MD1TALK
Congestive Heart failure
Patho:
Failure of pump → ↓ contractility → ↓ Cardiac output → ↓ Renal
blood flow → ↑ Angiotensin 2 → generalized V.C and Increase
aldosterone → salt & water retention → left side congestion → PND -
exertional dyspnea - Orthopnea → Pulmonary hypertension → Right
sided congestion → abdominal pain and hepatomegaly → LL edema &
early dyspepsia → functional murmurs due to dilation of heart.
Causes of HF ( first think about age if you cannot differentiate chose
most common )
1) Neonates & infant Typical manifestation :
• Interrupted feeding → failure to thrive (Also due ↑ demand)
Sweating of forehead → irritability
• Res. distress (nasal flaring & retraction) + chest infection
2) Child same as adult
causes:
1) Non-cardiac:
1) AVM
2) Anemia
3) Thyrotoxicosis (hyper-dynamic circulation)
2) Cardiac divided according to age into: preload and
after load and acquired and any age causes
CHF causes in Pediatric
MD1TALK
AFTER LOAD PRELOAD ACQUIRED AT ANY AGE
Cause 1) Severe AS 1) PDA(MM) 1) Kawasaki 1) Myocarditis
2) Coarctiction of aorta 2) VSD(PSM) 2) RF 2) ARRHYTHMIA'S
3) Hypo-plastic left 3) ASD 3) Infective 3) Cardiomyopathy
heart syndrome - endocarditis(IE)
interrupted arch → Present after 2-3
present at birth or years of age.
few weeks after it ,
with symptoms of HF
due immediate
interruption of LV
COP.
Congestive Heart failure
Patho:
Failure of pump → ↓ contractility → ↓ Cardiac output → ↓ Renal
blood flow → ↑ Angiotensin 2 → generalized V.C and Increase
aldosterone → salt & water retention → left side congestion → PND -
exertional dyspnea - Orthopnea → Pulmonary hypertension → Right
sided congestion → abdominal pain and hepatomegaly → LL edema &
early dyspepsia → functional murmurs due to dilation of heart.
Causes of HF ( first think about age if you cannot differentiate chose
most common )
1) Neonates & infant Typical manifestation :
• Interrupted feeding → failure to thrive (Also due ↑ demand)
Sweating of forehead → irritability
• Res. distress (nasal flaring & retraction) + chest infection
2) Child same as adult
causes:
1) Non-cardiac:
1) AVM
2) Anemia
3) Thyrotoxicosis (hyper-dynamic circulation)
2) Cardiac divided according to age into: preload and
after load and acquired and any age causes
CHF causes in Pediatric
MD1TALK
AFTER LOAD PRELOAD ACQUIRED AT ANY AGE
Cause 1) Severe AS 1) PDA(MM) 1) Kawasaki 1) Myocarditis
2) Coarctiction of aorta 2) VSD(PSM) 2) RF 2) ARRHYTHMIA'S
3) Hypo-plastic left 3) ASD 3) Infective 3) Cardiomyopathy
heart syndrome - endocarditis(IE)
interrupted arch → Present after 2-3
present at birth or years of age.
few weeks after it ,
with symptoms of HF
due immediate
interruption of LV
COP.
