PHARMACOLOGY NURS233 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics are used for what?
Used to treat moderate to severe pain. Level of 6 or 7 out of 10
Agonists provide ___
Pain relief
Antagonists ___
Doesn't reduce pain; Compete w/agonist; Reverse effects of pain medicine
Give an example of an Opioid Narcotic Antagonist that can be used for overdose
Narcan
morphine
Narcotic Agonist
Codeine
Narcotic Agonist
methadone (Dolophine)
Narcotic Agonist
oxycodone (Percocet, Roxicodone)
Narcotic Agonists used for acute pain
fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Narcotic Agonist; quick but short lasting; can be in patch form; chronic
hydrocodone (Lortab, Norco)
Narcotic Agonist
,meperidine (Demerol)
Narcotic Agonist
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
Narcotic Agonist
tramadol (Ultram)
Narcotic Agonist
Adverse Effects: Narcotic Agonists
*some say these cause them to itch
*CNS Depression
*Hypotension
*Respiratory depression (cough supression)
*N/V/constipation
*Urinary retention (patient's w/enlarged prostates)
Drug Interactions: Narcotic Agonists
*CNS depressants (alcohol, etc.)
*can increase CNS depressant effects
*drops resp. rate & drive; low blood pressure
Nursing Implications: Narcotic Agonists
Health Status: baseline vitals, pain level, resp./GI/GU
Life Span & Gender: very young .vs. very old, men .vs. women
Lifestyle, Diet, & Habits: opioid naive .vs. opioid tolerant, withdrawal (can occur in as
little as 2 weeks), want to know bowel patterns & if you have enlarged prostate
Enviro.: use of controlled substances in certain enviro.
, Culture & Inherited Traits: people learn how to respond to pain from families, society, &
cultures of origin
Opioid OD Triad
coma, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils
How do we manage an opioid OD?
opioid antagonists; Naloxone (Narcan); monitor patient for continued respiratory
depression while administering Narcan, may require multiple doses to get it managed
Prostaglandins
mediate inflammatory response; cause redness; pain, etc.
Drugs to Treat Inflammation and Fever
Salicylates (aspirin)-mostly for inflammation
NSAID's (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)-mostly for inflammation
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)= non-opioid pain med.
acetylsalicylic acid (Bayer aspirin, ASA, ECASA)
Salicylates
What pain level are salicylates used for?
1, 3, or 4
Indications: Salicylates
indicated for mild-moderate pain such as arthritis; prevention of TIAs, CVA's, and MI's;
also has antipyretic effects
Contraindications/Precautions: Salicylates
PUD, GIB; Renal/Liver Failure; Children w/flu like symptoms; Bleeding risk; ASA triad
Adverse Effects: Salicylates
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics are used for what?
Used to treat moderate to severe pain. Level of 6 or 7 out of 10
Agonists provide ___
Pain relief
Antagonists ___
Doesn't reduce pain; Compete w/agonist; Reverse effects of pain medicine
Give an example of an Opioid Narcotic Antagonist that can be used for overdose
Narcan
morphine
Narcotic Agonist
Codeine
Narcotic Agonist
methadone (Dolophine)
Narcotic Agonist
oxycodone (Percocet, Roxicodone)
Narcotic Agonists used for acute pain
fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Narcotic Agonist; quick but short lasting; can be in patch form; chronic
hydrocodone (Lortab, Norco)
Narcotic Agonist
,meperidine (Demerol)
Narcotic Agonist
hydromorphone (Dilaudid)
Narcotic Agonist
tramadol (Ultram)
Narcotic Agonist
Adverse Effects: Narcotic Agonists
*some say these cause them to itch
*CNS Depression
*Hypotension
*Respiratory depression (cough supression)
*N/V/constipation
*Urinary retention (patient's w/enlarged prostates)
Drug Interactions: Narcotic Agonists
*CNS depressants (alcohol, etc.)
*can increase CNS depressant effects
*drops resp. rate & drive; low blood pressure
Nursing Implications: Narcotic Agonists
Health Status: baseline vitals, pain level, resp./GI/GU
Life Span & Gender: very young .vs. very old, men .vs. women
Lifestyle, Diet, & Habits: opioid naive .vs. opioid tolerant, withdrawal (can occur in as
little as 2 weeks), want to know bowel patterns & if you have enlarged prostate
Enviro.: use of controlled substances in certain enviro.
, Culture & Inherited Traits: people learn how to respond to pain from families, society, &
cultures of origin
Opioid OD Triad
coma, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils
How do we manage an opioid OD?
opioid antagonists; Naloxone (Narcan); monitor patient for continued respiratory
depression while administering Narcan, may require multiple doses to get it managed
Prostaglandins
mediate inflammatory response; cause redness; pain, etc.
Drugs to Treat Inflammation and Fever
Salicylates (aspirin)-mostly for inflammation
NSAID's (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)-mostly for inflammation
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)= non-opioid pain med.
acetylsalicylic acid (Bayer aspirin, ASA, ECASA)
Salicylates
What pain level are salicylates used for?
1, 3, or 4
Indications: Salicylates
indicated for mild-moderate pain such as arthritis; prevention of TIAs, CVA's, and MI's;
also has antipyretic effects
Contraindications/Precautions: Salicylates
PUD, GIB; Renal/Liver Failure; Children w/flu like symptoms; Bleeding risk; ASA triad
Adverse Effects: Salicylates
