PHI 2604 PROCTORED EXAM 2023 SUMMER FALL
SESSION (MIAMI DADE COLLEGE)
Not thinking too deeply or too systematically about ethical concerns - ANSWER:
undermines your personal freedom
Which of the following is the overall point of the author's discussion of "doing
ethics"? - ANSWER: doing ethics is unavoidable for everyone
Which field or topic would include tasks such as accurately describing the moral
codes and
ethical standards of colonial America? - ANSWER: descriptive ethics
What is a major difference between descriptive ethics and normative ethics? -
ANSWER: normative ethics implies that some peoples moral beliefs are incorrect,
whereas descriptive ethics does not
Morality refers to beliefs about - ANSWER: right and wrong, good and bad
Believing that you can establish all your moral beliefs by consulting your feelings is
an example of - ANSWER: subjectivism
What does normative ethics study? - ANSWER: principles, rules, or theories that
guide our actions and judgments
Which of these questions belongs to metaethics? - ANSWER: what does it mean for
an action to be right?
applied ethics is the - ANSWER: application of moral norms to specific moral issues
or cases
which field concerns questions such as "was this abortions permissible?" or "was this
instance of mercy killing immoral?" - ANSWER: applied ethics
the preeminence of reason refers to the - ANSWER: overriding importance of critical
reasoning in ethics
Which of the following is a consequence of the principle of universalizability? -
ANSWER: if harming someone is wrong in a particular situation, then harming
someone would be wrong in all situations
Which statement would the author most likely agree with, based on what he states
in this chapter? - ANSWER: because we live with people who have different religious
views, we need standards for moral reasoning that do not depend on any particular
religious views
,Which of the following correctly applies the principle of impartiality? - ANSWER:
Everyone deserves the same treatment, unless there is a morally relevant reason to
favor someone.
The dominance of moral norms suggests that if a speed limit on a highway conflicts
with a - ANSWER: the moral duty would take precedence over the legal duty.
Which of these illustrates the need for moral reasoning when applying religious
moral codes? - ANSWER: My religious moral code is difficult to follow because it is
very strict and demanding.
When religious adherents claim that murder is wrong because God says that it is,
they are
implicitly espousing the - ANSWER: divine command theory
In arguing against the divine command theory, many critics insist that - ANSWER: if
an action is right only because God wills it, then many evil actions would be right
if God willed them.
Why does Leibniz, the great theistic philosopher, reject the divine command theory?
- ANSWER: because it implies God is unworthy of worship
Which of these best describes the purpose of the book's discussion of ethics and
religion? - ANSWER: to convince religious believers of the value of doing ethics
Subjective relativism is the doctrine that - ANSWER: an action is morally right if one
approves of it.
Suppose I think that I sometimes make mistakes on moral matters, and so does my
culture. Acknowledging this, I say, "My moral
beliefs are sometimes wrong and sometimes my
culture's moral principles are wrong as well." On which view could my statement be
true? - ANSWER: objectivism
Objectivism is the view that: - ANSWER: some moral principles are valid for everyone
Subjective relativism implies that when Sofia says, "I think abortion is wrong," and
Emma replies,
"I think abortion is permissible," Sofia and Emma are - ANSWER: not having a moral
disagreement.
Subjective relativism implies that when a person states their moral beliefs, that
person is - ANSWER: incapable of being in error.
Both objectivists and cultural relativists agree that - ANSWER: moral judgments differ
from culture to culture.
, Which statement is a consequence of objectivism? - ANSWER: Whether an action is
objectively right depends on its consequences.
Cultural relativists may believe their theory promotes tolerance of other cultures.
However,
the author argues against this. Which statement best summarizes his argument? -
ANSWER: Cultural relativists cannot consistently say that tolerance is objectively
good.
According to the main argument for cultural relativism, if culture X and culture Y
disagree
about the morality of physician-assisted suicide, this shows that - ANSWER: right and
wrong are not relative to cultures.
Objectivists argue that the diversity of moral judgments across cultures does not
necessarily
indicate that there is disagreement about moral beliefs, but instead may indicate
that - ANSWER: there are divergent nonmoral beliefs.
Which feature of emotivism makes it different from subjective relativism? - ANSWER:
In emotivism, some of our feelings about actions are objectively justified.
Suppose a culture approves of beheading a young man for merely holding hands
with a woman. According to cultural relativism, the
beheading is - ANSWER: morally justified
Cultural relativism implies that the abolition of slavery in the United States -
ANSWER: represents moral progress
Which statement best summarizes why, according to the author, cultural relativism
is nearly impossible to use? - ANSWER: Each of us belongs to multiple societies or
social groups, but cultural relativism does not specify
which society or group we should use in evaluating actions.
Suppose your culture endorses the view that all wars are wrong. It follows from
cultural
relativism that your culture - ANSWER: cannot be mistaken about the morality of
war.
What does cultural relativism imply about the civil rights leader and social reformer
Martin Luther King Jr., considered as part of 1950s-1960s United States culture? -
ANSWER: He was wrong about his moral reforms.
For a cultural relativist, when two people in the same culture disagree on a moral
issue,
what they are really disagreeing about is - ANSWER: whether their society endorses
a particular view.
