FITZGERALD PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM / LATEST
FITZGERALD PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM PRACTICE
EXAM (MOST TESTED QUESTIONS FROM PAST EXAMS)
LATEST UPDATES 2024 |GUARANTEED PASS A+
(REVISED EXAM)
Anemia - ANSWER: Reduction in rbc ans hgb. Occurs when insult is severe enough to
exceed the reserves
Causes of anemia - ANSWER: Acute blood loss
Chronic blood loss
Reduced RBC production
Premature destruction
Acute rhinosinusitis - ANSWER: Inflammation of mucosal passages lasting greater
then 4 weeks
Most common pathogen in ABRS, CAP and AOM? - ANSWER: S. Pneumo
H. influenza
M. Catarrahalis
What are the risk for DRSP in ABRS? - ANSWER: Age less then 2 or greater then 65
Daycare
Prior abx in 1 month
Prior hospitalization in 5 days
Comorbidities
Immune compromised
First line empiric therapy for ABRS? - ANSWER: Augmentin 500/125 BID
Secondary
doxycycline 200mg Po daily or 2000mg augmentin BID
What is the empiric treatment for ABRS for patient with PCN allergy? - ANSWER:
Doxycycline or levofloxacin or moxifloxacin only use fluoroquinolones if DRSP is
suspected. Avoid doxycycline in pregnancy and QT prolongation plus tendon rupture
risk with FQ
Which medication are CYP450 3A4 inhibitors? - ANSWER: Macrolides except
Azithromycin
Erythromycin and Clarithromycin
Causes substrate level to increase and cause toxicity
Which medication is cyp450 inducer? - ANSWER: St. John's wart
,Reduced drug levels and makes medication ineffective
Ex. Warfarin and St. John's wart reduces warfarin levels
What is conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER: Local hearing loss caused by earwax,
foreign object or ruptured ear drum, ear infection.
Weber test sound lateralize to affected ear
Rinne test negative resulting in bone conduction better then air conduction
sensorineural hearing loss - ANSWER: hearing loss caused by damage to the
cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves.
allergic rhinitis and treatment? - ANSWER: an allergic reaction to airborne allergens
that causes an increased flow of mucus.
Avoid allergen
1st line therapy = intranasal corticosteroids such as Fluticasone and adjunctively LTM
can be added such as singulair
Reliever therapy = second Generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) or
cetrizine (Zyrtec)
Syphilitic chancre - ANSWER: Mostly occurs in anogential area and goes away in 3
weeks
Apathaous stomatitis - ANSWER: Also known as canker sore... very tender and
painful
Cranial nerves mnemonic? - ANSWER: Oh oh oh towering tops A Finn and German
viewed some Hops!
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Virgin Girls' Vaginas and Hymens.
Olfactory = smell
Optic = vision
Oculomotor = eyelid and eye ball movement
Trochlear = eye movement in and out
Trigeminal = chewing, face and mouth, touch and pain
Abducens = look side to side
Facial = controls most facial expressions secretions of tears saliva and taste 2/3 of
tongue taste
Acoustic = hearing and equilibrium
Gossopharyngeal = taste and senses carotid BP
Vagus = slowed heart rate,
Spinal accessor = shoulder shrug
Hypoglossal = move tongue
Triad of opthamalogic emergency? - ANSWER: Redness, pain, vision changes of eye
, macular degeneration? - ANSWER: Central vision loss
open angle glaucoma - ANSWER: Peripheral vision loss
Floating spots in visual field - ANSWER: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Which test is used to evaluate the anterior eye structure including cornea,
conjunctiva, sclera and iris? - ANSWER: Slit- lamp examination
General visual acuity screen test? - ANSWER: Snellen chart
Early detection of macular degeneration? - ANSWER: Amsler grid test.... remember
the wavy lines and dot as hole on graph paper
Which equipment is used to measure the IOP in glaucoma screening test? - ANSWER:
Tonometry
What is angle closure glaucoma? - ANSWER: Increase IOP... opthalmic emergency...
increase redness, pain and vision change... halos around lights
What is Anosmia? - ANSWER: Loss of smell or taste... accelerated by tobacco use.
Treatment for conjunctivitis? - ANSWER: Often self limiting but can use cold artificial
tear solution for bacterial conjunctivitis use FQ ocular solution
otitis externa? - ANSWER: Use oral cipro for severe disease for DM, HIV patients...
rest just use VOSOL ear drops
Treatment for strep throat? - ANSWER: Penicillin V PO for 10 days if adherence issue
then use benzathine IM 1 dose can use augmentin
If PCN allergic? Use Z pack for 5 days or macrolide
otitis media with effusion or swimmers ear - ANSWER: Examination will reveal
fullness in ear, air bubbles in Tympanic membrane. Treat allergic rhinitis symptoms
acute otitis media - ANSWER: Redness in TM and bulging abx amoxi or augmentin
Cefdinir or Azithromycin for pcn allergy
What is varicella and treatment? - ANSWER: Chickenpox... present in children or
adults...
