbohydrates are derived from ** Answ** Host cells
Enzymes/workers that viruses use could either be ** Answ** Host or viral
ALL VIRUSES use the ______ and ________ of the _________. BUT they _______ certain
_____ needed for viral _______ ___________. ** Answ** ATP, Protein synthesis
machinery, host;
encode, proteins, genome replication
Two things viruses ALWAYS use from the host ** Answ** Energy (ATP) and Translation
(protein synthesis)
Why do viruses have to replicate their genome? ** Answ** For each baby virus to have a
copy
The viral genome replication process is often done by ** Answ** Their own encoded
proteins (from the virus) with the help of vital proteins and enzymes (from the host)
Types of viruses ** Answ** naked and enveloped
A naked virus has a(n) ** Answ** capsid made of proteins with Viral attachment proteins
sticking out
Virus attachment protein function ** Answ** Virus uses it to attach to our cells
, Naked protein genome ** Answ** DNA or RNA
A enveloped virus has a(n) ** Answ** Lipid bilayer with viral attachment proteins
Enveloped protein genome ** Answ** DNA or RNA
First step of viral life cycle ** Answ** they attach to and enter host cell
After a virus enters the host cell, what comes next? ** Answ** They will uncoat themselves
and release their genome
In the host cell viruses will go through ** Answ** Transcription (make mRNA) and
translation (make proteins)
After translation, viruses will ** Answ** Use proteins that have been translated in the cell to
replicate their genomes
After viruses replicate their genomes, they will ** Answ** Assemble to leave the cell
Do viruses divide by mitosis? ** Answ** No
Instead of dividing via mitosis, proteins will ** Answ** 1. Release contents into cell
2. Then their genome is replicated into more genomes
3. Genomes will be used for translation to make proteins for the virus
4. Then everything assembles
5. Virus leaves the cell
What do viruses have to do to infect host cells? ** Answ** They have to attach to them first
For a virus to attach to a cell, it has to have a(n) ** Answ** Interaction between the viral
capsid(naked)/envelope(envelopes) viral attachment protein WITH a host cell receptor
Adsorption (Viral attachment) is _____ not _______ ** Answ** Specific, random
Viruses have specific _____ and cells have specific ______. ** Answ** VAPs, receptors for
VAPs
Symmetry of capsid ** Answ** icosahedral
Surface of make viruses ** Answ** Protein
Naked virus are ____ in the environment ** Answ** Very stable
Naked viruses are not destroyed by which environmental factors ** Answ** Temperature,
Acid, Most to alcohol, detergents, drying
