Maternal OB Exam 2 2024/2025 question and Answer
Accurate Fall- Spring Session [ Labor and Birth Process]
dystocia - ANSWER: abnormal or difficult labor
hypertonic uterine dysfunction - ANSWER: uncoordinated uterine activity,
contractions are frequent and painful but ineffective in promoting dilation and
effacement
uterine tachysystole - ANSWER: when there are greater than 5 uterine contractions
in 10 minutes
hypotonic uterine dysfunction - ANSWER: contractions of the uterus during labor
that are too weak to be effective; often occurs with uterine stimulation
precipitous labor&birth - ANSWER: characterized by labor that can last as little as 3
hours and is typically less than 5 hours.
cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) - ANSWER: condition preventing normal delivery
through the birth canal; either the baby's head is too large or the birth canal is too
small
malposition - ANSWER: related to occipitoposterior posterior (ROP or LOP) baby is
turned backwards, mother will complain of back pain. Mother changes position
trying to get the fetus to flip or move. May try manual moving of the fetus if the
dilation is enough
malpresentation - ANSWER: Encompasses any fetal presentation other than vertex,
including breech, face, brow, shoulder, and compound presentations
abnormal position of a fetus just before parturition
preterm labor - ANSWER: Occurs after the 20th week but before the 37th week of
gestation.
prolonged pregnancy - ANSWER: A pregnancy that lasts longer than 42 weeks
large for gestational age (LGA) - ANSWER: a baby whose weight is above the 90th
percentile for their age
labor augmentation - ANSWER: The stimulation of uterine contractions when
spontaneous contractions have failed to result in progressive cervical dilation or
descent of the fetus.
labor induction - ANSWER: A procedure in which a hormone is administered in order
to initiate uterine contractions leading to labor and delivery
, bishop score - ANSWER: used to determine the maternal readiness for labor by
evaluating if the cervix is favorable by rating the following: 1. cervical dilation 2.
cervical effacement 3. cervical consistency (firm, medium or soft) 4. cervical position
(posterior), midposition, or anterior) 5. presenting part station; The five factors are
assigned a numerical value of 0-3, the total score is calculated and a score of 8
readiness for labor induction.
amniotomy - ANSWER: ARTIFICIAL RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES (AROM). Indicated to
induce labor or augment labor if the progress begins to slow
cervical ripening - ANSWER: Softening of the cervix that typically begins prior to labor
and is necessary for cervical dilation and passage of the fetus
vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) - ANSWER: A term used to describe labor and
vaginal birth in a woman who has had a prior C-section. According to the American
Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), most women with 1 prior
cesarean section with a low transverse incision are candidates for VBAC
prolapsed umbilical cord - ANSWER: when the umbilical cord presents first and is
squeezed between the vaginal wall and the baby's head
uterine rupture - ANSWER: sudden onset vaginal bleeding, constant abdominal pain,
cessation of uterine contractions, palpable fetal parts, fetal deterioration
amniotic fluid embolism - ANSWER: rare but serious condition that occurs when
amniotic fluid — the fluid that surrounds a baby in the uterus during pregnancy — or
fetal material, such as fetal cells, enters the mother's bloodstream. Amniotic fluid
embolism is most likely to occur during delivery or immediately afterward.
amnioinfusion - ANSWER: introduction of a solution into the amniotic sac; an
isotonic solution is most commonly used to relieve fetal distress
hyperemesis gravidarum - ANSWER: complication of pregnancy that involves
excessive vomiting, electrolyte imbalances, weight loss, nutritional deficits, and
ketonuria
Rh factor incompatibility (alloimmunization) - ANSWER: when the mother is Rh -
(lacks the Rh blood protein) and the father is Rh + ( has the protein), the baby may
inherit the father's Rh+ blood type. If even a little of the fetus' Rh+ blood crosses the
placenta into the Rh- mother's bloodstream, she begins to form antibodies to the
foreign Rh protein. If these enter the fetus' system, they destroy red blood cells,
reducing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues
ABO incompatibility - ANSWER: Occurs when maternal blood type O and fetus blood
type A, B, or AB. Maternal anitbodies cross placenta (anti-a, anti-b). Increased
hemolysis of RBC's occurs
Accurate Fall- Spring Session [ Labor and Birth Process]
dystocia - ANSWER: abnormal or difficult labor
hypertonic uterine dysfunction - ANSWER: uncoordinated uterine activity,
contractions are frequent and painful but ineffective in promoting dilation and
effacement
uterine tachysystole - ANSWER: when there are greater than 5 uterine contractions
in 10 minutes
hypotonic uterine dysfunction - ANSWER: contractions of the uterus during labor
that are too weak to be effective; often occurs with uterine stimulation
precipitous labor&birth - ANSWER: characterized by labor that can last as little as 3
hours and is typically less than 5 hours.
