CCMA NHA / CCMA NHA ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE
REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATED
VERSION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
Afebrile - ANSWER: Absence of fever
Chief Complaint - ANSWER: The reason why the patient came to see the physician
Percussion - ANSWER: This involves tapping or striking the body, usually with fingers
or a small hammer to determine the position, size and density go the underlying
organ or tissue
Endocardium - ANSWER: The endocardium is the inner layer of the heart. It consists
of epithelial tissue and connective tissue.
Function: Lines the inner cavities of the heart, covers heart valves and is continuous
with the inner lining of blood vessels.
Purkinje fibers are located in the endocardium. They participate in the contraction of
the heart muscle.
Stroke Volume (Preload) - ANSWER: The blood volume ejected outside the ventricle
after each contraction. ~ The volume of the blood returning to the heart. ~ The force
of the myocardium contraction
Ventricular Repolarization - ANSWER: The T Wave. ~ The first wave produced after
the QRS Complex. Has the following characteristics: The deflection produced by the
ventricular repolarization. It is slighty asymmetric. No more than 5 mm in height.
Hematoma - ANSWER: A localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels,
usually in liquid form within the tissue. An ecchymosis, commonly called a bruise, is a
hematoma of the skin larger than 10mm.
(acronym.) BeCause Better Specimens, Y'all, Generate Perfect Goals - ANSWER:
Order of draw (per NHA): Blood Cultures, Blue (light), Serum (red), Yellow, Green,
Purple (Lavender), Gray
Gram Stain - ANSWER: A method of differentiating bacterial species into two large
groups (gram-positive and gram-negative). Gram staining differentiates bacteria by
the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls by detecting peptidoglycan,
which is present in a thick layer in gram-positive bacteria. The Gram stain is almost
always the first step in the identification of a bacterial organism.
Axillary - ANSWER: Under the arm (armpit)
,Throat culture - ANSWER: A laboratory diagnostic test to find a bacterial or fungal
infection in the throat. Sampling is performed by throat swab, and the sample is put
in a special cup (culture) that allows infections to grow. If an infection grows, the
culture is positive. The type of infection is found using a microscope, chemical tests,
or both. If no infection grows, the culture is negative.
Tort - ANSWER: A tort, in common law jurisdictions, is a civil wrong[1] which unfairly
causes someone else to suffer loss or harm resulting in legal liability for the person :
Battery, Invasion of privacy, defamation of character
Artifact - ANSWER: Unwanted interference or jitter on the EKG recording. This makes
the EKG reading difficult or impossible, as well as can lead to a misdiagnosis.
AV (atriventricular) Valves - ANSWER: Located between the atria and ventricles. AV
cusped valves characteristics are: They have tough fibrous rings, long and strong
leaflets (cuspids), They are accessory organs (like papillary muscles and chordae
tendinae)
Standard Precautions - ANSWER: Standard Precautions are the minimum infection
prevention practices that apply to all patient care, regardless of suspected or
confirmed infection status of the patient, in any setting where healthcare is
delivered. Standard Precautions include: 1) hand hygiene, 2) use of personal
protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gowns, masks), 3) safe injection practices, 4) safe
handling of potentially contaminated equipment or surfaces in the patient
environment, and 5) respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette.
Parasympathetic (Vagus Nerve) - ANSWER: Generally has an inhibitory effect via the
neurotransmitter Acetylcholine which may cause the following to happen:
*Slows down pacemaker and HR
*Slows the conduction of electricity in AV node
*Decreases the strength of atrial and ventricular contraction.
Infection Control/ Chain of Infection - ANSWER: This consists of links, each of which
is necessary for the infectious disease to spread. Infection control is based on the
fact that the transmission of infectious diseases will be prevented or stopped when
any level in the chain is broken or interrupted.
AGENT ------- MODE OF TRANSMISSION --------- SUSCEPTIBLE HOST ---------- PORTAL
OF EXIT -------- PORTAL OF ENTRY
Medical Asepsis - ANSWER: Involves procedures and practices that reduce the
number and transfer of pathogens. For example, performing hand hygiene and
wearing gloves, nothing on floor, clean from least soiled to most soiled.
Urinary Bacteria - ANSWER: Enteric gram-negative bacteria that are always nitrite
positive can convert urinary nitrate to nitrite. A positive nitrite test is an indication
that a significant number of bacteria are present in the urine.
