COMPLETE Bio 93 MIDTERM 2 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 2024 UPDATED

What is a metabolic pathway? A pathway that a molecule goes through, resulting in a specific product. What is metabolism? The totality of an organisms chemical reactions Gibbs free energy Portion of a system that can perform work when temp and pressure are uniform throughout the system. What is a way to show a change in free energy? What does a negative Delta G mean? A spontaneous process What does spontaneous mean? Means that a process will occur. What happens to the energy in a exergonic reaction? It is released What happens to the energy in an endergonic reaction? It is consumed in the reaction. True or False A cell must have endergonic and exergonic reactions True Is ATP Hydrolysis an exergonic or endergonic reaction? Exergonic Mechanical and Transport work is what kind of reactions? Endergonic Why does ATP hydrolysis release so much energy? All 3 phosphate groups ate neg. charged, so there is mutual repulsion within all of them What do enzymes do? Lower energy barriers to drive chemical reactions What does the suffix -ase usually mean? An enzyme How does an exergonic energy profile look like? Enzymes are biological ___________ Catalysts What is the site of cellular respiration in all eukaryotic cells? Mitochondria In Biology, what is another word for the addition of electrons to a substance? Reduction In Biology, what is another word for the loss of electrons to a substance? Oxidation What is cellular respiration? Catabolic reactions used to generate ATP Where does glycolysis happen? In the cytosol What is glycolysis? The breaking down of glucose into 2 molecules of a compound of pyruvate. What happens in the citric acid cycle? The breakdown of glucose to carbon dioxide is completed. What is stage 1 of cellular respiration? Glycolysis What is stage 2 of cellular respiration? Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle What is stage 3 of cellular respiration? Oxidative Phosphorylation What is the purpose of NADH? Transfers electrons from food to the electron transport chain.