HESI GERIATRICS Questions With Rationale And
Correct Answers Latest Version (A+Graded)
disengagement theory - ANSWER: progressive social disengagement occurs with
aging
*psychosocial theory
activity theory - ANSWER: "successful aging"
Maintaining a high level of activity and involvement
-measured by individuals satisfaction with life
*psychosocial theory
pacemaker theory - ANSWER: programmed decline or cessation of many
components occurs in the nervous and endocrine systems
*biologic theory
immunity theory - ANSWER: Programmed accumulation of damage and decline in
immune system - "immunossenescence"
Oxidative stress - damage
*biologic theory
wear and tear theory - ANSWER: after repeated use damaged cells in body structures
wear out from harmful effects of internal and external stressors, free radicals
*biologic theory
programmed theory - ANSWER: "biological clock"
starts at conception
-genetic program determines changes as one ages
*biologic theory
erik eriksons theory - ANSWER: 8 stages of developmental tasks thru out life span
-8th stage is integrity versus despair
*developmental theory
maslows theory - ANSWER: hierarchy of needs ranks an individuals needs from most
basic to complex
-physiologic
-safety & security
-love & belonging
-self esteem
-self actualization
physiologic changes of aging - ANSWER: 1. aging affects every cell in every organ, but
not same rate
2. -loss in compensatory reserve
-loss in efficiency of body repairing damaged tissue
, -deceased immune system processes
3. disease not always present with classic signs & symptoms
4. physiologic changes increase rapidly with increasing age
5. Influenced by genetic makeup & environment
health maintenance factors for older adult - ANSWER: -physical activity to reduce
blood pressure
-increases aerobic capacity & nutrition
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older female client with a 20 year history of
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who is admitted for carpel tunnel release. Which finding
associated with RA should the PN document? - ANSWER: Small joint involvement
A frail elderly client is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Which
finding is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to report to the healthcare
provider? - ANSWER: Confusion and dehydration
The home health practical nurse (PN) visits an older female client with an ileal
conduit who has been experiencing chronic urinary tract infections (UTI). Which
intervention should the PN recommend the client do to manage the frequency of
UTIs? - ANSWER: Attaching a larger bag while sleeping
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older female with Raynaud's phenomenon.
Which exposure should the PN instruct the client to avoid? - ANSWER: cold climates
The home health practical nurse (PN) is changing an older client's wet to dry
dressing. Which observation should the PN evaluate as a therapeutic response with
the removal of the dry dressing? - ANSWER: debridement by removing exudate
An older female client recently moved to an assisted living facility. The family explain
to the practical nurse (PN) that the client is unmanageable and always confused,
disoriented, and depressed. The client asks the PN repeatedly, "Where am I?" How
should the PN respond? - ANSWER: Reality re-orientation, explain she's in a new
home called an assistive living facility
An older female client who is 3 days postoperative for a right hip repair is admitted
to the rehabilitation center for strengthening in activities of daily living (ADL). The
practical nurse (PN) is mobilizing the client to go to physical therapy (PT). Which
action should the PN implement first? - ANSWER: direct client to use the overhead
trapeze
An older male client is admitted for emergency treatment of acute closed-angle
glaucoma. The practical nurse (PN) begins administering the prescribed miotic
medications and glycerin (Glycol) therapy. Which intervention is most important for
the PN to maintain during the client's therapy? - ANSWER: monitor intake and
output
Correct Answers Latest Version (A+Graded)
disengagement theory - ANSWER: progressive social disengagement occurs with
aging
*psychosocial theory
activity theory - ANSWER: "successful aging"
Maintaining a high level of activity and involvement
-measured by individuals satisfaction with life
*psychosocial theory
pacemaker theory - ANSWER: programmed decline or cessation of many
components occurs in the nervous and endocrine systems
*biologic theory
immunity theory - ANSWER: Programmed accumulation of damage and decline in
immune system - "immunossenescence"
Oxidative stress - damage
*biologic theory
wear and tear theory - ANSWER: after repeated use damaged cells in body structures
wear out from harmful effects of internal and external stressors, free radicals
*biologic theory
programmed theory - ANSWER: "biological clock"
starts at conception
-genetic program determines changes as one ages
*biologic theory
erik eriksons theory - ANSWER: 8 stages of developmental tasks thru out life span
-8th stage is integrity versus despair
*developmental theory
maslows theory - ANSWER: hierarchy of needs ranks an individuals needs from most
basic to complex
-physiologic
-safety & security
-love & belonging
-self esteem
-self actualization
physiologic changes of aging - ANSWER: 1. aging affects every cell in every organ, but
not same rate
2. -loss in compensatory reserve
-loss in efficiency of body repairing damaged tissue
, -deceased immune system processes
3. disease not always present with classic signs & symptoms
4. physiologic changes increase rapidly with increasing age
5. Influenced by genetic makeup & environment
health maintenance factors for older adult - ANSWER: -physical activity to reduce
blood pressure
-increases aerobic capacity & nutrition
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older female client with a 20 year history of
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who is admitted for carpel tunnel release. Which finding
associated with RA should the PN document? - ANSWER: Small joint involvement
A frail elderly client is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of pneumonia. Which
finding is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to report to the healthcare
provider? - ANSWER: Confusion and dehydration
The home health practical nurse (PN) visits an older female client with an ileal
conduit who has been experiencing chronic urinary tract infections (UTI). Which
intervention should the PN recommend the client do to manage the frequency of
UTIs? - ANSWER: Attaching a larger bag while sleeping
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for an older female with Raynaud's phenomenon.
Which exposure should the PN instruct the client to avoid? - ANSWER: cold climates
The home health practical nurse (PN) is changing an older client's wet to dry
dressing. Which observation should the PN evaluate as a therapeutic response with
the removal of the dry dressing? - ANSWER: debridement by removing exudate
An older female client recently moved to an assisted living facility. The family explain
to the practical nurse (PN) that the client is unmanageable and always confused,
disoriented, and depressed. The client asks the PN repeatedly, "Where am I?" How
should the PN respond? - ANSWER: Reality re-orientation, explain she's in a new
home called an assistive living facility
An older female client who is 3 days postoperative for a right hip repair is admitted
to the rehabilitation center for strengthening in activities of daily living (ADL). The
practical nurse (PN) is mobilizing the client to go to physical therapy (PT). Which
action should the PN implement first? - ANSWER: direct client to use the overhead
trapeze
An older male client is admitted for emergency treatment of acute closed-angle
glaucoma. The practical nurse (PN) begins administering the prescribed miotic
medications and glycerin (Glycol) therapy. Which intervention is most important for
the PN to maintain during the client's therapy? - ANSWER: monitor intake and
output
