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Safety
protection of patients & health care personnel from health &
environmental hazards
American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN)
specialty dealing with the human response to life threatening
problems
Critical Care Nursing requires:
In depth knowledge of:
- A&P
- pathophysiology
- pharmacology
- advanced assessment skills
- advanced biotechnology
- COMMUNICATION (active listening is the biggest part!!!)
How do you know communication was effective?
receive feedback that the message implied was interpreted how we
meant for it to
- encoded & decoded by the recipient by the method that was
intended
Standards for establishing & sustaining a healthy work environment
- skilled communication
- true collaboration
- effective decision making (looking at trending labs)
- appropriate staffing
- meaningful recognition
- authentic leadership
,Common problems of critical care patients
- nutrition
- anxiety
- pain
- impaired communication
- sensory-perceptual problems
- sleep problems
When dealing with patients you have to be
- informative
- letting them know what's going on in a timely manner
- inform the family!!!
- provide reassurance
- convenience
- how can we adjust to help them in this situation?
Pediatric Dental Trauma
- 20 primary teeth
- 32 permanent teeth
- types of injuries:
1. concussion
2. subluxation
3. intrusion
4. extrusion
5. luxation
6. avulsion
Dental Concussion
- tooth remains intact
- not mobile
- not displaced
- painful
- when biting on food stimulates the pain
- resolves in 1-2wks
Dental Subluxation
, - increased mobility without displacement
- tooth wiggles front to back (<2mm)
- gingival sulcus bleeding
Dental Intrusion
- displace of the tooth into the alveolar bone
- pushed upward into the socket & sometimes the socket is
fractured
- injury is accompanied by comminution or fracture of the alveolar
socket
- requires surgical intervention for removal
Dental Extrusion
- tooth is pulled downward
- partial displacement of the tooth out of the socket
Dental Luxation
- tooth wiggles from side to side (<2mm)
- partial or total separation of the periodontal ligament
- results of a loss of the tooth
Dental Avulsion
- tooth is out of socket & damaged
- tooth is partially or completely knocked out of socket
- worse injury***