Mat Child: Chapter 4-Prenatal Care and
Adaptations to Pregnancy QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
3 Phases of child bearing period - ANSWER>>1. Antepartum: prenatal
2. Intrapartum: during birth
3. Postpartum: after birth
Focus on nursing care in pregnancy - ANSWER>>- Teach mother how to maintain
good health
- In case of mom with condition that places baby at risk; improve her health as
much as possible to promote healthy outcome for both mother and fetus.
What does preconception care consist of? - ANSWER>>- Educating mother about
what can affect adult health of the developing fetus such as:
*Maternal diet
*Exercise
*Smoking
*Stress
*Drugs
*Environmental pollutants
When should healthcare for childbearing begin? - ANSWER>>- Before conception
Preconception care and risk factors - ANSWER>>- Identifies risk factors that may
be changed before conception to reduce negative impact on outcome of
pregnancy
- Ex: woman may be counselled/provided resources to improve her nutritional
state before pregnancy or she may receive immunizations to prevent infections
that would be harmful to developing fetus
,What is the importance of folic acid? - ANSWER>>Adequate folic acid intake
before conception can reduce incidence of congenital anomalies
Preconception care involves discussion of: - ANSWER>>- Pregnancy intention
- Access to care
- Use of folic acid
- Smoking cessation
- STIs
- Recreational/therapeutic drug use
- Mental health issues
Important discussion points with family about pregnancy - ANSWER>>- Healthy
weight
- Glycemic control
- Use of teratogenic medications
- Family history
- Chronic illnesses
Prenatal care is a good example of: - ANSWER>>Primary prevention
Who provides prenatal care? - ANSWER>>- Obstetricians
- Family MD
- Registered Midwives (RM)
- NPs
- Nurse assists HCP in evaluating the expectant family's physical, social needs and
can provide teaching about women's self care
Major goals of prenatal care - ANSWER>>- Promote health of mother, fetus,
newborn and family
- Ensure safe birth for mother and child by promoting good health habits and
reducing risk factors
- Teach health habits that may be continued after pregnancy
- Educate regarding self care for pregnancy
,- Develop partnership with parents and family to provide continuous coordinated
health care
- Provide physical care
- Prepare parents for responsibilities of parenthood
Major roles of nurses during prenatal care - ANSWER>>- Collecting data from
pregnant women
- Identifying/re-evaluating risk factors
- Educating in self care
- Providing nutrition counselling
- Promoting woman and family's adaptation to pregnancy
*Documenting abnormal data such as high BP must be followed by
documentation of intervention/referral for follow up care*
Gravida - ANSWER>>- Any pregnancy regardless of duration including one in
progress
- # Of pregnancies
Nulligravida - ANSWER>>- Woman that has never been pregnant
Primigravida - ANSWER>>- Woman pregnant for first time
Multigravida - ANSWER>>- Woman who has been pregnant before, regardless of
duration of pregnancy
Parity - ANSWER>>- # of pregnancies that have reached 20wks gestation,
regardless of # of fetus born and regardless of whether these children are now
living
Primipara - ANSWER>>- Woman who has given birth to her first child (past point
of viability), regardless of whether child was alive at birth or is now living
- Used informally to describe woman before birth of first child
, Multipara - ANSWER>>- Woman who has given birth to 2+ children (past point of
viability) regardless of whether children were alive at birth or are presently alive
- Also used informally to describe woman before birth of her 2nd child
Nullipara - ANSWER>>- Woman who has not given birth to a viable child (22wks
gestation)
Abortion - ANSWER>>- Premature termination of pregnancy
- Either spontaneous or induced
Gestational age - ANSWER>>- Prenatal age of developing fetus calculated from
first day of woman's LMP
Age of viability - ANSWER>>- Fetus that has reached the stage where it's capable
of living outside uterus (approx 22wks)
What is the GTPAL system? - ANSWER>>- Standardized way to describe woman's
detailed obstetrical history on her prenatal record
- Gravida # increases by 1 each time woman is pregnant
- Para # only increases when woman has a pregnancy that lasts 20wks gestation
GTPAL - ANSWER>>- G: # of all pregnancies (including current)
- T: # of term infants born (after at least 37wks)
- P: # of preterm infants born (after 20wks, before 37wks)
- A: # of pregnancies absorbed before 20wks (spontaneous or induced)
- L: # of children now living
Katie Fields is pregnant for the 4th time. She has had 1 child at 34 weeks, 1 at 39
weeks and 1 miscarriage at 12weeks. What is her GTPAL? - ANSWER>>- G: 4
- T: 1
- P: 1
- A: 1
- L: 2
Adaptations to Pregnancy QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
3 Phases of child bearing period - ANSWER>>1. Antepartum: prenatal
2. Intrapartum: during birth
3. Postpartum: after birth
Focus on nursing care in pregnancy - ANSWER>>- Teach mother how to maintain
good health
- In case of mom with condition that places baby at risk; improve her health as
much as possible to promote healthy outcome for both mother and fetus.
