MUS 327 FINAL EXAM FALL SESSION GRADED A+
Lieder - ANSWER: The plural of lied, the German word for "song." It refers to art
songs in German mainly from the nineteenth century. The most notable composer of
the word was Franz Schubert.
Strophic variations - ANSWER: melody of the first stanza is varied but the harmonic
plan remains the same
Bel Canto opera - ANSWER: Opera composed by Rossini, Bellini, and Donizetti; the
last opera buffa
The prevailing vocal ideal in solo vocal music from the Baroque forward. Bel canto
singing values long phrases, technical virtuosity in matters of speed and register, and
carefully cultivated beauty.
scena ed aria - ANSWER: soloist's aria in Italian Romantic opera following a two part
structure large number
Pentatonic melody - ANSWER: Melody with 5 scale degrees. For major keys it's 1 2 3
5 6.
Romanticism common themes - ANSWER: Love, death, religion, the supernatural,
politics, and nature.
Love-Unrequited, hopeless, or even fatal. Prototype was Goethe's Sturm und Drang
novel Die Leiden des jungen Werthers
Death- mystery of death, inspiring fear, awe, or even triumph. Longing for death-
paradox of fulfillment that was fatal to the person who attained it.
Religion- mystical, Roman Catholics,
Supernatural- Faust, the protagonist of Goethe's epochal drama, who traded his soul
for occult knowledge and power.
Politics- Movements, wars and battles, glorification of sacrifice on the battlefield.
Nature- Presented a conflict with or threat to human life. Storm, inner storm of
emotion in the Romantic soul, peacefulness in nature symbolized inner peace.
industrial revolution - ANSWER: Made much of the manual labor that had occupied
the entire lives of the lower class obsolete and extended a comfortable life to more
people than ever before. Transportation got better with the steamship, and
electricity made communication and power more available. The photographic
process made it possible to reproduce visual works.
organic unity - ANSWER: A condition in which the components of art (subject, form,
and content) are completely interdependent. Though not a guarantee of
"greatness," the resulting wholeness is vital to a successful work.
The concept that all parts of a work are interrelated and interconnected, with each
part reflecting and helping to support the central idea
, Novel - ANSWER: The Romantic period was a time of great flowering for this literary
genre. Beyond having a plot like a drama, it also features a narrator, whose presence
can project a point of view on the characters and action. It is this sense of the
"voice," the individual behind the work, that marks the difference between the
Enlightenment and Romanticism.
Ludwig van Beethoven - ANSWER: This pianist was considered the master of
Romanticism music
Came from a poor family and rose to prominence with music. Became deaf and
considered suicide but wanted to reach his artistic goals. 1st period: mastered
musical language and genre of his time, reflects Haydn & Mozart. 2nd period: Heroic,
Romantic, style of 19th century. 3rd Introspective complex harmonies, difficult to
play or comprehend.
bildungsroman - ANSWER: A German term, meaning "formation novel," for a novel
about a child or adolescent's development into maturity, with special focus on the
protagonist's quest for identity. James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
is a notable example.
Heiligenstadt Testament - ANSWER: a letter written by Ludwig van Beethoven to his
brothers Carl and Johann at Heiligenstadt (today part of Vienna) on 6 October
1802.It reflects his despair over his increasing deafness and his desire to overcome
his physical and emotional ailments to complete his artistic destiny.
Karl Friedrich Zelter - ANSWER: Berlin composer and music director, leader of 2nd
Berlin school and good friend of Goethe. Composed lied, poetry before music. Music
should support text, not interpret it.
volkston - ANSWER: folk song
volkstümlichkeit - ANSWER: Importance of German folk music and tradition.
Franz Schubert - ANSWER: (1797-1828) Viennese composer that altered
development of lied, idolized Beethoven, more songs became well known, theatrical
works unsuccessful, instrumental works not all published during his life
A nineteenth-century Austrian composer. Like Ludwig van Beethoven, he composed
during the transition from classic to romantic period in music. He is known especially
for his song cycles (leider), usually written for solo voice and piano accompaniment.
His best known instrumental works are the "Unfinished" symphony and the "Trout"
quintet.
Robert Schumann - ANSWER: Born in Germany; Composer and music scholar/critic;
Married Clara Wiecki, a virtuoso pianist and composer; Wrote symphonies, chamber
music, short piano works, lieder- traditional style; championed the works of Brahms
(more to come); In later life, suffered from debilitating mental disorder
Lieder - ANSWER: The plural of lied, the German word for "song." It refers to art
songs in German mainly from the nineteenth century. The most notable composer of
the word was Franz Schubert.
