Frontal Lobe Deficits - ANSWER Impaired social adjustment, poor
judgment, erratic mood swings. Rigidity in tasks, perseveration, and
difficulty in task-switching.
Broca's Aphasia (Non-Fluent) - ANSWER Impaired speech production
with difficulty in articulation, grammar, and intonation. Speech is
telegraphic (simple grammar and words).
Wernicke's Aphasia (Fluent) - ANSWER Fluent speech with poor
language comprehension. Patients can speak but have difficulty
understanding spoken or written language.
Phineas Gage - ANSWER Injury to the frontal lobe resulted in
significant personality changes. He became irresponsible, and
insensitive, and displayed poor judgment and erratic mood swings.
Initially well-adjusted, but developed epilepsy post-injury.
Trail Making Test - ANSWER Assesses motor speed and the ability to
switch tasks. It can indicate frontal lobe deficits if the patient struggles to
complete the test.
Weigl Colour Form Sorting Test - ANSWER Measures the ability to sort
objects based on different criteria (e.g., colour or shape). Frontal lobe
damage leads to difficulties in task flexibility.
Anterograde Amnesia (HM Case) - ANSWER Loss of the ability to form
new long-term memories (anterograde amnesia). Deficits in episodic and
procedural memory. Short-term memory was unimpaired, and HM's IQ
improved post-surgery.
Alexia Without Agraphia - ANSWER Inability to read, but retained
ability to write. Caused by disconnection between the visual system and
judgment, erratic mood swings. Rigidity in tasks, perseveration, and
difficulty in task-switching.
Broca's Aphasia (Non-Fluent) - ANSWER Impaired speech production
with difficulty in articulation, grammar, and intonation. Speech is
telegraphic (simple grammar and words).
Wernicke's Aphasia (Fluent) - ANSWER Fluent speech with poor
language comprehension. Patients can speak but have difficulty
understanding spoken or written language.
Phineas Gage - ANSWER Injury to the frontal lobe resulted in
significant personality changes. He became irresponsible, and
insensitive, and displayed poor judgment and erratic mood swings.
Initially well-adjusted, but developed epilepsy post-injury.
Trail Making Test - ANSWER Assesses motor speed and the ability to
switch tasks. It can indicate frontal lobe deficits if the patient struggles to
complete the test.
Weigl Colour Form Sorting Test - ANSWER Measures the ability to sort
objects based on different criteria (e.g., colour or shape). Frontal lobe
damage leads to difficulties in task flexibility.
Anterograde Amnesia (HM Case) - ANSWER Loss of the ability to form
new long-term memories (anterograde amnesia). Deficits in episodic and
procedural memory. Short-term memory was unimpaired, and HM's IQ
improved post-surgery.
Alexia Without Agraphia - ANSWER Inability to read, but retained
ability to write. Caused by disconnection between the visual system and
