ANCC AGACNP Adult Gerontology Acute Care Nurse
Practitioner Board EXAM 2024 LATEST VERIFIED EXAM
WITH ANSWERS 400 QUESTIONS
Lower uti are called - ANSWER: Cystits or urethritis
What are two causes of upper - ANSWER: Pylonephritis or renal abscess
What are several symptoms of a uti - ANSWER: Dysuria, frequency, nocturia,
hematuria,
If a male pt has symptoms of BPh what is first test ordered? - ANSWER: Urinalysis
What urinalysis finding is consistent with bacterial cystitis - ANSWER: >10 wbc ,
nitrates (specific) , esterase detection (sensitive), colony of bacteria 10^10
Abx treatment of uncomplicated cystitis - ANSWER: Nitrophentoin (best preg) Tmpx-
STC , fosfomycin or florqunilones
Symptoms of pyelonephrtits - ANSWER: Flank/back pain , fever ms change , n/v
Laboratory urinalysis findings of pylo - ANSWER: Whit blood cells , hyaline casts ,
elevated esr
Abx for complicated /upper uti - ANSWER: Ciproflaxcin( if not complicated) ,
complicated levofloxacin or ceftriaxone
What is abx for healthcare associates Upper UTI - ANSWER: Use antipsudomonal ,
cefepime , ampicillin, mero, tazo, aminoglycosyde
What is renal insufficientcy - ANSWER: Decrease of gfr caused by aging HTN DM
What is an AKI? - ANSWER: Sudden increase in creatine * 2 or reduction of GFR by
50% , or U/O reduction <.5ml/kg for 12 hrs
What is the RIFLE criteria? - ANSWER: Allows grading of kidney dysfunction based on
creatinine, GFR and urine output
What is kidney failure as defined by rifle criteria - ANSWER: CreTine *3 or GFR <75% ,
UO < .3 ml/kg for 24 hrs
What is kidney injury as defined by rifle criteria - ANSWER: Scr *3 or GFR>50% /up
less than .5ml/kg /hr for >12 hrs
What is kidney function esrd according to RIFLe - ANSWER: Complete loss of function
for >3hrs
,What is the serum bun creatinine ratio of pre renal failure as well as urine sodium
and Fena and specific gravity - ANSWER: >10:1 , <20, fena <1 , >1.015 (high)
What is the serum bun creatinine ratio of intra renal failure as well as urine sodium
and Fena and specific gravity - ANSWER: Normal 10:1 , >40 mil NA, <specific gravity
<1.015 , >3 Fena, byline casts
What is the serum bun creatinine ratio of post renal failure as well as urine sodium
and Fena and specific gravity - ANSWER: Similar to intra renal
What is the criteria for dyalsis - ANSWER: Acidosis , Electrolytes (k), toxins , volume
(pulm edema) , uremia (pericardial effusion)
What is anuria? - ANSWER: Less than 100 cc of urine in 24 hours
What is oliguria? - ANSWER: Less than 400 cc of urine in 24 hours
What is treatment for pre renal vs intra renal vs post - ANSWER: Expand
intravascular volume, reduce obstruction of hepatic congestion, stop nephrotoxic
drugs, treat infection , Remove obstruction
What is the most common age for renal calculi - ANSWER: 30 ur male
If pt has a stone what should be done prior to therapy ? - ANSWER: Strain urine to
differentiate types of stones
What are types of renal calculi? - ANSWER: Struvite stones , uric acid calcium stones ,
cystine stones
Calcium stones are ?? Renal calculi - ANSWER: Most common , men
Uric acid stones are ?? - ANSWER: Common on older men with gout
Struvite stones - ANSWER: Form in response to an infection, women most common
(magma/pho's)
Cystine stones - ANSWER: a rare cause of kidney stones that occur seen in children.
They are related to cystinuria.
Treatment is hydration and alkalinization of the urine.
