Nur 211: exam 2 info and
practice ATI questions and
answers 2024
iron deficiency anemia
anemia caused by inadequate iron intake
-most common and preventable
Risks:
-premature infants
-b/w 12-36 months d/t ingestion of large amt of cows milk
-in adolescents d/t rapid growth and poor eating
S&S:
Tachycardia
Pallor
Brittle spoon shaped fingernails
Fatigue
Muscle weakness
Iron deficiency anemia treatment
-infants: iron fortified formula, supplements and limit cow's milk
(23oz/day), iron fortified cereal
-children: encourage iron rich foods (red meat, beans and lentils,
peanut butter and green leafy veggies) and vit C to help with
absorption (orange juice)
-dietary iron is preferable over supplements
*could cause developmental delay
*educate the family
*iron supplement given 1 hour before or 2 hours after milk or
antacid to prevent decreased absorption
how to give iron supplements
- 1 hour before or 2 hours after milk, tea, antacid to prevent
decreased absorption
-can cause GI upset, but will decrease overtime (Nausea)
-empty stomach with vit c or range juice
,-can stain teeth so use straw or dropper and brush teeth after
-if injected, use z track method because it can be painful
*educate on green or black tarry stools
*brush teeth after to prevent staining
RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
highly contagious viral respiratory infection, major cause of
respiratory illness in young children
-neonate is at risk
-can kill your infant
*<3 months = maternal antibodies present
*3-6 months infections rates increase
* common in winter and spring
RSV clinical manifestations
Fever
Anorexia
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abd pain
Cough, sore throat or nasal blockage (pillows can elevate the head
and help)
Wheezing or stridor
TX:
Ease respiratory effort
Manage fever: Tylenol or ibuprofen >6 months
Rest and comfort
Hydrate: Maybe IV
Control infection: hand washing, thro away dirty tissues
Cool mist w/ humidifier
*typically no antitussives and not aspirin for children
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis
Bacterial (streptococcus) so can treat w/ antibiotics
S&S:
Sore throat
, Red and inflamed tonsils
Difficulty swallowing
Mouth odor / breathing
Fever
Risk factors:
Young children (immature immune system)
Hx of otitis media and hearing difficulties
Exposure to viral or bacterial agent
Tx:
Meds:
antipyretics and analgesics—> acetaminophen
Antibiotics for group A beta
**tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy usually around 2-3 years old if
reocurring
Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress infants and children
Retractions
Nasal flaming
Head bobbing
tonsilectomy
surgical removal of the tonsils
Pre op:
Maintain NPO status
Post op:
-manage pain round the clock
-cold, soft food: nothing red or brown, nothing acidic or milk based
foods
-watch for bleeding: excessive swallowing, clearing throat and
restless ness
-limit activity : increases risk for bleeding
-elevate HOB while awake
-assess airway
-ice collar or ice chips
practice ATI questions and
answers 2024
iron deficiency anemia
anemia caused by inadequate iron intake
-most common and preventable
Risks:
-premature infants
-b/w 12-36 months d/t ingestion of large amt of cows milk
-in adolescents d/t rapid growth and poor eating
S&S:
Tachycardia
Pallor
Brittle spoon shaped fingernails
Fatigue
Muscle weakness
Iron deficiency anemia treatment
-infants: iron fortified formula, supplements and limit cow's milk
(23oz/day), iron fortified cereal
-children: encourage iron rich foods (red meat, beans and lentils,
peanut butter and green leafy veggies) and vit C to help with
absorption (orange juice)
-dietary iron is preferable over supplements
*could cause developmental delay
*educate the family
*iron supplement given 1 hour before or 2 hours after milk or
antacid to prevent decreased absorption
how to give iron supplements
- 1 hour before or 2 hours after milk, tea, antacid to prevent
decreased absorption
-can cause GI upset, but will decrease overtime (Nausea)
-empty stomach with vit c or range juice
,-can stain teeth so use straw or dropper and brush teeth after
-if injected, use z track method because it can be painful
*educate on green or black tarry stools
*brush teeth after to prevent staining
RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
highly contagious viral respiratory infection, major cause of
respiratory illness in young children
-neonate is at risk
-can kill your infant
*<3 months = maternal antibodies present
*3-6 months infections rates increase
* common in winter and spring
RSV clinical manifestations
Fever
Anorexia
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abd pain
Cough, sore throat or nasal blockage (pillows can elevate the head
and help)
Wheezing or stridor
TX:
Ease respiratory effort
Manage fever: Tylenol or ibuprofen >6 months
Rest and comfort
Hydrate: Maybe IV
Control infection: hand washing, thro away dirty tissues
Cool mist w/ humidifier
*typically no antitussives and not aspirin for children
Pharyngitis/Tonsillitis
Bacterial (streptococcus) so can treat w/ antibiotics
S&S:
Sore throat
, Red and inflamed tonsils
Difficulty swallowing
Mouth odor / breathing
Fever
Risk factors:
Young children (immature immune system)
Hx of otitis media and hearing difficulties
Exposure to viral or bacterial agent
Tx:
Meds:
antipyretics and analgesics—> acetaminophen
Antibiotics for group A beta
**tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy usually around 2-3 years old if
reocurring
Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress infants and children
Retractions
Nasal flaming
Head bobbing
tonsilectomy
surgical removal of the tonsils
Pre op:
Maintain NPO status
Post op:
-manage pain round the clock
-cold, soft food: nothing red or brown, nothing acidic or milk based
foods
-watch for bleeding: excessive swallowing, clearing throat and
restless ness
-limit activity : increases risk for bleeding
-elevate HOB while awake
-assess airway
-ice collar or ice chips
