Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalances
(Practice Questions) Chapter 11 with
Verified Answers
How does dehydration affect blood sodium concentration?
A) Dehydration decreases sodium levels
✔✔B) Dehydration increases sodium concentration
C) Dehydration has no effect on sodium concentration
D) Dehydration causes sodium to be excreted
What is the main function of potassium in the body?
A) It supports the immune system
B) It regulates blood glucose levels
✔✔C) It helps maintain normal heart and muscle function
D) It aids in digestion
What is a common effect of low magnesium levels?
A) Excessive thirst
✔✔B) Muscle cramps and tremors
1
,C) Increased appetite
D) Swelling in the extremities
How does potassium deficiency impact the cardiovascular system?
A) It causes arrhythmias and can lead to cardiac arrest
✔✔B) It causes abnormal heart rhythms
C) It increases heart rate
D) It has no effect on the heart
What electrolyte imbalance can cause confusion and seizures?
A) Hypercalcemia
✔✔B) Hyponatremia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypomagnesemia
How does hypercalcemia affect muscle function?
✔✔A) It causes muscle weakness and fatigue
B) It causes muscle spasms and twitching
2
,C) It increases muscle strength
D) It has no effect on muscles
What is the effect of a sodium-rich diet on blood pressure?
✔✔A) It can cause high blood pressure
B) It decreases blood pressure
C) It has no effect on blood pressure
D) It lowers blood pressure
How does the body compensate for respiratory acidosis in terms of electrolyte balance?
A) By excreting potassium
✔✔B) By retaining bicarbonate and excreting hydrogen ions
C) By retaining potassium
D) By excreting sodium
What happens to the potassium levels in the blood during alkalosis?
A) Potassium is excreted in excess
✔✔B) Potassium moves from the blood into cells
3
, C) Potassium levels increase
D) Potassium has no change
What is the effect of insulin on potassium levels in the blood?
A) It increases potassium levels
✔✔B) It causes potassium to move into cells, lowering blood levels
C) It causes potassium to be excreted in the urine
D) It has no effect on potassium
How does hyperkalemia affect muscle function?
✔✔A) It causes muscle weakness, paralysis, and arrhythmias
B) It causes muscle spasms
C) It has no effect on muscles
D) It increases muscle strength
What effect does excessive calcium intake have on the kidneys?
A) It promotes kidney function
B) It improves calcium absorption in the kidneys
4
(Practice Questions) Chapter 11 with
Verified Answers
How does dehydration affect blood sodium concentration?
A) Dehydration decreases sodium levels
✔✔B) Dehydration increases sodium concentration
C) Dehydration has no effect on sodium concentration
D) Dehydration causes sodium to be excreted
What is the main function of potassium in the body?
A) It supports the immune system
B) It regulates blood glucose levels
✔✔C) It helps maintain normal heart and muscle function
D) It aids in digestion
What is a common effect of low magnesium levels?
A) Excessive thirst
✔✔B) Muscle cramps and tremors
1
,C) Increased appetite
D) Swelling in the extremities
How does potassium deficiency impact the cardiovascular system?
A) It causes arrhythmias and can lead to cardiac arrest
✔✔B) It causes abnormal heart rhythms
C) It increases heart rate
D) It has no effect on the heart
What electrolyte imbalance can cause confusion and seizures?
A) Hypercalcemia
✔✔B) Hyponatremia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypomagnesemia
How does hypercalcemia affect muscle function?
✔✔A) It causes muscle weakness and fatigue
B) It causes muscle spasms and twitching
2
,C) It increases muscle strength
D) It has no effect on muscles
What is the effect of a sodium-rich diet on blood pressure?
✔✔A) It can cause high blood pressure
B) It decreases blood pressure
C) It has no effect on blood pressure
D) It lowers blood pressure
How does the body compensate for respiratory acidosis in terms of electrolyte balance?
A) By excreting potassium
✔✔B) By retaining bicarbonate and excreting hydrogen ions
C) By retaining potassium
D) By excreting sodium
What happens to the potassium levels in the blood during alkalosis?
A) Potassium is excreted in excess
✔✔B) Potassium moves from the blood into cells
3
, C) Potassium levels increase
D) Potassium has no change
What is the effect of insulin on potassium levels in the blood?
A) It increases potassium levels
✔✔B) It causes potassium to move into cells, lowering blood levels
C) It causes potassium to be excreted in the urine
D) It has no effect on potassium
How does hyperkalemia affect muscle function?
✔✔A) It causes muscle weakness, paralysis, and arrhythmias
B) It causes muscle spasms
C) It has no effect on muscles
D) It increases muscle strength
What effect does excessive calcium intake have on the kidneys?
A) It promotes kidney function
B) It improves calcium absorption in the kidneys
4
