The focus of initial HH during musculoskeletal exams
Based on whether addressing a chronic disorder or recent injury
chronic: obtain HH and allergy history; any surgical history
injury: how and when the trauma occurred and compiles a list of symptoms that
includes info about the onset, duration, and location of discomfort or pain;
whether activity makes the symptoms better or worse; when the pt last had a
tetanus shot
common symptoms of muscular-skeletal disorders
pain and altered neurosensory sensation
Physical Exam: Musculoskeletal
PT's ability to ambulate, sit, stand, and perform activities. Inspect for symmetry,
size, and contour of extremities and random movements; pt's posture and spinal
inspection
palpate the muscles and joints to identify swelling, degree of firmness, local
warm areas, and any involuntary movements
kyphosis
exaggerated convex curvature of the thoracic spine (humpback)
Lordosis (swayback)
abnormal, inward curvature of a portion of the lumbar portion of the spine
scoliosis
lateral curvature of the spine
after 35 yrs of age....
people generally experience loss of bone mass and height and changes in the
structure of the spine and joints
factors that may accelerate loss of bone mass
, prolonged immobilization, hypercalciuria, malabsorption, cigarette smoking,
alcoholism
factors that may delay the decline of muscles and bone mass
active lifestyle and obtaining adequate calcium and vitamin D
the physician needs to examine pt before nurse...
touches, cleans, or disturbs open wounds and before moving the injured
extremity
arthrogram
uses radiopaque contrast or air injected into a joint to view irregular surfaces
and movement of the joint
-crackling or clicking noises in the joint for up to 2 days is normal (noises
beyond this is abnormal)
arthroscopy
the internal inspection of a joint using an instrument called an arthroscope
-it inspects the joint for signs of injury or deterioration
arthrocentesis
Aspiration of synovial fluid, blood, or pus from a joint cavity.
synovial fluid analysis
used to diagnose disorders such as traumatic arthritis, septic arthritis, gout,
rheumatic fever, and systemic lupus erythematosus
bone scan
A test that detects areas of increased or decreased bone metabolism; test is
performed to identify abnormal processes involving the bone such as tumor,
infection, or fracture.
electromyography
a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibres in
response to nerve stimulation
contraindication to arthrogram
Based on whether addressing a chronic disorder or recent injury
chronic: obtain HH and allergy history; any surgical history
injury: how and when the trauma occurred and compiles a list of symptoms that
includes info about the onset, duration, and location of discomfort or pain;
whether activity makes the symptoms better or worse; when the pt last had a
tetanus shot
common symptoms of muscular-skeletal disorders
pain and altered neurosensory sensation
Physical Exam: Musculoskeletal
PT's ability to ambulate, sit, stand, and perform activities. Inspect for symmetry,
size, and contour of extremities and random movements; pt's posture and spinal
inspection
palpate the muscles and joints to identify swelling, degree of firmness, local
warm areas, and any involuntary movements
kyphosis
exaggerated convex curvature of the thoracic spine (humpback)
Lordosis (swayback)
abnormal, inward curvature of a portion of the lumbar portion of the spine
scoliosis
lateral curvature of the spine
after 35 yrs of age....
people generally experience loss of bone mass and height and changes in the
structure of the spine and joints
factors that may accelerate loss of bone mass
, prolonged immobilization, hypercalciuria, malabsorption, cigarette smoking,
alcoholism
factors that may delay the decline of muscles and bone mass
active lifestyle and obtaining adequate calcium and vitamin D
the physician needs to examine pt before nurse...
touches, cleans, or disturbs open wounds and before moving the injured
extremity
arthrogram
uses radiopaque contrast or air injected into a joint to view irregular surfaces
and movement of the joint
-crackling or clicking noises in the joint for up to 2 days is normal (noises
beyond this is abnormal)
arthroscopy
the internal inspection of a joint using an instrument called an arthroscope
-it inspects the joint for signs of injury or deterioration
arthrocentesis
Aspiration of synovial fluid, blood, or pus from a joint cavity.
synovial fluid analysis
used to diagnose disorders such as traumatic arthritis, septic arthritis, gout,
rheumatic fever, and systemic lupus erythematosus
bone scan
A test that detects areas of increased or decreased bone metabolism; test is
performed to identify abnormal processes involving the bone such as tumor,
infection, or fracture.
electromyography
a diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibres in
response to nerve stimulation
contraindication to arthrogram
