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What were the three main areas of tension surrounding Charles I's rule between
1625-1629, and Personal Rule (1629-1640)?
Power
Finance
Religion
1625-1629
What evidence can be used to support an argument for 'Power' being the most
important factor in [the subject of the question]?
1) 1627 - 5 Knights Case - 5 MP's arrested for refusing to pay forced loans. 2 MP's die
in the Tower of London. Parliament accuses Charles of corruption. (Shows Charles
abuse of power in order to raise funds)
2) 1628 - La Rochelle expedition fails for the second time - Charles seen by many to be
abusing his power to continue war with France. Buckingham (involved in expedition)
murdered by angry unpaid soldier. Shows widespread unpopularity across both
Parliament and the public.
3) 1628 - 2 out of 3 of the clauses of the Petition of Right are to do with Charles' abuse
of power. i.e., banning of martial law, and innocence before proven guilty in courts. In
return for Charles signing, parliament gives him 5 subsidies which shows that power
was the bigger problem than money.
Power was a consistently significant issue throughout the period, and often led to the
dismissal of parliament. The fact that parliament were willing to cooperate with Charles
in areas such as finance in order to curb his abuse of power, further highlights that it
was the greatest issue.
1625-1629
What evidence can be used to support an argument for 'Finance' being the most
important factor in [the subject of the question]?
1) 1625 - Parliament grants Charles 2 subsidies for the war with Spain. Charles was
disappointed as he needed £1M, however it shows that parliament were willing to
cooperate with Charles in financing his endeavours.
2) - 1628 - Forced Loans banned under the Petition of Right. Shows that finance is an
important issue, however the abuse of power is more important as parliament grant
Charles 5 subsidies in return for signing the petition.
3) 1629 - 2 of the 3 Resolutions are to do with the collection of tonnage and poundage
(imposition). Shows that finance became more of an issue towards the end of the period
(debt = £2M in 1629).