NUR 211 Module 2 Stroke test
questions and answers 2024
impact of stroke
5th leading cause of death
leading cause of long-term disability
What is a stroke (CVA)?
blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a blocked (ischemic) or
burst blood vessel (hemorrhagic)
impairs function such as movement, sensation, and emotions
severity depends on location and extent od brain affected
time is
brain
stroke is
a medical emergency
Non-modifiable risk factors
age (over 65)
gender (more common in men)
ethnicity (african-american or hispanic/latino)
hx of prior stroke
heredity/genetics
modifiable risk factors
hypertension
diabetes (5x greater risk)
heart diseases
cigarette smoking
high rbc count
high blood cholesterol and lipids
lack of exercise
obesity (specifically abdominal girth)
excessive alcohol use
drug abuse
sleep apnea
, poor diet
BCP in combo w/ smoking
hypertension
single most important modifiable risk factor tx of htn decreases risk
factors up to 50%
heart diseases
atrial fibrillation is the most important treatable cardiac risk (20% of
all strokes)
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) or mini-stroke
Transient episode- symptoms usually less than 1 hour. very short
term deficits
neurological deficit- carotid system (loss of vision in one eye,
hemiparesis, inability to speak) vertebrobasilar (tinnitus, vertigo,
blurred vision, diplopia)
Ischemia w/o infarction
1/3 never have another TIA
1/3 have another TIA
1/3 progress to stroke (thrombotic usually w/o tx)
IF pt has a TIA...
they need to be placed on an anticoagulant.
INR needs to be 2-3 if on warfarin
Two types of stroke
Ischemic stroke
Hemorrhagic stroke
ischemic stroke
inadequate blood flow to the part of the brain that results in the
death of brain cells.
thrombotic- blood clot that doesn't move. cx hyperlipidemia and
atherosclerosis.
embolic- embolism that moves.
Most common cause is d/t atrial fibrillation
hemorrhagic strokes
caused by burst or leaking blood vessels in the brain. most common
cause is hypertension. second cause is from super thin blood d/t
overtaking anticoagulants
questions and answers 2024
impact of stroke
5th leading cause of death
leading cause of long-term disability
What is a stroke (CVA)?
blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a blocked (ischemic) or
burst blood vessel (hemorrhagic)
impairs function such as movement, sensation, and emotions
severity depends on location and extent od brain affected
time is
brain
stroke is
a medical emergency
Non-modifiable risk factors
age (over 65)
gender (more common in men)
ethnicity (african-american or hispanic/latino)
hx of prior stroke
heredity/genetics
modifiable risk factors
hypertension
diabetes (5x greater risk)
heart diseases
cigarette smoking
high rbc count
high blood cholesterol and lipids
lack of exercise
obesity (specifically abdominal girth)
excessive alcohol use
drug abuse
sleep apnea
, poor diet
BCP in combo w/ smoking
hypertension
single most important modifiable risk factor tx of htn decreases risk
factors up to 50%
heart diseases
atrial fibrillation is the most important treatable cardiac risk (20% of
all strokes)
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) or mini-stroke
Transient episode- symptoms usually less than 1 hour. very short
term deficits
neurological deficit- carotid system (loss of vision in one eye,
hemiparesis, inability to speak) vertebrobasilar (tinnitus, vertigo,
blurred vision, diplopia)
Ischemia w/o infarction
1/3 never have another TIA
1/3 have another TIA
1/3 progress to stroke (thrombotic usually w/o tx)
IF pt has a TIA...
they need to be placed on an anticoagulant.
INR needs to be 2-3 if on warfarin
Two types of stroke
Ischemic stroke
Hemorrhagic stroke
ischemic stroke
inadequate blood flow to the part of the brain that results in the
death of brain cells.
thrombotic- blood clot that doesn't move. cx hyperlipidemia and
atherosclerosis.
embolic- embolism that moves.
Most common cause is d/t atrial fibrillation
hemorrhagic strokes
caused by burst or leaking blood vessels in the brain. most common
cause is hypertension. second cause is from super thin blood d/t
overtaking anticoagulants