Strophic variations - ANSWER: melody of the first stanza is varied but the harmonic
plan remains the same
Bel Canto opera - ANSWER: Opera composed by Rossini, Bellini, and Donizetti; the
last opera buffa
The prevailing vocal ideal in solo vocal music from the Baroque forward. Bel canto
singing values long phrases, technical virtuosity in matters of speed and register, and
carefully cultivated beauty.
scena ed aria - ANSWER: soloist's aria in Italian Romantic opera following a two part
structure large number
Pentatonic melody - ANSWER: Melody with 5 scale degrees. For major keys it's 1 2 3
5 6.
Romanticism common themes - ANSWER: Love, death, religion, the supernatural,
politics, and nature.
Love-Unrequited, hopeless, or even fatal. Prototype was Goethe's Sturm und Drang
novel Die Leiden des jungen Werthers
Death- mystery of death, inspiring fear, awe, or even triumph. Longing for death-
paradox of fulfillment that was fatal to the person who attained it.
Religion- mystical, Roman Catholics,
Supernatural- Faust, the protagonist of Goethe's epochal drama, who traded his soul
for occult knowledge and power.
Politics- Movements, wars and battles, glorification of sacrifice on the battlefield.
Nature- Presented a conflict with or threat to human life. Storm, inner storm of
emotion in the Romantic soul, peacefulness in nature symbolized inner peace.
industrial revolution - ANSWER: Made much of the manual labor that had occupied
the entire lives of the lower class obsolete and extended a comfortable life to more
people than ever before. Transportation got better with the steamship, and
electricity made communication and power more available. The photographic
process made it possible to reproduce visual works.
organic unity - ANSWER: A condition in which the components of art (subject, form,
and content) are completely interdependent. Though not a guarantee of
"greatness," the resulting wholeness is vital to a successful work.
The concept that all parts of a work are interrelated and interconnected, with each
part reflecting and helping to support the central idea
, Novel - ANSWER: The Romantic period was a time of great flowering for this literary
genre. Beyond having a plot like a drama, it also features a narrator, whose presence
can project a point of view on the characters and action. It is this sense of the
"voice," the individual behind the work, that marks the difference between the
Enlightenment and Romanticism.
Ludwig van Beethoven - ANSWER: This pianist was considered the master of
Romanticism music
Came from a poor family and rose to prominence with music. Became deaf and
considered suicide but wanted to reach his artistic goals. 1st period: mastered
musical language and genre of his time, reflects Haydn & Mozart. 2nd period: Heroic,
Romantic, style of 19th century. 3rd Introspective complex harmonies, difficult to
play or comprehend.
bildungsroman - ANSWER: A German term, meaning "formation novel," for a novel
about a child or adolescent's development into maturity, with special focus on the
protagonist's quest for identity. James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
is a notable example.
Heiligenstadt Testament - ANSWER: a letter written by Ludwig van Beethoven to his
brothers Carl and Johann at Heiligenstadt (today part of Vienna) on 6 October
1802.It reflects his despair over his increasing deafness and his desire to overcome
his physical and emotional ailments to complete his artistic destiny.
Karl Friedrich Zelter - ANSWER: Berlin composer and music director, leader of 2nd
Berlin school and good friend of Goethe. Composed lied, poetry before music. Music
should support text, not interpret it.
volkston - ANSWER: folk song
volkstümlichkeit - ANSWER: Importance of German folk music and tradition.
Franz Schubert - ANSWER: (1797-1828) Viennese composer that altered
development of lied, idolized Beethoven, more songs became well known, theatrical
works unsuccessful, instrumental works not all published during his life
A nineteenth-century Austrian composer. Like Ludwig van Beethoven, he composed
during the transition from classic to romantic period in music. He is known especially
for his song cycles (leider), usually written for solo voice and piano accompaniment.
His best known instrumental works are the "Unfinished" symphony and the "Trout"
quintet.
Robert Schumann - ANSWER: Born in Germany; Composer and music scholar/critic;
Married Clara Wiecki, a virtuoso pianist and composer; Wrote symphonies, chamber
music, short piano works, lieder- traditional style; championed the works of Brahms
(more to come); In later life, suffered from debilitating mental disorder
