NURS 1060: ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES (FINAL) EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
what are fluid and electrolytes?
The physiological mechanisms that maintain fluid and electrolyte balance that promote
bodily functions.
what labs are in a BMP?
Glucose
Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Bicarbonate (Total CO2)
Chloride
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
Creatinine
what is a normal sodium level?
135-145 mEq/L
what does sodium play a major role in?
-generation and transmission of nerve impulses
-muscle contractility
-kidneys are the primary regulator of sodium balance
what are sodium imbalances typically associated with?
, parallel changes in osmolality
what is hypernatremia?
high sodium in the blood
what is the result of an impaired level of consciousness or an inability to obtain
fluids?
hypernatremia secondary to water deficiency
what is something that can lead to hypernatremia?
excessive sodium intake with inadequate water intake
what is the primary protection of hypernatremia?
thirst from hypothalamus
what are hypernatremia clinical manifestations?
thirst, lethargy, agitation, seizures and coma
impaired LOC
symptoms of fluid volume deficit
what is a potential complication of hypernatremia?
seizures and coma leading to irreversible brain damage
hypernatremia nursing implementation
-treat underlying cause
-primary water deficit- replace fluid orally or IV with isotonic or hypotonic fluids
-excess sodium- dilute with sodium-free IV fluid to promote excretion with diuretics
what do you monitor with hypernatremia?
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE
what are fluid and electrolytes?
The physiological mechanisms that maintain fluid and electrolyte balance that promote
bodily functions.
what labs are in a BMP?
Glucose
Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Bicarbonate (Total CO2)
Chloride
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
Creatinine
what is a normal sodium level?
135-145 mEq/L
what does sodium play a major role in?
-generation and transmission of nerve impulses
-muscle contractility
-kidneys are the primary regulator of sodium balance
what are sodium imbalances typically associated with?
, parallel changes in osmolality
what is hypernatremia?
high sodium in the blood
what is the result of an impaired level of consciousness or an inability to obtain
fluids?
hypernatremia secondary to water deficiency
what is something that can lead to hypernatremia?
excessive sodium intake with inadequate water intake
what is the primary protection of hypernatremia?
thirst from hypothalamus
what are hypernatremia clinical manifestations?
thirst, lethargy, agitation, seizures and coma
impaired LOC
symptoms of fluid volume deficit
what is a potential complication of hypernatremia?
seizures and coma leading to irreversible brain damage
hypernatremia nursing implementation
-treat underlying cause
-primary water deficit- replace fluid orally or IV with isotonic or hypotonic fluids
-excess sodium- dilute with sodium-free IV fluid to promote excretion with diuretics
what do you monitor with hypernatremia?
