Y106 OCR A LEVEL HISTORY QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS.Buy Quality Materials!
How did the NCAI advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-
1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- Used political and legal tactics to pressure federal government to advance rights.
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- First united group of Native Americans from different tribes working towards ending
reservations and integration. (No impact as such but the unity provided the NCAI helped
stem divisions between tribes didn't didn't see themselves as natural allies)
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- Focused on improving the education of Native American children.
- Established the Indian Claims Commission (ICC) which gave financial support for
Native Americans to make legal claims against federal government over land disputes.
While the commission failed to return any land, its efforts helped provide compensation
to many Native Americans.
How did AIM advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- N/A
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- (Formed 1968) Civil disobedience such as the Siege of Alcatraz 1969 and occupation
of Mount Rushmore 1971 helped raise the profile and general awareness of Native
American rights in wider political culture.
- Setting up survival schools on reservations helped preserve Native American culture,
as along with future legislation this allowed Native Americans to dictate their own
curriculums and preserve tribal languages and traditions, while also preventing cultural
assimilation through education by federal government.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- N/A
How did Red Power advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-
1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- Siege of Alcatraz 1969 - asserted the unified demands of Native Americans for the first
time.
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- Main goal was to stop the assimilation of Native Americans into society (End policy of
assimilation)
- Highlight difference as a strength.
, - Occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 1972 (with AIM) while unsuccessful in
progressing rights, helped raise awareness of the Red Power movement.
- Occupation of Wounded Knee in 1973
- Published literature to protect heritage and culture.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- N/A
How did the NIYC advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-
1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- N/A
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- Formed in response to termination policy and took on legal cases to protect treaties
and religious freedom.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- Established in 1961, focused on environmental issues and seized land from tribes - i.e.
ancestral land used for mining.
- Staged fish-ins and boycotts to protest stolen land.
- Held March on Washington to raise awareness
What impact did the Plains Wars (/Reservation Policy) have on Native American
rights in the USA (1865-1992)?
Plains Wars fought between 1862-c.1868
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- Result of westward expansion into the Great Plains.
- Treaties such as the Fort Laramie treaties were signed to end the Plains War's -
started the Reservation policy.
- Reservation policy introduced which forced Native Americans into small section of
land. They had no legal protection under the constitution, as they weren't deemed to be
citizens, yet they had no political autonomy or sovereignty. - They were deemed to be
'wards' of the state.
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- Manifest Destiny of cultural assimilation and imposing White American Christian
values on Native communities
- Subsequent legislation to the Plains Wars restricted Native American's freedom to
conduct spiritual/religious practices and imposed on their cultural freedoms.
- Reservations allowed for 're-education' of Native Americans - in essence committing
cultural genocide.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- Native Americans already forced onto the Great Plains by the arrival of European
settlers on the east coast, however the seizure of their land and creation of reservations
drastically reduced their tribal lands.
ANSWERS.Buy Quality Materials!
How did the NCAI advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-
1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- Used political and legal tactics to pressure federal government to advance rights.
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- First united group of Native Americans from different tribes working towards ending
reservations and integration. (No impact as such but the unity provided the NCAI helped
stem divisions between tribes didn't didn't see themselves as natural allies)
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- Focused on improving the education of Native American children.
- Established the Indian Claims Commission (ICC) which gave financial support for
Native Americans to make legal claims against federal government over land disputes.
While the commission failed to return any land, its efforts helped provide compensation
to many Native Americans.
How did AIM advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- N/A
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- (Formed 1968) Civil disobedience such as the Siege of Alcatraz 1969 and occupation
of Mount Rushmore 1971 helped raise the profile and general awareness of Native
American rights in wider political culture.
- Setting up survival schools on reservations helped preserve Native American culture,
as along with future legislation this allowed Native Americans to dictate their own
curriculums and preserve tribal languages and traditions, while also preventing cultural
assimilation through education by federal government.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- N/A
How did Red Power advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-
1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- Siege of Alcatraz 1969 - asserted the unified demands of Native Americans for the first
time.
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- Main goal was to stop the assimilation of Native Americans into society (End policy of
assimilation)
- Highlight difference as a strength.
, - Occupation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs 1972 (with AIM) while unsuccessful in
progressing rights, helped raise awareness of the Red Power movement.
- Occupation of Wounded Knee in 1973
- Published literature to protect heritage and culture.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- N/A
How did the NIYC advance or restrict Native American rights in the USA (1865-
1992)?
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- N/A
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- Formed in response to termination policy and took on legal cases to protect treaties
and religious freedom.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- Established in 1961, focused on environmental issues and seized land from tribes - i.e.
ancestral land used for mining.
- Staged fish-ins and boycotts to protest stolen land.
- Held March on Washington to raise awareness
What impact did the Plains Wars (/Reservation Policy) have on Native American
rights in the USA (1865-1992)?
Plains Wars fought between 1862-c.1868
Political (Native Sovereignty and autonomy):
- Result of westward expansion into the Great Plains.
- Treaties such as the Fort Laramie treaties were signed to end the Plains War's -
started the Reservation policy.
- Reservation policy introduced which forced Native Americans into small section of
land. They had no legal protection under the constitution, as they weren't deemed to be
citizens, yet they had no political autonomy or sovereignty. - They were deemed to be
'wards' of the state.
Social (Minority rights and cultural freedom):
- Manifest Destiny of cultural assimilation and imposing White American Christian
values on Native communities
- Subsequent legislation to the Plains Wars restricted Native American's freedom to
conduct spiritual/religious practices and imposed on their cultural freedoms.
- Reservations allowed for 're-education' of Native Americans - in essence committing
cultural genocide.
Economic (Restoration of seized land and financial compensation):
- Native Americans already forced onto the Great Plains by the arrival of European
settlers on the east coast, however the seizure of their land and creation of reservations
drastically reduced their tribal lands.
