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what is the molecular formula for homologous series of organic chemical
compounds
-alkanes c-c -->CnH2n+2
-Alkenes c =c -->CnH2n
-Alkynes -->CnH2n-2
analyse the shapes of molecules formed between carbon atoms when a single,
double or triple bond it formed
-4 single: tetrahedral
-1 double 2 single: planar
-2 double: linear
-triple and single: linear
explain the properties within and between the homologous series of alkane with
reference to the intermolecular and intramolecular bonding present
-BP/MP: dependent on size and shape of molecules and strength dispersion forces--
>length of HC increases, more dispersion forces, therefore mroe heat required, vice
Versa
-solubility:HC's non-polar-->therefore are non soluble in soluble substances e.g. water
-electrical conductivity: HC's do not have dipole charges or ionic charges-->therefore
don't conduct electricity
describe the procedures required to safely handle and dispose of organic
substances
-use SDS-->all chemicals stored in schools have an accompanying SDS which outlines
physical properties of each chemical, identifies potential hazards, gives precautions for
safe handling and disposal
-rsisks related to physical properities-->volatility, flashpoint, flammability, inhalation of
vapour, absoprtion through skin, ingestion
-prevention methods: safe storage protocols and safe disposal
examine the environmental, economic and socialcultural implications of
obstaining and using hydrocarbons from the earth
-mining and transport HC's-->e.g. Exxon Valez--oil covered 1800Km coastline, 25000
seabirds killed, 35000 jobs lost
-climate change-->combustion of fuels, ocean pH decrease
plastics-->pollution, impact on wildlife, biodegradable