HONDROS BIO 117 EXAM 1 LATEST ACTUAL EXAM REAL
QUESTIONS WITH WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS
(CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATED
VERSION |ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
DISCLAIMER TO ANYONE USING THIS QUIZLET: SEI 7 AND 8 ARE NOT INCLUDED IN
THIS SET - ANSWER: GOOD LUCK
Are protists prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms? - ANSWER: Eukaryotic
Are protists unicellular, multicellular, or are both present in this group? - ANSWER:
both unicellular and multicellular organisms
Explain the morphological innovations of: Nuclear membrane and Endomembrane
Organelles - ANSWER: an early eukaryote may have engulfed a smaller eukaryote as
a food source but instead of the food vacuole digesting the cell, the vacuole was
used as a cell wall and the engulfed cell and created a nuclear membrane and the
organelles inside evolved by folding to create them
Explain the morphological innovations of: Mitochondria - ANSWER: Early Eukaryote
absorbs early aerobic prokaryote as food but instead of being digested, the food
vacuole is now a an outermembrane
Explain the morphological innovations of: Chloroplasts - ANSWER: early eukaryote
absorbs an early photosynthetic cyanobacterium
What are the characteristics of groups from a phylogenetic tree that would be
considered monophyletic? - ANSWER: Group contains the common ancestor, all
decedents of that ancestor, and no other organisms
What are the characteristics of groups from a phylogenetic tree that would be
considered polyphyletic? - ANSWER: Group contains the common ancestor, but only
some (not all) of the descendants
What are the characteristics of groups from a phylogenetic tree that would be
considered paraphyletic? - ANSWER: Group does not contain its common ancestor
Do we consider the phylogeny of protists to be monophyletic, polyphyletic,
paraphyletic, or none of the above? - ANSWER: monophyletic
Protists are definitely diverse, but why do we say that "Protists do not have one
defining characteristic that separates them from all other eukaryotic organisms?" -
ANSWER: because there is only one trait that all protists have in common..
eukaryotic but fit in no other group
, Are fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms? - ANSWER: eukaryotic
Do we consider the phylogeny of fungi to be monophyletic or paraphyletic? -
ANSWER: monophyletic group
Are fungi unicellular, multicellular, or are both present in this group? - ANSWER:
majority are multicellular
All fungal cells have cell walls made of what material? - ANSWER: chitin
Fungi are composed of networks of filaments known as _______. - ANSWER: Hyphae
What structure is formed by hyphae? - ANSWER: above ground and underground
metabolic strategies of Parasitic - ANSWER: absorb nutrients from living organisms
metabolic strategies of Lichen-forming - ANSWER: Live in association with green
algae.
metabolic strategies of Mycorrhizal - ANSWER: Live in association with plant roots.
metabolic strategies of Endophytic - ANSWER: live inside of land plants in above
ground areas in a mutualistic relationship
metabolic strategies of Saprophytic - ANSWER: Digest dead plant material.
Describe the mutualistic relationships in which fungi participate: Lichens - ANSWER:
symbiotic; 2 organisms live together. as lichen experience light fungi feed off sugar
while the fungi provide protection to the algae
Describe the mutualistic relationships in which fungi participate: Ectomychorrhizal
fungi - ANSWER: form sheaths around roots and penetrate between root cells
Describe the mutualistic relationships in which fungi participate: Arbuscular
mychorrhizal fungi - ANSWER: contact the plasma membranes of root cells.
What is the major component of wood that some saprophytic fungi can digest? -
ANSWER: lignin
describe fungal "generalized life cycle" - ANSWER: uhhhhhh
Are fungi male and female? - ANSWER: both; asexual reproduction
What is a spore? - ANSWER: a reproductive cell that diploid cells commonly make
Are spores used in asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, or both? - ANSWER:
both
QUESTIONS WITH WELL ELABORATED ANSWERS
(CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS) LATEST UPDATED
VERSION |ALREADY GRADED A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
DISCLAIMER TO ANYONE USING THIS QUIZLET: SEI 7 AND 8 ARE NOT INCLUDED IN
THIS SET - ANSWER: GOOD LUCK
Are protists prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms? - ANSWER: Eukaryotic
Are protists unicellular, multicellular, or are both present in this group? - ANSWER:
both unicellular and multicellular organisms
Explain the morphological innovations of: Nuclear membrane and Endomembrane
Organelles - ANSWER: an early eukaryote may have engulfed a smaller eukaryote as
a food source but instead of the food vacuole digesting the cell, the vacuole was
used as a cell wall and the engulfed cell and created a nuclear membrane and the
organelles inside evolved by folding to create them
Explain the morphological innovations of: Mitochondria - ANSWER: Early Eukaryote
absorbs early aerobic prokaryote as food but instead of being digested, the food
vacuole is now a an outermembrane
Explain the morphological innovations of: Chloroplasts - ANSWER: early eukaryote
absorbs an early photosynthetic cyanobacterium
What are the characteristics of groups from a phylogenetic tree that would be
considered monophyletic? - ANSWER: Group contains the common ancestor, all
decedents of that ancestor, and no other organisms
What are the characteristics of groups from a phylogenetic tree that would be
considered polyphyletic? - ANSWER: Group contains the common ancestor, but only
some (not all) of the descendants
What are the characteristics of groups from a phylogenetic tree that would be
considered paraphyletic? - ANSWER: Group does not contain its common ancestor
Do we consider the phylogeny of protists to be monophyletic, polyphyletic,
paraphyletic, or none of the above? - ANSWER: monophyletic
Protists are definitely diverse, but why do we say that "Protists do not have one
defining characteristic that separates them from all other eukaryotic organisms?" -
ANSWER: because there is only one trait that all protists have in common..
eukaryotic but fit in no other group
, Are fungi prokaryotic or eukaryotic organisms? - ANSWER: eukaryotic
Do we consider the phylogeny of fungi to be monophyletic or paraphyletic? -
ANSWER: monophyletic group
Are fungi unicellular, multicellular, or are both present in this group? - ANSWER:
majority are multicellular
All fungal cells have cell walls made of what material? - ANSWER: chitin
Fungi are composed of networks of filaments known as _______. - ANSWER: Hyphae
What structure is formed by hyphae? - ANSWER: above ground and underground
metabolic strategies of Parasitic - ANSWER: absorb nutrients from living organisms
metabolic strategies of Lichen-forming - ANSWER: Live in association with green
algae.
metabolic strategies of Mycorrhizal - ANSWER: Live in association with plant roots.
metabolic strategies of Endophytic - ANSWER: live inside of land plants in above
ground areas in a mutualistic relationship
metabolic strategies of Saprophytic - ANSWER: Digest dead plant material.
Describe the mutualistic relationships in which fungi participate: Lichens - ANSWER:
symbiotic; 2 organisms live together. as lichen experience light fungi feed off sugar
while the fungi provide protection to the algae
Describe the mutualistic relationships in which fungi participate: Ectomychorrhizal
fungi - ANSWER: form sheaths around roots and penetrate between root cells
Describe the mutualistic relationships in which fungi participate: Arbuscular
mychorrhizal fungi - ANSWER: contact the plasma membranes of root cells.
What is the major component of wood that some saprophytic fungi can digest? -
ANSWER: lignin
describe fungal "generalized life cycle" - ANSWER: uhhhhhh
Are fungi male and female? - ANSWER: both; asexual reproduction
What is a spore? - ANSWER: a reproductive cell that diploid cells commonly make
Are spores used in asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction, or both? - ANSWER:
both