droplet precautions plus contact
Clinical presentation with fever and miserable itch
2-3 mm vesicles start on trunk and move to limbs
Treatment with antiviral such as acyclovir within 24 to 48 H
2 doses of immunization = 99 percent immunity
FITZGERALD PHARMACOLOGY MIDTERM PRACTICE
EXAM (MOST TESTED QUESTIONS FROM PAST EXAMS)
LATEST UPDATES 2024 |GUARANTEED PASS A+
(REVISED EXAM)
Anemia - ANSWER: Reduction in rbc ans hgb. Occurs when insult is severe enough to
exceed the reserves
Causes of anemia - ANSWER: Acute blood loss
Chronic blood loss
Reduced RBC production
Premature destruction
Acute rhinosinusitis - ANSWER: Inflammation of mucosal passages lasting greater
then 4 weeks
Most common pathogen in ABRS, CAP and AOM? - ANSWER: S. Pneumo
H. influenza
M. Catarrahalis
What are the risk for DRSP in ABRS? - ANSWER: Age less then 2 or greater then 65
Daycare
Prior abx in 1 month
Prior hospitalization in 5 days
Comorbidities
Immune compromised
First line empiric therapy for ABRS? - ANSWER: Augmentin 500/125 BID
Secondary
doxycycline 200mg Po daily or 2000mg augmentin BID
What is the empiric treatment for ABRS for patient with PCN allergy? - ANSWER:
Doxycycline or levofloxacin or moxifloxacin only use fluoroquinolones if DRSP is
suspected. Avoid doxycycline in pregnancy and QT prolongation plus tendon rupture
risk with FQ
Which medication are CYP450 3A4 inhibitors? - ANSWER: Macrolides except
Azithromycin
Erythromycin and Clarithromycin
Causes substrate level to increase and cause toxicity
Which medication is cyp450 inducer? - ANSWER: St. John's wart
,Reduced drug levels and makes medication ineffective
Ex. Warfarin and St. John's wart reduces warfarin levels
What is conductive hearing loss? - ANSWER: Local hearing loss caused by earwax,
foreign object or ruptured ear drum, ear infection.
Weber test sound lateralize to affected ear
Rinne test negative resulting in bone conduction better then air conduction
sensorineural hearing loss - ANSWER: hearing loss caused by damage to the
cochlea's receptor cells or to the auditory nerves.
allergic rhinitis and treatment? - ANSWER: an allergic reaction to airborne allergens
that causes an increased flow of mucus.
Avoid allergen
1st line therapy = intranasal corticosteroids such as Fluticasone and adjunctively LTM
can be added such as singulair
Reliever therapy = second Generation antihistamines such as loratadine (Claritin) or
cetrizine (Zyrtec)
Syphilitic chancre - ANSWER: Mostly occurs in anogential area and goes away in 3
weeks
Apathaous stomatitis - ANSWER: Also known as canker sore... very tender and
painful
Cranial nerves mnemonic? - ANSWER: Oh oh oh towering tops A Finn and German
viewed some Hops!
Oh, Oh, Oh, To Touch And Feel Virgin Girls' Vaginas and Hymens.
Olfactory = smell
Optic = vision
Oculomotor = eyelid and eye ball movement
Trochlear = eye movement in and out
Trigeminal = chewing, face and mouth, touch and pain
Abducens = look side to side
Facial = controls most facial expressions secretions of tears saliva and taste 2/3 of
tongue taste
Acoustic = hearing and equilibrium
Gossopharyngeal = taste and senses carotid BP
Vagus = slowed heart rate,
Spinal accessor = shoulder shrug
Hypoglossal = move tongue
Triad of opthamalogic emergency? - ANSWER: Redness, pain, vision changes of eye
, macular degeneration? - ANSWER: Central vision loss
open angle glaucoma - ANSWER: Peripheral vision loss
Floating spots in visual field - ANSWER: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy
Which test is used to evaluate the anterior eye structure including cornea,
conjunctiva, sclera and iris? - ANSWER: Slit- lamp examination
General visual acuity screen test? - ANSWER: Snellen chart
Early detection of macular degeneration? - ANSWER: Amsler grid test.... remember
the wavy lines and dot as hole on graph paper
Which equipment is used to measure the IOP in glaucoma screening test? - ANSWER:
Tonometry
What is angle closure glaucoma? - ANSWER: Increase IOP... opthalmic emergency...
increase redness, pain and vision change... halos around lights
What is Anosmia? - ANSWER: Loss of smell or taste... accelerated by tobacco use.
Treatment for conjunctivitis? - ANSWER: Often self limiting but can use cold artificial
tear solution for bacterial conjunctivitis use FQ ocular solution
otitis externa? - ANSWER: Use oral cipro for severe disease for DM, HIV patients...
rest just use VOSOL ear drops
Treatment for strep throat? - ANSWER: Penicillin V PO for 10 days if adherence issue
then use benzathine IM 1 dose can use augmentin
If PCN allergic? Use Z pack for 5 days or macrolide
otitis media with effusion or swimmers ear - ANSWER: Examination will reveal
fullness in ear, air bubbles in Tympanic membrane. Treat allergic rhinitis symptoms
acute otitis media - ANSWER: Redness in TM and bulging abx amoxi or augmentin
Cefdinir or Azithromycin for pcn allergy
What is varicella and treatment? - ANSWER: Chickenpox... present in children or
adults...
droplet precautions plus contact
Clinical presentation with fever and miserable itch
2-3 mm vesicles start on trunk and move to limbs
Treatment with antiviral such as acyclovir within 24 to 48 H
2 doses of immunization = 99 percent immunity