They may *also form staghorn calculi.*
Symptoms of renal calculi - ANSWER: Pain in flank area, nausea, vomiting, decrease
in urine osmolarity , May radiate to testes or cause frequency or urgency if logged in
ureter
What is management of renal calculi - ANSWER: Analgesia and hydration
,What is the preferred analgesic for renal calculi - ANSWER: Morph /hydro /?torodol
(ketorlac) replan (metoclamide)
Lithotripsrbisbused for ? - ANSWER: Large renal calculi
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia? - ANSWER: Enlargement of the prostate that
occurs in the periurethral and transitional zones of the gland. For men older than 50
Dignostic tests for bph - ANSWER: Urinalysis (rule out uti) , PSA >4
What test should be ordered for a palpable prostate nodule or elevated psa -
ANSWER: Trans recital ultrasound
What drugs and their class can be used for bph ? - ANSWER: Alpha blockers ,
Terazosin,dutasteride
What is TURP? - ANSWER: transurethral resection of the prostate
What herbal can be used on BpH - ANSWER: Saw palmetto
What meds worsen Bph - ANSWER: Benadryl, Sudafed, Ssris, Afrin, diuretics , pain
meds
What percentage does gfr reduce per decade after 30 ? - ANSWER: 10%
What is normal male creatine clearance - ANSWER: 1.6-2.33
What is normal female creatine clearene - ANSWER: 1.45-2.18
What is maximum gfr and how can u calc creatine clearance - ANSWER: 140 -
age*body weight p
What is the most common illness for >65 yr pts - ANSWER: Uti
What is usually first sympt if gero uti - ANSWER: Confusion , weakness , in
continence
What are common gram - uti causes - ANSWER: E. coli, pseudomonas
What are common gram + causes of uti - ANSWER: Entericocus, s aureus , Step ,
staph
Normal CVP - ANSWER: 2-6
What causes increase in cvp - ANSWER: Fluid overload , cardiogenic shock ,
pulmonary htn/right hrt failure
, What is normal pulmonary arterial prsg - ANSWER: 15-25/5-15
What causes increase in pap - ANSWER: Hypervolemia/pul htn
What is normal pcwp /Paop - ANSWER: 6-12
What causes an increase in pcwp - ANSWER: Anything which jncreaes prsg in left
ventricle at end diastolic (fluid /diastolic failure )
What may cause low pcwp - ANSWER: Hypovolemia
What is normal co - ANSWER: 4-8 L/min
What is normal CI - ANSWER: 2.5-3.5L/min/M2
What is normal svr - ANSWER: 800-1200 dynes/sec/cm^-5
What is normal svo2 - ANSWER: 60-80%
What is a left ward shift as compared to right shift of hgb curve - ANSWER: Left is
more affinity (cold , sepsis, akolosi)
What is presentation of hypovolemic shock using laboratory parameters - ANSWER:
Low co, low cvp, low pcwp, high svr, low svo2
What is first treatment of hypovolemic shock - ANSWER: Crystalloids then blood if
bleeding
What are the lab Findings of cardiogenic shock - ANSWER: Decrease co, high cvp,
high pcwp, high svr, low svo2
What is treatment of cardiogenic shock and order of admin - ANSWER: Fluids,
vasopressors, nitro/for ishchemia and after load reduction.
What is distributive shock? What are the laboratory findings - ANSWER: massive
vasodilation of vascular bed causing maldistribution of blood ,
First high then low CO, then low cvp, low pcwp, low svr, high svo2
What is the first line treatment for distribution shock and what is the time line -
ANSWER: Fluid resus 30ml/kg and abx within one hour with cultures
What is the antibody finding of anaphylactic shock ? - ANSWER: IgE , allergen
mediated antibodies
Practitioner Board EXAM 2024 LATEST VERIFIED EXAM
WITH ANSWERS 400 QUESTIONS
Lower uti are called - ANSWER: Cystits or urethritis
What are two causes of upper - ANSWER: Pylonephritis or renal abscess
What are several symptoms of a uti - ANSWER: Dysuria, frequency, nocturia,
hematuria,
If a male pt has symptoms of BPh what is first test ordered? - ANSWER: Urinalysis
What urinalysis finding is consistent with bacterial cystitis - ANSWER: >10 wbc ,
nitrates (specific) , esterase detection (sensitive), colony of bacteria 10^10
Abx treatment of uncomplicated cystitis - ANSWER: Nitrophentoin (best preg) Tmpx-
STC , fosfomycin or florqunilones
Symptoms of pyelonephrtits - ANSWER: Flank/back pain , fever ms change , n/v
Laboratory urinalysis findings of pylo - ANSWER: Whit blood cells , hyaline casts ,
elevated esr
Abx for complicated /upper uti - ANSWER: Ciproflaxcin( if not complicated) ,
complicated levofloxacin or ceftriaxone
What is abx for healthcare associates Upper UTI - ANSWER: Use antipsudomonal ,
cefepime , ampicillin, mero, tazo, aminoglycosyde
What is renal insufficientcy - ANSWER: Decrease of gfr caused by aging HTN DM
What is an AKI? - ANSWER: Sudden increase in creatine * 2 or reduction of GFR by
50% , or U/O reduction <.5ml/kg for 12 hrs
What is the RIFLE criteria? - ANSWER: Allows grading of kidney dysfunction based on
creatinine, GFR and urine output
What is kidney failure as defined by rifle criteria - ANSWER: CreTine *3 or GFR <75% ,
UO < .3 ml/kg for 24 hrs
What is kidney injury as defined by rifle criteria - ANSWER: Scr *3 or GFR>50% /up
less than .5ml/kg /hr for >12 hrs
What is kidney function esrd according to RIFLe - ANSWER: Complete loss of function
for >3hrs
,What is the serum bun creatinine ratio of pre renal failure as well as urine sodium
and Fena and specific gravity - ANSWER: >10:1 , <20, fena <1 , >1.015 (high)
What is the serum bun creatinine ratio of intra renal failure as well as urine sodium
and Fena and specific gravity - ANSWER: Normal 10:1 , >40 mil NA, <specific gravity
<1.015 , >3 Fena, byline casts
What is the serum bun creatinine ratio of post renal failure as well as urine sodium
and Fena and specific gravity - ANSWER: Similar to intra renal
What is the criteria for dyalsis - ANSWER: Acidosis , Electrolytes (k), toxins , volume
(pulm edema) , uremia (pericardial effusion)
What is anuria? - ANSWER: Less than 100 cc of urine in 24 hours
What is oliguria? - ANSWER: Less than 400 cc of urine in 24 hours
What is treatment for pre renal vs intra renal vs post - ANSWER: Expand
intravascular volume, reduce obstruction of hepatic congestion, stop nephrotoxic
drugs, treat infection , Remove obstruction
What is the most common age for renal calculi - ANSWER: 30 ur male
If pt has a stone what should be done prior to therapy ? - ANSWER: Strain urine to
differentiate types of stones
What are types of renal calculi? - ANSWER: Struvite stones , uric acid calcium stones ,
cystine stones
Calcium stones are ?? Renal calculi - ANSWER: Most common , men
Uric acid stones are ?? - ANSWER: Common on older men with gout
Struvite stones - ANSWER: Form in response to an infection, women most common
(magma/pho's)
Cystine stones - ANSWER: a rare cause of kidney stones that occur seen in children.
