NURS 480L Spinal Case Study latest (SPRING –FALL
SESSION) GRADED A+
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - ANSWER: Fluid normally withdrawn from the
subarachnoid space.
Kyphosis - ANSWER: Abnormally increased curvature of the thoracic vertebral
column.
Intermediate mesoderm - ANSWER: Embryonic site where a genetic defect may be
expressed, causing urinary and genital problems.
Median atlanto-axial joint - ANSWER: Joint where severe osteoarthritis can cause
pain when rotating the head.
Denticulate ligaments - ANSWER: Lateral extensions of the pia mater.
Atlanto-axial subluxation - ANSWER: Diagnosis likely for a patient with upper neck
pain after a concrete bag accident.
Aneurysm of anterior tibial artery - ANSWER: Condition depicted in a leg photograph
of a patient.
Venous system - ANSWER: Characterized by veins in the limbs tending to be double
or multiple vessels.
Lymphedema - ANSWER: Developed in the upper limb due to lymph drainage
impeded by the absence of axillary lymph nodes.
Brachial plexus - ANSWER: Lesions from stab wounds can affect muscles like the
Rhomboid minor but spare the Levator scapulae.
Pivot (trochoid) joint - ANSWER: Joint where a patient may experience severe pain
when turning the neck.
Sympathetic nervous activity - ANSWER: May lead to bronchoconstriction and
constriction of peripheral cutaneous blood vessels.
Intramuscular injection - ANSWER: Administered into the lateral aspect of the
shoulder, piercing tissue layers from superficial to deep.
Epimysium - ANSWER: Connective tissue surrounding individual muscle fibers
Dermis - ANSWER: Layer of skin below the epidermis, containing blood vessels and
nerves
, Superficial fascia - ANSWER: Layer of connective tissue below the skin and above the
deep fascia
Deep fascia - ANSWER: Layer of dense connective tissue surrounding muscles and
other organs
Parasympathetic nerves - ANSWER: Nerves that regulate rest and digest functions
Epidermis - ANSWER: Outermost layer of skin, providing a waterproof barrier
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract - ANSWER: Organ system responsible for digestion and
absorption of nutrients
Spinal (posterior root) ganglia - ANSWER: Clusters of nerve cell bodies in the spinal
cord
Straight-leg raising sign - ANSWER: Positive test indicating lumbar nerve root
entrapment
Quadriplegia - ANSWER: Paralysis affecting all four limbs and the torso
Screw-home movement - ANSWER: Forearm rotation to lock the elbow joint
Lumbar puncture - ANSWER: Procedure to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid from the
spinal canal
Hypertrophy - ANSWER: Muscle growth due to increased cell size
Sagittal plane - ANSWER: Vertical plane dividing the body into left and right portions
Iliocostalis - ANSWER: Muscle responsible for lateral flexion and extension of the
spine
Retroperitoneal gland - ANSWER: Gland located behind the peritoneum, such as the
pancreas or kidneys
Chyle - ANSWER: Lymphatic fluid containing high levels of fat droplets
Synovitis - ANSWER: Inflammation of the synovial membrane in joints
Vertebra prominens - ANSWER: Prominent spinous process typically at the C7
vertebra
Nucleus pulposus - ANSWER: Central gel-like substance within intervertebral discs
Prime agonist - ANSWER: Muscle primarily responsible for a specific movement
SESSION) GRADED A+
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) - ANSWER: Fluid normally withdrawn from the
subarachnoid space.
Kyphosis - ANSWER: Abnormally increased curvature of the thoracic vertebral
column.
Intermediate mesoderm - ANSWER: Embryonic site where a genetic defect may be
expressed, causing urinary and genital problems.
Median atlanto-axial joint - ANSWER: Joint where severe osteoarthritis can cause
pain when rotating the head.
Denticulate ligaments - ANSWER: Lateral extensions of the pia mater.
Atlanto-axial subluxation - ANSWER: Diagnosis likely for a patient with upper neck
pain after a concrete bag accident.
Aneurysm of anterior tibial artery - ANSWER: Condition depicted in a leg photograph
of a patient.
Venous system - ANSWER: Characterized by veins in the limbs tending to be double
or multiple vessels.
Lymphedema - ANSWER: Developed in the upper limb due to lymph drainage
impeded by the absence of axillary lymph nodes.
Brachial plexus - ANSWER: Lesions from stab wounds can affect muscles like the
Rhomboid minor but spare the Levator scapulae.
Pivot (trochoid) joint - ANSWER: Joint where a patient may experience severe pain
when turning the neck.
Sympathetic nervous activity - ANSWER: May lead to bronchoconstriction and
constriction of peripheral cutaneous blood vessels.
Intramuscular injection - ANSWER: Administered into the lateral aspect of the
shoulder, piercing tissue layers from superficial to deep.
Epimysium - ANSWER: Connective tissue surrounding individual muscle fibers
Dermis - ANSWER: Layer of skin below the epidermis, containing blood vessels and
nerves
, Superficial fascia - ANSWER: Layer of connective tissue below the skin and above the
deep fascia
Deep fascia - ANSWER: Layer of dense connective tissue surrounding muscles and
other organs
Parasympathetic nerves - ANSWER: Nerves that regulate rest and digest functions
Epidermis - ANSWER: Outermost layer of skin, providing a waterproof barrier
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract - ANSWER: Organ system responsible for digestion and
absorption of nutrients
Spinal (posterior root) ganglia - ANSWER: Clusters of nerve cell bodies in the spinal
cord
Straight-leg raising sign - ANSWER: Positive test indicating lumbar nerve root
entrapment
Quadriplegia - ANSWER: Paralysis affecting all four limbs and the torso
Screw-home movement - ANSWER: Forearm rotation to lock the elbow joint
Lumbar puncture - ANSWER: Procedure to withdraw cerebrospinal fluid from the
spinal canal
Hypertrophy - ANSWER: Muscle growth due to increased cell size
Sagittal plane - ANSWER: Vertical plane dividing the body into left and right portions
Iliocostalis - ANSWER: Muscle responsible for lateral flexion and extension of the
spine
Retroperitoneal gland - ANSWER: Gland located behind the peritoneum, such as the
pancreas or kidneys
Chyle - ANSWER: Lymphatic fluid containing high levels of fat droplets
Synovitis - ANSWER: Inflammation of the synovial membrane in joints
Vertebra prominens - ANSWER: Prominent spinous process typically at the C7
vertebra
Nucleus pulposus - ANSWER: Central gel-like substance within intervertebral discs
Prime agonist - ANSWER: Muscle primarily responsible for a specific movement
