NSG 3032 Pharmacotherapeutics II EXAM 1 LATEST
2024/2025 SOUTH UNIVERSITY WITH RATIONALE
What are the IV antifungal agents? - ANSWER: (V-FIP)
1. voriconazole
2. fluconazole
3. isvuconazole
4. posaconazole
What are the three most effective contraceptives? - ANSWER: 1. Nexplanon implant
2. Mirena IUD 3. Depo Vera injection
What are the advantages of using combined oral contraceptives? (11) - ANSWER: *
Benefits to the menstrual cycle (6)
- Increased regularity of menstrual cycle
- Less dysmenorrhea
- Lighter flow
- Less anemia
- Fewer ovarian cysts
- Less PMS
*Decreased risk of (5)
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Endometriosis
- Fibrocystic breast disease
- Acne
- Endometrial and ovarian cancer
Side effects of estrogen excess? (2) - ANSWER: 1. Nausea
2. Breast tenderness
Side effects of progestin excess? - ANSWER: Weight gain
What are the clinical uses of estrogen? (2) - ANSWER: - Contraception
- Post-menopausal HRT
What are the clinical uses of progesterone? (6) - ANSWER: (CHIDED)
1. Contraception
2. Hormone deficiency
3. Infertility
4. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
5. Endometriosis
6. Dysmenorrhea
What are some of the ADRs associated with progesterone? - ANSWER: Some
progesterone OCs have androgenic activity
- Oily skin
,- Acne
- Hirsutism
Is progesterone a more or less effective contraceptive compared to estrogen? In
what cases would we prefer a progesterone only contraceptive? - ANSWER: -
Progesterone is a less effective contraceptive compared to estrogen
- Use progesterone only contraceptive
1. Breastfeeding women
2. Hx of blood clots
3. >/= 35 and smokers
What conditions would we avoid OCs and what would be an alternative? - ANSWER:
1. Thromboembolic disease
2. CAD
3. CVD
4. Severe congenital hyperlipidemia
5. Breast cancer/estrogen dependent cancer
6. Undiagnosed uterine bleeding
7. Hx of hepatic tumors/ active liver disease
8. Pregnancy prior to 21 days post-partum
9. Heavy smokers
10. Migraines w/ focal neurological sx
Alternative: Depo Provera
What COCs are approved for Tx of acne? (3) - ANSWER: 1. Yaz/Beyaz
2. Ortho TriCyclen
3. Estrostep
What COCs do not cause weight gain? (4) - ANSWER: 1. Yaz/Beyaz
2. Ortho TriCyclin Lo
3. Ortho Novum 7/7/7
4. COCs w/ Norethindrone, Norgestimate & EE
What are the prominent mood disorders that are linked to Sx surrounding a patients
menstrual cycle?
- How are they treated? - ANSWER: 1. Depression
2. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
PDD = Severe anxiety, irritability, and moodiness present in the last 5-10 days of the
menstrual cycle and are relieved w/ menstruation
Tx:
1. SSRIs, Sarafem, Fluoxetine = for mood sx
2. Yaz/Beyaz = for physical sx
What are the names of the 28 day pills?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Progestin only
pills - recommended for breastfeeding women
- Micronor, Nor-QD (Norethindrone 0.35mcg)
, - Irregular menses and amenorrhea are common
What is the name of the 21 day pills?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Yasmin
EE30/drospirenone 3 (drospirenone - decrease bloating, weight gain, acne)
- 21 days on, 7 days off
- Period during the 7 off days?
What are the names of the 24 day pills?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Yaz
20EE/drospirenone 3 (drospirenone - decrease bloating, weight gain, acne)
Beyaz 20EE/drospirenone 3/451 levomefolate
Safyral 30EE/drospirenone 3/451 levomefolate
(Beyaz, Safyral - Tx PPMD, acne)
- 24 days on, 4 days off
- Period during the 4 off days?
What are the 24-84 day pills called?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Mono, Bi, Tri,
Quadriphasic, Extended Cycle
- Shorter, lighter, less frequent periods
What is the injectable contraceptive called?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Depo-provera
(Medroxyprogesterone Acetate) - inject every 3 months
- No true periods, only spotting
What is the name of the implanted contraceptive?
- Do you still get your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Nexplanon
- No true periods, lots of spotting
What is the name of the patch contraceptive?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Xulane patch
- 3 weeks on, 7 days off
- Period during the 7 off days?
What is the name of the ring contraceptive?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Nuvaring
- Worn for 3 weeks, out for 1 week
- Period during 7 off days?