What does preconception care consist of? - ANSWER>>- Educating mother about
what can affect adult health of the developing fetus such as:
*Maternal diet
*Exercise
*Smoking
*Stress
*Drugs
*Environmental pollutants
When should healthcare for childbearing begin? - ANSWER>>- Before conception
Preconception care and risk factors - ANSWER>>- Identifies risk factors that may
be changed before conception to reduce negative impact on outcome of
pregnancy
- Ex: woman may be counselled/provided resources to improve her nutritional
state before pregnancy or she may receive immunizations to prevent infections
that would be harmful to developing fetus
,What is the importance of folic acid? - ANSWER>>Adequate folic acid intake
before conception can reduce incidence of congenital anomalies
Preconception care involves discussion of: - ANSWER>>- Pregnancy intention
- Access to care
- Use of folic acid
- Smoking cessation
- STIs
- Recreational/therapeutic drug use
- Mental health issues
Important discussion points with family about pregnancy - ANSWER>>- Healthy
weight
- Glycemic control
- Use of teratogenic medications
- Family history
- Chronic illnesses
Prenatal care is a good example of: - ANSWER>>Primary prevention
Who provides prenatal care? - ANSWER>>- Obstetricians
- Family MD
- Registered Midwives (RM)
- NPs
- Nurse assists HCP in evaluating the expectant family's physical, social needs and
can provide teaching about women's self care
Major goals of prenatal care - ANSWER>>- Promote health of mother, fetus,
newborn and family
- Ensure safe birth for mother and child by promoting good health habits and
reducing risk factors
- Teach health habits that may be continued after pregnancy
- Educate regarding self care for pregnancy
,- Develop partnership with parents and family to provide continuous coordinated
health care
- Provide physical care
- Prepare parents for responsibilities of parenthood
Major roles of nurses during prenatal care - ANSWER>>- Collecting data from
pregnant women
- Identifying/re-evaluating risk factors
- Educating in self care
- Providing nutrition counselling
- Promoting woman and family's adaptation to pregnancy
*Documenting abnormal data such as high BP must be followed by
documentation of intervention/referral for follow up care*
Gravida - ANSWER>>- Any pregnancy regardless of duration including one in
progress
- # Of pregnancies
Nulligravida - ANSWER>>- Woman that has never been pregnant
Primigravida - ANSWER>>- Woman pregnant for first time
Multigravida - ANSWER>>- Woman who has been pregnant before, regardless of
duration of pregnancy
Parity - ANSWER>>- # of pregnancies that have reached 20wks gestation,
regardless of # of fetus born and regardless of whether these children are now
living
Primipara - ANSWER>>- Woman who has given birth to her first child (past point
of viability), regardless of whether child was alive at birth or is now living
- Used informally to describe woman before birth of first child
, Multipara - ANSWER>>- Woman who has given birth to 2+ children (past point of
viability) regardless of whether children were alive at birth or are presently alive
- Also used informally to describe woman before birth of her 2nd child
Nullipara - ANSWER>>- Woman who has not given birth to a viable child (22wks
gestation)
Abortion - ANSWER>>- Premature termination of pregnancy
- Either spontaneous or induced
Gestational age - ANSWER>>- Prenatal age of developing fetus calculated from
first day of woman's LMP
Age of viability - ANSWER>>- Fetus that has reached the stage where it's capable
of living outside uterus (approx 22wks)
What is the GTPAL system? - ANSWER>>- Standardized way to describe woman's
detailed obstetrical history on her prenatal record
- Gravida # increases by 1 each time woman is pregnant
- Para # only increases when woman has a pregnancy that lasts 20wks gestation
GTPAL - ANSWER>>- G: # of all pregnancies (including current)
- T: # of term infants born (after at least 37wks)
- P: # of preterm infants born (after 20wks, before 37wks)
- A: # of pregnancies absorbed before 20wks (spontaneous or induced)
- L: # of children now living
Katie Fields is pregnant for the 4th time. She has had 1 child at 34 weeks, 1 at 39
weeks and 1 miscarriage at 12weeks. What is her GTPAL? - ANSWER>>- G: 4
- T: 1
- P: 1
- A: 1
- L: 2