SESSION (MIAMI DADE COLLEGE)
Not thinking too deeply or too systematically about ethical concerns - ANSWER:
undermines your personal freedom
Which of the following is the overall point of the author's discussion of "doing
ethics"? - ANSWER: doing ethics is unavoidable for everyone
Which field or topic would include tasks such as accurately describing the moral
codes and
ethical standards of colonial America? - ANSWER: descriptive ethics
What is a major difference between descriptive ethics and normative ethics? -
ANSWER: normative ethics implies that some peoples moral beliefs are incorrect,
whereas descriptive ethics does not
Morality refers to beliefs about - ANSWER: right and wrong, good and bad
Believing that you can establish all your moral beliefs by consulting your feelings is
an example of - ANSWER: subjectivism
What does normative ethics study? - ANSWER: principles, rules, or theories that
guide our actions and judgments
Which of these questions belongs to metaethics? - ANSWER: what does it mean for
an action to be right?
applied ethics is the - ANSWER: application of moral norms to specific moral issues
or cases
which field concerns questions such as "was this abortions permissible?" or "was this
instance of mercy killing immoral?" - ANSWER: applied ethics
the preeminence of reason refers to the - ANSWER: overriding importance of critical
reasoning in ethics
Which of the following is a consequence of the principle of universalizability? -
ANSWER: if harming someone is wrong in a particular situation, then harming
someone would be wrong in all situations
Which statement would the author most likely agree with, based on what he states
in this chapter? - ANSWER: because we live with people who have different religious
views, we need standards for moral reasoning that do not depend on any particular
religious views
,Which of the following correctly applies the principle of impartiality? - ANSWER:
Everyone deserves the same treatment, unless there is a morally relevant reason to
favor someone.
The dominance of moral norms suggests that if a speed limit on a highway conflicts
with a - ANSWER: the moral duty would take precedence over the legal duty.
Which of these illustrates the need for moral reasoning when applying religious
moral codes? - ANSWER: My religious moral code is difficult to follow because it is
very strict and demanding.
When religious adherents claim that murder is wrong because God says that it is,
they are
implicitly espousing the - ANSWER: divine command theory
In arguing against the divine command theory, many critics insist that - ANSWER: if
an action is right only because God wills it, then many evil actions would be right
if God willed them.
Why does Leibniz, the great theistic philosopher, reject the divine command theory?
- ANSWER: because it implies God is unworthy of worship
Which of these best describes the purpose of the book's discussion of ethics and
religion? - ANSWER: to convince religious believers of the value of doing ethics
Subjective relativism is the doctrine that - ANSWER: an action is morally right if one
approves of it.
Suppose I think that I sometimes make mistakes on moral matters, and so does my
culture. Acknowledging this, I say, "My moral
beliefs are sometimes wrong and sometimes my
culture's moral principles are wrong as well." On which view could my statement be
true? - ANSWER: objectivism
Objectivism is the view that: - ANSWER: some moral principles are valid for everyone
Subjective relativism implies that when Sofia says, "I think abortion is wrong," and
Emma replies,
"I think abortion is permissible," Sofia and Emma are - ANSWER: not having a moral
disagreement.
Subjective relativism implies that when a person states their moral beliefs, that
person is - ANSWER: incapable of being in error.
Both objectivists and cultural relativists agree that - ANSWER: moral judgments differ
from culture to culture.
, Which statement is a consequence of objectivism? - ANSWER: Whether an action is
objectively right depends on its consequences.
Cultural relativists may believe their theory promotes tolerance of other cultures.
However,
the author argues against this. Which statement best summarizes his argument? -
ANSWER: Cultural relativists cannot consistently say that tolerance is objectively
good.
According to the main argument for cultural relativism, if culture X and culture Y
disagree
about the morality of physician-assisted suicide, this shows that - ANSWER: right and
wrong are not relative to cultures.
Objectivists argue that the diversity of moral judgments across cultures does not
necessarily
indicate that there is disagreement about moral beliefs, but instead may indicate
that - ANSWER: there are divergent nonmoral beliefs.
Which feature of emotivism makes it different from subjective relativism? - ANSWER:
In emotivism, some of our feelings about actions are objectively justified.
Suppose a culture approves of beheading a young man for merely holding hands
with a woman. According to cultural relativism, the
beheading is - ANSWER: morally justified
Cultural relativism implies that the abolition of slavery in the United States -
ANSWER: represents moral progress
Which statement best summarizes why, according to the author, cultural relativism
is nearly impossible to use? - ANSWER: Each of us belongs to multiple societies or
social groups, but cultural relativism does not specify
which society or group we should use in evaluating actions.
Suppose your culture endorses the view that all wars are wrong. It follows from
cultural
relativism that your culture - ANSWER: cannot be mistaken about the morality of
war.
What does cultural relativism imply about the civil rights leader and social reformer
Martin Luther King Jr., considered as part of 1950s-1960s United States culture? -
ANSWER: He was wrong about his moral reforms.
For a cultural relativist, when two people in the same culture disagree on a moral
issue,
what they are really disagreeing about is - ANSWER: whether their society endorses
a particular view.