cephalopelvic disproportion (CPD) - ANSWER: condition preventing normal delivery
through the birth canal; either the baby's head is too large or the birth canal is too
small
malposition - ANSWER: related to occipitoposterior posterior (ROP or LOP) baby is
turned backwards, mother will complain of back pain. Mother changes position
trying to get the fetus to flip or move. May try manual moving of the fetus if the
dilation is enough
malpresentation - ANSWER: Encompasses any fetal presentation other than vertex,
including breech, face, brow, shoulder, and compound presentations
abnormal position of a fetus just before parturition
preterm labor - ANSWER: Occurs after the 20th week but before the 37th week of
gestation.
prolonged pregnancy - ANSWER: A pregnancy that lasts longer than 42 weeks
large for gestational age (LGA) - ANSWER: a baby whose weight is above the 90th
percentile for their age
labor augmentation - ANSWER: The stimulation of uterine contractions when
spontaneous contractions have failed to result in progressive cervical dilation or
descent of the fetus.
labor induction - ANSWER: A procedure in which a hormone is administered in order
to initiate uterine contractions leading to labor and delivery
, bishop score - ANSWER: used to determine the maternal readiness for labor by
evaluating if the cervix is favorable by rating the following: 1. cervical dilation 2.
cervical effacement 3. cervical consistency (firm, medium or soft) 4. cervical position
(posterior), midposition, or anterior) 5. presenting part station; The five factors are
assigned a numerical value of 0-3, the total score is calculated and a score of 8
readiness for labor induction.
amniotomy - ANSWER: ARTIFICIAL RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES (AROM). Indicated to
induce labor or augment labor if the progress begins to slow
cervical ripening - ANSWER: Softening of the cervix that typically begins prior to labor
and is necessary for cervical dilation and passage of the fetus
vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) - ANSWER: A term used to describe labor and
vaginal birth in a woman who has had a prior C-section. According to the American
Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), most women with 1 prior
cesarean section with a low transverse incision are candidates for VBAC
prolapsed umbilical cord - ANSWER: when the umbilical cord presents first and is
squeezed between the vaginal wall and the baby's head
uterine rupture - ANSWER: sudden onset vaginal bleeding, constant abdominal pain,
cessation of uterine contractions, palpable fetal parts, fetal deterioration
amniotic fluid embolism - ANSWER: rare but serious condition that occurs when
amniotic fluid — the fluid that surrounds a baby in the uterus during pregnancy — or
fetal material, such as fetal cells, enters the mother's bloodstream. Amniotic fluid
embolism is most likely to occur during delivery or immediately afterward.
amnioinfusion - ANSWER: introduction of a solution into the amniotic sac; an
isotonic solution is most commonly used to relieve fetal distress
hyperemesis gravidarum - ANSWER: complication of pregnancy that involves
excessive vomiting, electrolyte imbalances, weight loss, nutritional deficits, and
ketonuria
Rh factor incompatibility (alloimmunization) - ANSWER: when the mother is Rh -
(lacks the Rh blood protein) and the father is Rh + ( has the protein), the baby may
inherit the father's Rh+ blood type. If even a little of the fetus' Rh+ blood crosses the
placenta into the Rh- mother's bloodstream, she begins to form antibodies to the
foreign Rh protein. If these enter the fetus' system, they destroy red blood cells,
reducing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues
ABO incompatibility - ANSWER: Occurs when maternal blood type O and fetus blood
type A, B, or AB. Maternal anitbodies cross placenta (anti-a, anti-b). Increased
hemolysis of RBC's occurs