,PKU - ANSWER: This test is ordered for infants to detect phenylketonuria, a genetic
disease that causes mental retardation and brain damage. Test is done on blood
from newborn's heel or in urine.
Accessioning Order - ANSWER: Each request for blood withdrawl must include
accessioning order, number for paper work, and supplies and patients identification.
The blood request forms should include the following:
Patient's name and age from ID plate or wristband, Identification number, date &
time the specimen is obtained, name or initials of person who obtains specimen,
accessioning number, Physician's name, department for which which work is being
done, other useful info (special comments, unusual sampling site, drawn near Iv
site...)
Cold agglutinins - ANSWER: antibodies produced in response to atypical pneumonia,
must be kept at 37 C.
History of Present Illness (HPI) - ANSWER: description of current problem, includes
location, quality, severity, duration, timing, context, modifying factors, and
associated signs and symptoms.
Vital Signs - ANSWER: Reflect the functions of three body processes necessary for
life. Determinations that provide information about body conditions; include
temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure.
Disinfection - ANSWER: A procedure used in medical asepsis using various chemicals
that can be used to destroy many pathogenic microorganisms.
Barrier Protection - ANSWER: Refers to placing a physical barrier between the
patients body fluids (such as blood and saliva) and the healthcare personnel (HCP) to
prevent disease transmision.
Febrile - ANSWER: relating to a fever.
U Wave - ANSWER: Deflection seen following the T wave but preceding the next P
wave. Represents the repolarization of the Purkinje Fibers. Round and symmetric
less than 1.5 mm in height. A prominent U Wave is due to hypokalemia (low
potassium, blood level.)
Purkinje Fibers - ANSWER: fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right
and left ventricles, causing them to contract.
Hypokalemia - ANSWER: A condition in which an inadequate amount of potassium,
the major intracellular cation, is found in the circulatory bloodstream.
Ventricular Fibrillation - ANSWER: A condition in which the heart's electrical impulses
are disorganized, preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally. It is
, produced by multiple electrical sites firing electrical impulses at the same time,
resulting in quivering of the ventricles myocardial muscle fibers, but not a uniform
contraction.
The rhythm is a chaotic deflection of different waves that vary in size, shape and
duration.
There are NO normal visible waves. There is no contraction, this is no blood ejected
in the blood vessels, so the blood can clot. This is a medical emergency which
requires defibrillation and CPR.
Holter monitor - ANSWER: a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an
ambulatory patient to continuously monitor the heart rates and rhythms over a 24-
hour period.
Coagulation - ANSWER: Blood clotting.
Prothrombin time - ANSWER: PT; TEST TO DETERMINE THE AMOUNT OF TIME IT
TAKES TO ACTIVATE PROTHROMBIN IN ORDER FOR A CLOT TO FORM.
Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs) - ANSWER: A diagnostic study to measure arterial blood
gases to attain information needed and manage a patient's respiratory status.
Median Cubital Vein - ANSWER: The large connecting branch that arises from the
cephalic vein below the elbow and passes obliquely upward over the cubital fossa to
join the basilic vein. FIRST CHOICE to use for Venipuncture.
Thrombocytes - ANSWER: (platelets) small irregularly shaped packets of cytoplasm,
essential for blood coagulation. LIFE SPAN: 9-12 days. AVERAGE #: 140K to 400K per
Microliter of blood.
Order of Draw - ANSWER: Blood Cultures (yellow) / Sodium Citrate (light blue) /
Serum (red or tiger strip) / Heparin (green) / EDTA (lavendar) / Glucose (gray)
Basophils - ANSWER: A circulating leukocyte that produces histamine. Account for
0%-1% of WBCs in the blood.
Vascular Phase - ANSWER: Hemostasis phase in which injury to a blood vessel causes
it to constrict the flow of blood (vasoconstriction).
Tourniquets - ANSWER: Prevents the venous outflow of blood from the arm causing
the veins to buldge thereby making it easier to locate the veins. Most common used
is latex strip (Be sure to check for latex allergy!) Blood pressure cuffs may also be
used as a tourniquet (Cuff is inflated to a blood pressure above the diastolic but
below the systolic.)
PPE - ANSWER: Personal Protective Equipment i.e. gloves, mask, safety glasses and
clinical attire (Anything that can be worn on the PERSON.)
REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(100% CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATED
VERSION |GUARANTEED PASS A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
Afebrile - ANSWER: Absence of fever
Chief Complaint - ANSWER: The reason why the patient came to see the physician
Percussion - ANSWER: This involves tapping or striking the body, usually with fingers
or a small hammer to determine the position, size and density go the underlying
organ or tissue
Endocardium - ANSWER: The endocardium is the inner layer of the heart. It consists
of epithelial tissue and connective tissue.
Function: Lines the inner cavities of the heart, covers heart valves and is continuous
with the inner lining of blood vessels.
Purkinje fibers are located in the endocardium. They participate in the contraction of
the heart muscle.
Stroke Volume (Preload) - ANSWER: The blood volume ejected outside the ventricle
after each contraction. ~ The volume of the blood returning to the heart. ~ The force
of the myocardium contraction
Ventricular Repolarization - ANSWER: The T Wave. ~ The first wave produced after
the QRS Complex. Has the following characteristics: The deflection produced by the
ventricular repolarization. It is slighty asymmetric. No more than 5 mm in height.
Hematoma - ANSWER: A localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels,
usually in liquid form within the tissue. An ecchymosis, commonly called a bruise, is a
hematoma of the skin larger than 10mm.
(acronym.) BeCause Better Specimens, Y'all, Generate Perfect Goals - ANSWER:
Order of draw (per NHA): Blood Cultures, Blue (light), Serum (red), Yellow, Green,
Purple (Lavender), Gray
Gram Stain - ANSWER: A method of differentiating bacterial species into two large
groups (gram-positive and gram-negative). Gram staining differentiates bacteria by
the chemical and physical properties of their cell walls by detecting peptidoglycan,
which is present in a thick layer in gram-positive bacteria. The Gram stain is almost
always the first step in the identification of a bacterial organism.
Axillary - ANSWER: Under the arm (armpit)
,Throat culture - ANSWER: A laboratory diagnostic test to find a bacterial or fungal
infection in the throat. Sampling is performed by throat swab, and the sample is put
in a special cup (culture) that allows infections to grow. If an infection grows, the
culture is positive. The type of infection is found using a microscope, chemical tests,
or both. If no infection grows, the culture is negative.
Tort - ANSWER: A tort, in common law jurisdictions, is a civil wrong[1] which unfairly
causes someone else to suffer loss or harm resulting in legal liability for the person :
Battery, Invasion of privacy, defamation of character
Artifact - ANSWER: Unwanted interference or jitter on the EKG recording. This makes
the EKG reading difficult or impossible, as well as can lead to a misdiagnosis.
AV (atriventricular) Valves - ANSWER: Located between the atria and ventricles. AV
cusped valves characteristics are: They have tough fibrous rings, long and strong
leaflets (cuspids), They are accessory organs (like papillary muscles and chordae
tendinae)
Standard Precautions - ANSWER: Standard Precautions are the minimum infection
prevention practices that apply to all patient care, regardless of suspected or
confirmed infection status of the patient, in any setting where healthcare is
delivered. Standard Precautions include: 1) hand hygiene, 2) use of personal
protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gowns, masks), 3) safe injection practices, 4) safe
handling of potentially contaminated equipment or surfaces in the patient
environment, and 5) respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette.
Parasympathetic (Vagus Nerve) - ANSWER: Generally has an inhibitory effect via the
neurotransmitter Acetylcholine which may cause the following to happen:
*Slows down pacemaker and HR
*Slows the conduction of electricity in AV node
*Decreases the strength of atrial and ventricular contraction.
Infection Control/ Chain of Infection - ANSWER: This consists of links, each of which
is necessary for the infectious disease to spread. Infection control is based on the
fact that the transmission of infectious diseases will be prevented or stopped when
any level in the chain is broken or interrupted.
AGENT ------- MODE OF TRANSMISSION --------- SUSCEPTIBLE HOST ---------- PORTAL
OF EXIT -------- PORTAL OF ENTRY
Medical Asepsis - ANSWER: Involves procedures and practices that reduce the
number and transfer of pathogens. For example, performing hand hygiene and
wearing gloves, nothing on floor, clean from least soiled to most soiled.
Urinary Bacteria - ANSWER: Enteric gram-negative bacteria that are always nitrite
positive can convert urinary nitrate to nitrite. A positive nitrite test is an indication
that a significant number of bacteria are present in the urine.
