Immune System-B Questions and Answers
1. Antibody: detects the antigen
2. Then together antibody and antigen form: antigen-antibody complex
3. The neutrophils, or white blood cells, are what: come to destroy the antigen
4. That antigen could be: bacteria, virus, etc.
5. Antibody has: antigen binding site
6. As you see, the structure of an antibody contains: heavy chain, light chain, and together form
the antigen binding sites
7. **Complement system: Let's say we have bacterial infection, that bacteria stimulates: the IgG
and IgM antibodies
8. Complement system steps: 1. bacteria stimulates the IgG and IgM antibodies
2. IgG and IgM antibodies activate C1
3. C1 activates C4
4. C4 becomes C4a and C4b
5. C4b activates C2 and C3
6. C3 becomes C3a and C3b
7. C3b converts C5 into C5a and C5b
8. C3a with C5a stimulate the mast cells
9. mast cells release histamine
10.histamine relaxes the blood vessels wall
11. Then neutrophils come to the infected area and start to destroy the bacteria
12.Meanwhile, C5 through C9 form a membrane that surrounds the bacteria and inhibits the
bacterial cell proliferation to control the infection process
9. IgG and IgM antibodies activate: complement 1
10.Complement 1 activates: Complement 4
11.And complement 4 itself becomes: C4a and C4b
12.Complement 4b (C4b) activates: C2 and C3
13.C3 becomes: C3a and C3b
14.C3b converts or stimulates: C5
15.And after activation of C5 then becomes: C5a and C5b
16.Now, C3a together with C5a: stimulate the mast cells
17.And mast cells: release histamine
18.Histamine relaxes: the blood vessels wall
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1. Antibody: detects the antigen
2. Then together antibody and antigen form: antigen-antibody complex
3. The neutrophils, or white blood cells, are what: come to destroy the antigen
4. That antigen could be: bacteria, virus, etc.
5. Antibody has: antigen binding site
6. As you see, the structure of an antibody contains: heavy chain, light chain, and together form
the antigen binding sites
7. **Complement system: Let's say we have bacterial infection, that bacteria stimulates: the IgG
and IgM antibodies
8. Complement system steps: 1. bacteria stimulates the IgG and IgM antibodies
2. IgG and IgM antibodies activate C1
3. C1 activates C4
4. C4 becomes C4a and C4b
5. C4b activates C2 and C3
6. C3 becomes C3a and C3b
7. C3b converts C5 into C5a and C5b
8. C3a with C5a stimulate the mast cells
9. mast cells release histamine
10.histamine relaxes the blood vessels wall
11. Then neutrophils come to the infected area and start to destroy the bacteria
12.Meanwhile, C5 through C9 form a membrane that surrounds the bacteria and inhibits the
bacterial cell proliferation to control the infection process
9. IgG and IgM antibodies activate: complement 1
10.Complement 1 activates: Complement 4
11.And complement 4 itself becomes: C4a and C4b
12.Complement 4b (C4b) activates: C2 and C3
13.C3 becomes: C3a and C3b
14.C3b converts or stimulates: C5
15.And after activation of C5 then becomes: C5a and C5b
16.Now, C3a together with C5a: stimulate the mast cells
17.And mast cells: release histamine
18.Histamine relaxes: the blood vessels wall
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