NUR1060 CH.16 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
eyelids
of two types of muscle (striated and smooth). their purpose is to
-protect the eye from foreign bodies
-limit amount of light entering eye
-distributes tears
lateral and medial canthus
medial canthus allows for tear drainage via two small openings (puncta)
external structures of eye
eyelashes
filter dust and air from entering the eye
conjuctiva
thin, transparent, continuous membrane that is divided into two portions:
1. papebral- lines inside of eyelid
2. bulbar- covers most of anterior eye connecting with the cornea at the limbus
lacrimal apparatus
consists of glands and ducts that lubricate the eye
lacrimal gland
upper outer corner of the orbital cavity; produces tears, as the lid blinks, tears run
across the eye and drain into the puncta, which are visible in the upper an lower lids at
the inner canthus
,lacrimal canals
tears empty into the lacrimal canals and channeled into the nasolacrimal duct then drain
into the nasal meatus
the eye is composed of three separate coats or layers. the external layer is
composed of the sclera & cornea
sclera: dense, protective white covering that physically supports the internal structures
of the eye it is continuous with the transparent cornea.
cornea:permits the entrance of light, which passes through the lens to the retina
the eye is composed of three separate coats or layers. the middle layer contains
both a anterior portion which contains the iris and cilary body. and a posterior
portion which includes the choroid
cilary body: controls thickness of lens, which must be adapted to focus on objects from
near or far away
iris: circular disk of muscle containing pigments that determine eye color. the center of
the iris is called the pupil: controls the amount of light entering the eye
choroid layer: contains the vascularity necessary to provide nourishment to the inner
aspect of the eye and prevents light from reflecting internally
lens
biconvex, transparent, avascular, encapsulated structure located immediately posterior
to the iris. suspensory ligaments attached t the cilary body support the position of the
lens. functions to refract light into the retina. shape of lens is controlled by cilary body.
, *the lens bulges to focus of close objects and flattens to focus on far objects*
the eye is composed of three separate coats or layers. the innermost layer, the
retina.
extend only to ciliary body anterior. it receives vision stimuli and sends it to the brain
anatomy of the eye
the retina consists of layers: rods and cones
theyre are referred to as photo receptors because they are sensitive to light, regulate
black-white and function in dim light. the cones function in bright light and are sensitive
to color
optic disc
cream colored circular area located on the retina toward the medial side of the eye. this
is where the optic nerve enters the eye.
physiologic cup
1/3 the size of the entire optic disc ad appears somewhat lighter/whiter than the disc
borders
retinal vessels
four sets of arterioles and venules trave through the optic disc, bifurcate and extend to
the periphery of the fundus; vessels are bright red and grow narrower as they extend
outward. arterioles carry oxygenated blood and appear brighter red and narrower
than veins
anterior chamber
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
eyelids
of two types of muscle (striated and smooth). their purpose is to
-protect the eye from foreign bodies
-limit amount of light entering eye
-distributes tears
lateral and medial canthus
medial canthus allows for tear drainage via two small openings (puncta)
external structures of eye
eyelashes
filter dust and air from entering the eye
conjuctiva
thin, transparent, continuous membrane that is divided into two portions:
1. papebral- lines inside of eyelid
2. bulbar- covers most of anterior eye connecting with the cornea at the limbus
lacrimal apparatus
consists of glands and ducts that lubricate the eye
lacrimal gland
upper outer corner of the orbital cavity; produces tears, as the lid blinks, tears run
across the eye and drain into the puncta, which are visible in the upper an lower lids at
the inner canthus
,lacrimal canals
tears empty into the lacrimal canals and channeled into the nasolacrimal duct then drain
into the nasal meatus
the eye is composed of three separate coats or layers. the external layer is
composed of the sclera & cornea
sclera: dense, protective white covering that physically supports the internal structures
of the eye it is continuous with the transparent cornea.
cornea:permits the entrance of light, which passes through the lens to the retina
the eye is composed of three separate coats or layers. the middle layer contains
both a anterior portion which contains the iris and cilary body. and a posterior
portion which includes the choroid
cilary body: controls thickness of lens, which must be adapted to focus on objects from
near or far away
iris: circular disk of muscle containing pigments that determine eye color. the center of
the iris is called the pupil: controls the amount of light entering the eye
choroid layer: contains the vascularity necessary to provide nourishment to the inner
aspect of the eye and prevents light from reflecting internally
lens
biconvex, transparent, avascular, encapsulated structure located immediately posterior
to the iris. suspensory ligaments attached t the cilary body support the position of the
lens. functions to refract light into the retina. shape of lens is controlled by cilary body.
, *the lens bulges to focus of close objects and flattens to focus on far objects*
the eye is composed of three separate coats or layers. the innermost layer, the
retina.
extend only to ciliary body anterior. it receives vision stimuli and sends it to the brain
anatomy of the eye
the retina consists of layers: rods and cones
theyre are referred to as photo receptors because they are sensitive to light, regulate
black-white and function in dim light. the cones function in bright light and are sensitive
to color
optic disc
cream colored circular area located on the retina toward the medial side of the eye. this
is where the optic nerve enters the eye.
physiologic cup
1/3 the size of the entire optic disc ad appears somewhat lighter/whiter than the disc
borders
retinal vessels
four sets of arterioles and venules trave through the optic disc, bifurcate and extend to
the periphery of the fundus; vessels are bright red and grow narrower as they extend
outward. arterioles carry oxygenated blood and appear brighter red and narrower
than veins
anterior chamber