,PKU - ANSWER: This test is ordered for infants to detect phenylketonuria, a genetic
disease that causes mental retardation and brain damage. Test is done on blood
from newborn's heel or in urine.
Accessioning Order - ANSWER: Each request for blood withdrawl must include
accessioning order, number for paper work, and supplies and patients identification.
The blood request forms should include the following:
Patient's name and age from ID plate or wristband, Identification number, date &
time the specimen is obtained, name or initials of person who obtains specimen,
accessioning number, Physician's name, department for which which work is being
done, other useful info (special comments, unusual sampling site, drawn near Iv
site...)
Cold agglutinins - ANSWER: antibodies produced in response to atypical pneumonia,
must be kept at 37 C.
History of Present Illness (HPI) - ANSWER: description of current problem, includes
location, quality, severity, duration, timing, context, modifying factors, and
associated signs and symptoms.
Vital Signs - ANSWER: Reflect the functions of three body processes necessary for
life. Determinations that provide information about body conditions; include
temperature, pulse, respirations, and blood pressure.
Disinfection - ANSWER: A procedure used in medical asepsis using various chemicals
that can be used to destroy many pathogenic microorganisms.
Barrier Protection - ANSWER: Refers to placing a physical barrier between the
patients body fluids (such as blood and saliva) and the healthcare personnel (HCP) to
prevent disease transmision.
Febrile - ANSWER: relating to a fever.
U Wave - ANSWER: Deflection seen following the T wave but preceding the next P
wave. Represents the repolarization of the Purkinje Fibers. Round and symmetric
less than 1.5 mm in height. A prominent U Wave is due to hypokalemia (low
potassium, blood level.)
Purkinje Fibers - ANSWER: fibers in the ventricles that transmit impulses to the right
and left ventricles, causing them to contract.
Hypokalemia - ANSWER: A condition in which an inadequate amount of potassium,
the major intracellular cation, is found in the circulatory bloodstream.
Ventricular Fibrillation - ANSWER: A condition in which the heart's electrical impulses
are disorganized, preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally. It is
, produced by multiple electrical sites firing electrical impulses at the same time,
resulting in quivering of the ventricles myocardial muscle fibers, but not a uniform
contraction.
The rhythm is a chaotic deflection of different waves that vary in size, shape and
duration.
There are NO normal visible waves. There is no contraction, this is no blood ejected
in the blood vessels, so the blood can clot. This is a medical emergency which
requires defibrillation and CPR.
Holter monitor - ANSWER: a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an
ambulatory patient to continuously monitor the heart rates and rhythms over a 24-
hour period.
Coagulation - ANSWER: Blood clotting.
Prothrombin time - ANSWER: PT; TEST TO DETERMINE THE AMOUNT OF TIME IT
TAKES TO ACTIVATE PROTHROMBIN IN ORDER FOR A CLOT TO FORM.
Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs) - ANSWER: A diagnostic study to measure arterial blood
gases to attain information needed and manage a patient's respiratory status.
Median Cubital Vein - ANSWER: The large connecting branch that arises from the
cephalic vein below the elbow and passes obliquely upward over the cubital fossa to
join the basilic vein. FIRST CHOICE to use for Venipuncture.
Thrombocytes - ANSWER: (platelets) small irregularly shaped packets of cytoplasm,
essential for blood coagulation. LIFE SPAN: 9-12 days. AVERAGE #: 140K to 400K per
Microliter of blood.
Order of Draw - ANSWER: Blood Cultures (yellow) / Sodium Citrate (light blue) /
Serum (red or tiger strip) / Heparin (green) / EDTA (lavendar) / Glucose (gray)
Basophils - ANSWER: A circulating leukocyte that produces histamine. Account for
0%-1% of WBCs in the blood.
Vascular Phase - ANSWER: Hemostasis phase in which injury to a blood vessel causes
it to constrict the flow of blood (vasoconstriction).
Tourniquets - ANSWER: Prevents the venous outflow of blood from the arm causing
the veins to buldge thereby making it easier to locate the veins. Most common used
is latex strip (Be sure to check for latex allergy!) Blood pressure cuffs may also be
used as a tourniquet (Cuff is inflated to a blood pressure above the diastolic but
below the systolic.)
PPE - ANSWER: Personal Protective Equipment i.e. gloves, mask, safety glasses and
clinical attire (Anything that can be worn on the PERSON.)
