SI Cardiac EXAM ACCURATE EXAM SUMMER SESSION
EXAM GRADED A+
what is a CVAD (central venous access device)? - ANSWER: catheters placed in large
vessels for high volume meds, vesicant meds, emergency access, dialysis, etc
What are the CLABSI prevention factors - ANSWER: Sterile insertion procedure
Maintain sterility of line post placement
Ensure insertion site is always clean dry and intact
Ensure dressing is always clean dry intact and occlusive in all edges
Sterile dressing changes Q7 days and as needed
Chlorohexidine bath Q24 hours
Hand hygiene
Avoid femoral sites if possible
Assess need for line daily
Remove as soon as possible
Scrub the hub
Antiseptic impregnated caps
What do you monitor for during insertion of CVAD - ANSWER: SVT / Vtach
What is an arterial line - ANSWER: Continuous BP monitoring and blood draws
What do you look for on the waveform switch an a line - ANSWER: Diacritic notch
What is central venous pressure - ANSWER: Checks fluid volume status in the RIGHT
side of the heart (RIGHT ATRIUM)
What is the normal CVP range - ANSWER: 0-8 mmhg
What does less than 0 mean - ANSWER: Fluid deficit
Dehydration
What does more than 8 mean - ANSWER: Fluid overload
What is normal pulmonary artery pressure - ANSWER: 4-12 mmhg
What does a Swan-Ganz catheter measure? - ANSWER: Pulmonary vessel pressure
on the LEFT side of the heart
What do you monitor for during insertion of he hemodynamic monitoring - ANSWER:
PVCs and vtach
What are the cardiac dx blood tests - ANSWER: Cardiac bio markers (CK, myoglobin,
troponin)
Blood chemistry
, Bnp
C reactive protein
Homocysteine
What does Bnp measure - ANSWER: How well the heart is doing
What are other cardiac dx tests - ANSWER: EKG, stress testing (can be done
physically or chemically), echo, cardiac cath (both diagnostic and intervention)
What is sinus bradycardia? - ANSWER: <60 bpm
How do you treat sinus bradycardia - ANSWER: Atropine and/or pacing
What is sinus tachycardia - ANSWER: >100 bpm
How do you treat tachycardia - ANSWER: Fixing underlying problem
Fluids, antipyretics, pain meds, lessors, negative inotropes
What is a flutter - ANSWER: Regular rhythms no p wave
How do you treat a flutter - ANSWER: Cardioversion, anti arrhythmic, and anticoags
What is a fib - ANSWER: Irregular rhythm
What is SVT / afib with RVR - ANSWER: heart is beating so fast you can't see the
underlying rhythm
How do you treat SVT / afib with RVR - ANSWER: SVT - Vagal maneuver, adenosine,
Cardioversion
A fib w RVR +hypotension - amiodarone or adenosine, Cardioversion
How do you treat afib - ANSWER: Cardioversion, anti arrhythmic, anticoags
When do you treat PAC'S and PVC'S? How do you treat it? - ANSWER: Only treat if
symptomatic
Lifestyle changes, anti arrhythmic, BB, CCB
what do you assess FIRST for vtach - ANSWER: Pulse
Can be pulseless or with a pulse
What do you do for vtach with no pulse - ANSWER: CPR and prepare for defib
What do you do for vtach with a pulse - ANSWER: Slow hr
What do you do for vfib - ANSWER: CPR and defibrillator
What is pea - ANSWER: Rhythm with no pulse
EXAM GRADED A+
what is a CVAD (central venous access device)? - ANSWER: catheters placed in large
vessels for high volume meds, vesicant meds, emergency access, dialysis, etc
What are the CLABSI prevention factors - ANSWER: Sterile insertion procedure
Maintain sterility of line post placement
Ensure insertion site is always clean dry and intact
Ensure dressing is always clean dry intact and occlusive in all edges
Sterile dressing changes Q7 days and as needed
Chlorohexidine bath Q24 hours
Hand hygiene
Avoid femoral sites if possible
Assess need for line daily
Remove as soon as possible
Scrub the hub
Antiseptic impregnated caps
What do you monitor for during insertion of CVAD - ANSWER: SVT / Vtach
What is an arterial line - ANSWER: Continuous BP monitoring and blood draws
What do you look for on the waveform switch an a line - ANSWER: Diacritic notch
What is central venous pressure - ANSWER: Checks fluid volume status in the RIGHT
side of the heart (RIGHT ATRIUM)
What is the normal CVP range - ANSWER: 0-8 mmhg
What does less than 0 mean - ANSWER: Fluid deficit
Dehydration
What does more than 8 mean - ANSWER: Fluid overload
What is normal pulmonary artery pressure - ANSWER: 4-12 mmhg
What does a Swan-Ganz catheter measure? - ANSWER: Pulmonary vessel pressure
on the LEFT side of the heart
What do you monitor for during insertion of he hemodynamic monitoring - ANSWER:
PVCs and vtach
What are the cardiac dx blood tests - ANSWER: Cardiac bio markers (CK, myoglobin,
troponin)
Blood chemistry
, Bnp
C reactive protein
Homocysteine
What does Bnp measure - ANSWER: How well the heart is doing
What are other cardiac dx tests - ANSWER: EKG, stress testing (can be done
physically or chemically), echo, cardiac cath (both diagnostic and intervention)
What is sinus bradycardia? - ANSWER: <60 bpm
How do you treat sinus bradycardia - ANSWER: Atropine and/or pacing
What is sinus tachycardia - ANSWER: >100 bpm
How do you treat tachycardia - ANSWER: Fixing underlying problem
Fluids, antipyretics, pain meds, lessors, negative inotropes
What is a flutter - ANSWER: Regular rhythms no p wave
How do you treat a flutter - ANSWER: Cardioversion, anti arrhythmic, and anticoags
What is a fib - ANSWER: Irregular rhythm
What is SVT / afib with RVR - ANSWER: heart is beating so fast you can't see the
underlying rhythm
How do you treat SVT / afib with RVR - ANSWER: SVT - Vagal maneuver, adenosine,
Cardioversion
A fib w RVR +hypotension - amiodarone or adenosine, Cardioversion
How do you treat afib - ANSWER: Cardioversion, anti arrhythmic, anticoags
When do you treat PAC'S and PVC'S? How do you treat it? - ANSWER: Only treat if
symptomatic
Lifestyle changes, anti arrhythmic, BB, CCB
what do you assess FIRST for vtach - ANSWER: Pulse
Can be pulseless or with a pulse
What do you do for vtach with no pulse - ANSWER: CPR and prepare for defib
What do you do for vtach with a pulse - ANSWER: Slow hr
What do you do for vfib - ANSWER: CPR and defibrillator
What is pea - ANSWER: Rhythm with no pulse