They are related to cystinuria.
Treatment is hydration and alkalinization of the urine.
They may *also form staghorn calculi.*
Symptoms of renal calculi - ANSWER: Pain in flank area, nausea, vomiting, decrease
in urine osmolarity , May radiate to testes or cause frequency or urgency if logged in
ureter
What is management of renal calculi - ANSWER: Analgesia and hydration
,What is the preferred analgesic for renal calculi - ANSWER: Morph /hydro /?torodol
(ketorlac) replan (metoclamide)
Lithotripsrbisbused for ? - ANSWER: Large renal calculi
What is benign prostatic hyperplasia? - ANSWER: Enlargement of the prostate that
occurs in the periurethral and transitional zones of the gland. For men older than 50
Dignostic tests for bph - ANSWER: Urinalysis (rule out uti) , PSA >4
What test should be ordered for a palpable prostate nodule or elevated psa -
ANSWER: Trans recital ultrasound
What drugs and their class can be used for bph ? - ANSWER: Alpha blockers ,
Terazosin,dutasteride
What is TURP? - ANSWER: transurethral resection of the prostate
What herbal can be used on BpH - ANSWER: Saw palmetto
What meds worsen Bph - ANSWER: Benadryl, Sudafed, Ssris, Afrin, diuretics , pain
meds
What percentage does gfr reduce per decade after 30 ? - ANSWER: 10%
What is normal male creatine clearance - ANSWER: 1.6-2.33
What is normal female creatine clearene - ANSWER: 1.45-2.18
What is maximum gfr and how can u calc creatine clearance - ANSWER: 140 -
age*body weight p
What is the most common illness for >65 yr pts - ANSWER: Uti
What is usually first sympt if gero uti - ANSWER: Confusion , weakness , in
continence
What are common gram - uti causes - ANSWER: E. coli, pseudomonas
What are common gram + causes of uti - ANSWER: Entericocus, s aureus , Step ,
staph
Normal CVP - ANSWER: 2-6
What causes increase in cvp - ANSWER: Fluid overload , cardiogenic shock ,
pulmonary htn/right hrt failure
, What is normal pulmonary arterial prsg - ANSWER: 15-25/5-15
What causes increase in pap - ANSWER: Hypervolemia/pul htn
What is normal pcwp /Paop - ANSWER: 6-12
What causes an increase in pcwp - ANSWER: Anything which jncreaes prsg in left
ventricle at end diastolic (fluid /diastolic failure )
What may cause low pcwp - ANSWER: Hypovolemia
What is normal co - ANSWER: 4-8 L/min
What is normal CI - ANSWER: 2.5-3.5L/min/M2
What is normal svr - ANSWER: 800-1200 dynes/sec/cm^-5
What is normal svo2 - ANSWER: 60-80%
What is a left ward shift as compared to right shift of hgb curve - ANSWER: Left is
more affinity (cold , sepsis, akolosi)
What is presentation of hypovolemic shock using laboratory parameters - ANSWER:
Low co, low cvp, low pcwp, high svr, low svo2
What is first treatment of hypovolemic shock - ANSWER: Crystalloids then blood if
bleeding
What are the lab Findings of cardiogenic shock - ANSWER: Decrease co, high cvp,
high pcwp, high svr, low svo2
What is treatment of cardiogenic shock and order of admin - ANSWER: Fluids,
vasopressors, nitro/for ishchemia and after load reduction.
What is distributive shock? What are the laboratory findings - ANSWER: massive
vasodilation of vascular bed causing maldistribution of blood ,
First high then low CO, then low cvp, low pcwp, low svr, high svo2
What is the first line treatment for distribution shock and what is the time line -
ANSWER: Fluid resus 30ml/kg and abx within one hour with cultures
What is the antibody finding of anaphylactic shock ? - ANSWER: IgE , allergen
mediated antibodies