What are the progesterone IUDs?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Mirena, Liletta,
Skyla
- Remain in place 3-5 years
- Shorter, lighter periods
2024/2025 SOUTH UNIVERSITY WITH RATIONALE
What are the IV antifungal agents? - ANSWER: (V-FIP)
1. voriconazole
2. fluconazole
3. isvuconazole
4. posaconazole
What are the three most effective contraceptives? - ANSWER: 1. Nexplanon implant
2. Mirena IUD 3. Depo Vera injection
What are the advantages of using combined oral contraceptives? (11) - ANSWER: *
Benefits to the menstrual cycle (6)
- Increased regularity of menstrual cycle
- Less dysmenorrhea
- Lighter flow
- Less anemia
- Fewer ovarian cysts
- Less PMS
*Decreased risk of (5)
- Ectopic pregnancy
- Endometriosis
- Fibrocystic breast disease
- Acne
- Endometrial and ovarian cancer
Side effects of estrogen excess? (2) - ANSWER: 1. Nausea
2. Breast tenderness
Side effects of progestin excess? - ANSWER: Weight gain
What are the clinical uses of estrogen? (2) - ANSWER: - Contraception
- Post-menopausal HRT
What are the clinical uses of progesterone? (6) - ANSWER: (CHIDED)
1. Contraception
2. Hormone deficiency
3. Infertility
4. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
5. Endometriosis
6. Dysmenorrhea
What are some of the ADRs associated with progesterone? - ANSWER: Some
progesterone OCs have androgenic activity
- Oily skin
,- Acne
- Hirsutism
Is progesterone a more or less effective contraceptive compared to estrogen? In
what cases would we prefer a progesterone only contraceptive? - ANSWER: -
Progesterone is a less effective contraceptive compared to estrogen
- Use progesterone only contraceptive
1. Breastfeeding women
2. Hx of blood clots
3. >/= 35 and smokers
What conditions would we avoid OCs and what would be an alternative? - ANSWER:
1. Thromboembolic disease
2. CAD
3. CVD
4. Severe congenital hyperlipidemia
5. Breast cancer/estrogen dependent cancer
6. Undiagnosed uterine bleeding
7. Hx of hepatic tumors/ active liver disease
8. Pregnancy prior to 21 days post-partum
9. Heavy smokers
10. Migraines w/ focal neurological sx
Alternative: Depo Provera
What COCs are approved for Tx of acne? (3) - ANSWER: 1. Yaz/Beyaz
2. Ortho TriCyclen
3. Estrostep
What COCs do not cause weight gain? (4) - ANSWER: 1. Yaz/Beyaz
2. Ortho TriCyclin Lo
3. Ortho Novum 7/7/7
4. COCs w/ Norethindrone, Norgestimate & EE
What are the prominent mood disorders that are linked to Sx surrounding a patients
menstrual cycle?
- How are they treated? - ANSWER: 1. Depression
2. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
PDD = Severe anxiety, irritability, and moodiness present in the last 5-10 days of the
menstrual cycle and are relieved w/ menstruation
Tx:
1. SSRIs, Sarafem, Fluoxetine = for mood sx
2. Yaz/Beyaz = for physical sx
What are the names of the 28 day pills?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Progestin only
pills - recommended for breastfeeding women
- Micronor, Nor-QD (Norethindrone 0.35mcg)
, - Irregular menses and amenorrhea are common
What is the name of the 21 day pills?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Yasmin
EE30/drospirenone 3 (drospirenone - decrease bloating, weight gain, acne)
- 21 days on, 7 days off
- Period during the 7 off days?
What are the names of the 24 day pills?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Yaz
20EE/drospirenone 3 (drospirenone - decrease bloating, weight gain, acne)
Beyaz 20EE/drospirenone 3/451 levomefolate
Safyral 30EE/drospirenone 3/451 levomefolate
(Beyaz, Safyral - Tx PPMD, acne)
- 24 days on, 4 days off
- Period during the 4 off days?
What are the 24-84 day pills called?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Mono, Bi, Tri,
Quadriphasic, Extended Cycle
- Shorter, lighter, less frequent periods
What is the injectable contraceptive called?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Depo-provera
(Medroxyprogesterone Acetate) - inject every 3 months
- No true periods, only spotting
What is the name of the implanted contraceptive?
- Do you still get your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Nexplanon
- No true periods, lots of spotting
What is the name of the patch contraceptive?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Xulane patch
- 3 weeks on, 7 days off
- Period during the 7 off days?
What is the name of the ring contraceptive?
- Do you still have your period on it, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Nuvaring
- Worn for 3 weeks, out for 1 week
- Period during 7 off days?
What are the progesterone IUDs?
- Do you still have your period on them, if so, how often? - ANSWER: Mirena, Liletta,
Skyla
- Remain in place 3-5 years
- Shorter, lighter periods
