NSG 5002 MIDTERM EXAM -WITH 100% VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS. Buy Quality Materials!
Threat defense mechanisms
Denial
Rationalization
Regression
Repression
Displacement - avoidance
Projection
Intellectualization
Compensation
Stages of Change
pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
Scientific Theory
A set of propositions that furnish an explanation by means of a deductive system.
Deductive: specific predictions from general principles
two types of theory
Commonsense theory,Scientific theory
commonsense theory:
a personal attempt to make sense of a situation
elements of scientific theory
Concepts
Variables
Statements
Formats
three main goals of scientific theory
describe, explain and predict
CTE structure
concepts, theoretical structure, empirical referents
Theoretical thinking
Concept of a questioning practice where cause and effect are examined, constantly.
Holarchy
components are functionally integrated into an order of wholeness or unity, where the
largest whole makes up the scheme of nursing knowledge.
levels of abstraction
metaparadigm, philosophy, conceptual model, theory, empirical indicator
Four philosophical areas of inquiry
ontological (study of reality: what do we believe to be true)
epistemological (study of knowledge),
ethics (moral philosophy)
logic (method of inquiry).
philosophy
, the love of knowledge
Conceptual Model
characterize relationships of phenomena in a coherent format
theories:
describe concepts and relationship between concepts
Testing a theory
Deductive reasoning
Top-Down Approach
General principles leading
to specific predictions
Generating a theory
Inductive reasoning
Down-Up Approach
Specific observations leading
to general rules
Complex adaptive systems
A complex macroscopic collection of relatively similar and partially connected micro-
structures formed in order to respond to an ever-changing external environment.
translational science continuum
basic scientific discovery, early translation, late translation, dissemination, adoption
Complexity Science
New approach for clinical care and healthcare organizations.
Complexity Science Components
Agents: units of components that interact within the system (individuals or birds..)
Patterns: Formed by agents acting from a set of internalized rules (patterns of
behaviors)
Complex Adaptive Systems
Characteristics
Connectivity: connection to other components both within the and within larger systems
Dynamic and adaptive: adapts to internal and external environment
Simple rules that allow the system to function
Emergence: novel, flexible, and creative advancements within the system
Self-organizing: equilibrium but on the edge of instability (change can occur).
Distributed control: No central control
7. Diversity: Component and pattern differences
8. Deterministic: Patterns following patterns
9. Embeddedness: Hierarchy of nesting or smaller systems within larger systems
10. Coordination dynamics: focal-part to part-between system interaction (firing neurons
within the brain)
11. Initial condition sensitivity: Future structure, patterns, and processes are influenced
by the initial state
12. Co-evolution: Two systems changing and organizing together (environment and
agents).
13. Robustness and adaptability: maintain integrity and proper function despite internal
and external changes.
SOLUTIONS. Buy Quality Materials!
Threat defense mechanisms
Denial
Rationalization
Regression
Repression
Displacement - avoidance
Projection
Intellectualization
Compensation
Stages of Change
pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance
Scientific Theory
A set of propositions that furnish an explanation by means of a deductive system.
Deductive: specific predictions from general principles
two types of theory
Commonsense theory,Scientific theory
commonsense theory:
a personal attempt to make sense of a situation
elements of scientific theory
Concepts
Variables
Statements
Formats
three main goals of scientific theory
describe, explain and predict
CTE structure
concepts, theoretical structure, empirical referents
Theoretical thinking
Concept of a questioning practice where cause and effect are examined, constantly.
Holarchy
components are functionally integrated into an order of wholeness or unity, where the
largest whole makes up the scheme of nursing knowledge.
levels of abstraction
metaparadigm, philosophy, conceptual model, theory, empirical indicator
Four philosophical areas of inquiry
ontological (study of reality: what do we believe to be true)
epistemological (study of knowledge),
ethics (moral philosophy)
logic (method of inquiry).
philosophy
, the love of knowledge
Conceptual Model
characterize relationships of phenomena in a coherent format
theories:
describe concepts and relationship between concepts
Testing a theory
Deductive reasoning
Top-Down Approach
General principles leading
to specific predictions
Generating a theory
Inductive reasoning
Down-Up Approach
Specific observations leading
to general rules
Complex adaptive systems
A complex macroscopic collection of relatively similar and partially connected micro-
structures formed in order to respond to an ever-changing external environment.
translational science continuum
basic scientific discovery, early translation, late translation, dissemination, adoption
Complexity Science
New approach for clinical care and healthcare organizations.
Complexity Science Components
Agents: units of components that interact within the system (individuals or birds..)
Patterns: Formed by agents acting from a set of internalized rules (patterns of
behaviors)
Complex Adaptive Systems
Characteristics
Connectivity: connection to other components both within the and within larger systems
Dynamic and adaptive: adapts to internal and external environment
Simple rules that allow the system to function
Emergence: novel, flexible, and creative advancements within the system
Self-organizing: equilibrium but on the edge of instability (change can occur).
Distributed control: No central control
7. Diversity: Component and pattern differences
8. Deterministic: Patterns following patterns
9. Embeddedness: Hierarchy of nesting or smaller systems within larger systems
10. Coordination dynamics: focal-part to part-between system interaction (firing neurons
within the brain)
11. Initial condition sensitivity: Future structure, patterns, and processes are influenced
by the initial state
12. Co-evolution: Two systems changing and organizing together (environment and
agents).
13. Robustness and adaptability: maintain integrity and proper function despite internal
and external changes.
