EXST 2201 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Why is it important to look at the shape of a column of data before interpreting
any statistics?
To see if the data is unimodal, symmetrical, and without any exceptions.
Why look at a chart to get shape information instead of looking at the data values
themselves?
A chart is needed to summarize the shape characteristic so that we can see it.
Match the two meanings below with their appropriate column titles in a frequency
table.
Count of the data values in a category : Frequency.
Proportion of the data values in a category : Relative frequency.
In the frequency table below, what is the relative frequency for the category Mar?
(answer to three decimal places, ex. 1.089)
0.156
Which of the following answers is NOT one of the first three columns in a
frequency table?
Cumulative Frequency.
In the frequency table below, what is the frequency for the category May? (answer
to zero decimal places, ex. 1.)
,40
In the frequency table below, what is the cumulative frequency and the
cumulative relative frequency for the category Jun?
160.0 and 1.0
What type of graph is most appropriate to use to display the shape of qualitative
data?
A bar chart where the bars do not touch each other.
A Pareto chart just a bar chart with the bars rearranged from the highest bar to
the lowest bar.
True
What type of graph is most appropriate to use to display the shape of discrete
data?
A histogram where the bars do touch each another.
In a histogram for discrete data, what characteristic is shown on the x-axis, and
what characteristic is shown on the y-axis?
The data values in the data set on the x-axis, and the frequency of the data values on
the y-axis.
In a histogram for continuous data, what characteristic is shown on the x-axis,
and what characteristic is shown on the y-axis?
Bins of the data values on the x-axis, and the frequency of the data values in the bins
on the y-axis.
When making a histogram for continuous data, a bin is just a range of possible
data values.
,True
A boxplot is used to display the shape of qualitative data.
False
A boxplot shows location and spread information as does a histogram.
True
In a boxplot of continuous data, what percent of the data values lie inside the box,
and what percent of the data values lie outside the box?
50%, and 50%.
In the boxplot below, what is the value of the median?
27.5
In any boxplot (an example is shown below), the width of the box shows what
characteristic of the data values?
The spread of the data values.
What is the general approach to analyzing the information in a histogram?
First look at the overall shape, then look for exceptions.
Which of the following answers is NOT one of our overall shapes?
A modeless shape.
A skewed left shape means that the peak of the histogram is on the left side of
the histogram. A skewed right shape means that the peak of the histogram is on
the right side of the histogram.
False
Skewness in a histogram is a property of what in the histogram?
The tails.
, Which of the following answers is NOT an exception when analyzing a
histogram?
Any bimodal shapes.
How is a gap distinguished from an extreme value?
A gap is fits as part of the overall shape. An extreme value is outside the overall shape.
The efficient measure of spread for a column of data is the?
Standard deviation.
Does the sum of squares (SS) usually get bigger as more data values are added
to the data set?
Yes, because there are more numbers in the data set to sum.
What is the appropriate denotation for variance?
σ2 for population, s2 for sample
A data value less than the mean has a?
Negative deviation.
To calculate variance, statistics does not average the deviations, instead it
averages the?
Squared deviations.
Match the appropriate statistic for a distribution of efficient statistics.
Shape. : Histogram.
Location. : Mean.
Spread. : Standard deviation.
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Why is it important to look at the shape of a column of data before interpreting
any statistics?
To see if the data is unimodal, symmetrical, and without any exceptions.
Why look at a chart to get shape information instead of looking at the data values
themselves?
A chart is needed to summarize the shape characteristic so that we can see it.
Match the two meanings below with their appropriate column titles in a frequency
table.
Count of the data values in a category : Frequency.
Proportion of the data values in a category : Relative frequency.
In the frequency table below, what is the relative frequency for the category Mar?
(answer to three decimal places, ex. 1.089)
0.156
Which of the following answers is NOT one of the first three columns in a
frequency table?
Cumulative Frequency.
In the frequency table below, what is the frequency for the category May? (answer
to zero decimal places, ex. 1.)
,40
In the frequency table below, what is the cumulative frequency and the
cumulative relative frequency for the category Jun?
160.0 and 1.0
What type of graph is most appropriate to use to display the shape of qualitative
data?
A bar chart where the bars do not touch each other.
A Pareto chart just a bar chart with the bars rearranged from the highest bar to
the lowest bar.
True
What type of graph is most appropriate to use to display the shape of discrete
data?
A histogram where the bars do touch each another.
In a histogram for discrete data, what characteristic is shown on the x-axis, and
what characteristic is shown on the y-axis?
The data values in the data set on the x-axis, and the frequency of the data values on
the y-axis.
In a histogram for continuous data, what characteristic is shown on the x-axis,
and what characteristic is shown on the y-axis?
Bins of the data values on the x-axis, and the frequency of the data values in the bins
on the y-axis.
When making a histogram for continuous data, a bin is just a range of possible
data values.
,True
A boxplot is used to display the shape of qualitative data.
False
A boxplot shows location and spread information as does a histogram.
True
In a boxplot of continuous data, what percent of the data values lie inside the box,
and what percent of the data values lie outside the box?
50%, and 50%.
In the boxplot below, what is the value of the median?
27.5
In any boxplot (an example is shown below), the width of the box shows what
characteristic of the data values?
The spread of the data values.
What is the general approach to analyzing the information in a histogram?
First look at the overall shape, then look for exceptions.
Which of the following answers is NOT one of our overall shapes?
A modeless shape.
A skewed left shape means that the peak of the histogram is on the left side of
the histogram. A skewed right shape means that the peak of the histogram is on
the right side of the histogram.
False
Skewness in a histogram is a property of what in the histogram?
The tails.
, Which of the following answers is NOT an exception when analyzing a
histogram?
Any bimodal shapes.
How is a gap distinguished from an extreme value?
A gap is fits as part of the overall shape. An extreme value is outside the overall shape.
The efficient measure of spread for a column of data is the?
Standard deviation.
Does the sum of squares (SS) usually get bigger as more data values are added
to the data set?
Yes, because there are more numbers in the data set to sum.
What is the appropriate denotation for variance?
σ2 for population, s2 for sample
A data value less than the mean has a?
Negative deviation.
To calculate variance, statistics does not average the deviations, instead it
averages the?
Squared deviations.
Match the appropriate statistic for a distribution of efficient statistics.
Shape. : Histogram.
Location. : Mean.
Spread. : Standard deviation.
