©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
NU 122 Test Review Questions With Correct
Answers
Metabolic alkalosis - answer✔primary increase in bicarbonate (HCO3 −) with or without
compensatory increase in carbon dioxide partial pressure (Pco2); pH may be high or nearly
normal. Common causes include prolonged vomiting, hypovolemia, diuretic use, and
hypokalemia.
treatment of metabolic alkalosis - answer✔-Electrolytes to replace those lost
-IV chloride containing solution
-Treat underlying disorder
replace potassium
Metabolic acidosis - answer✔decreased pH in blood and body tissues as a result of an upset in
metabolism, kidney not enough bicarb, lungs compensate by blowing off CO2
Treatment of metabolic acidosis - answer✔sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
IV Lactate
Respiratory acidosis - answer✔condition that occurs when the lungs cannot remove all of the
carbon dioxide the body produces. This causes body fluids, especially the blood, to become too
acidic
potential increased intercranial pressure
Treatment aimed at improving ventilation
Treatment of respiratory acidosis - answer✔restore effective ventilation, give O2
respiratory alkalosis - answer✔Arise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing)
and a resulting decrease in CO2.
treatment of respiratory alkalosis - answer✔Treatment: Rapid Shallow Rebreathing and correct
hypoxemia
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Ways in which your would educate a patient with diabetes - answer✔Educate them on
American Diabetes Association diet, proper advice on how to administer insulin. How to
properly take care of their feet. How to properly check for water temperature using their
elbows instead of hands.
Why would a patient use their elbow instead of their hand to test water temperature? -
answer✔Due to nerve desensitizing from finger sticks.
Percrentages of ADA diet - answer✔55-65% carbohydrate,
≤ 30% fat,
10-20% protein
45% of calories from carbohydrates
Sick day rules - answer✔Type 1 diabetics-dependent on insulin, still administer insulin if patient
is sick. Check urine for ketones.
Why do we administer insulin to sick patients? - answer✔They are dependent on insulin to
survive. Also illness increases stress on the body.
What do you check when opening a vial of diabetic test strips? - answer✔Test strip number to
make sure it matches the glucometer.
Exercise does what to a diabetic - answer✔decreases glucose
Is it safe to administer insulin before a workout? - answer✔No, activity decreases glucose,
always give glucose post workout. If insulin is needed,. do not inject into muscle that is going to
get exercised.
Insulin is measured in what? - answer✔Units
Phosphorous levels - answer✔2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Sodium levels - answer✔135-145
potassium levels - answer✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L
magnesium levels - answer✔1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Arterial Blood Gases - answer✔clinical test on arterial blood to identify the levels of oxygen and
carbon dioxide
Normal values for Arterial Blood gases - answer✔pH-7.35-7.45
2|Page
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
NU 122 Test Review Questions With Correct
Answers
Metabolic alkalosis - answer✔primary increase in bicarbonate (HCO3 −) with or without
compensatory increase in carbon dioxide partial pressure (Pco2); pH may be high or nearly
normal. Common causes include prolonged vomiting, hypovolemia, diuretic use, and
hypokalemia.
treatment of metabolic alkalosis - answer✔-Electrolytes to replace those lost
-IV chloride containing solution
-Treat underlying disorder
replace potassium
Metabolic acidosis - answer✔decreased pH in blood and body tissues as a result of an upset in
metabolism, kidney not enough bicarb, lungs compensate by blowing off CO2
Treatment of metabolic acidosis - answer✔sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
IV Lactate
Respiratory acidosis - answer✔condition that occurs when the lungs cannot remove all of the
carbon dioxide the body produces. This causes body fluids, especially the blood, to become too
acidic
potential increased intercranial pressure
Treatment aimed at improving ventilation
Treatment of respiratory acidosis - answer✔restore effective ventilation, give O2
respiratory alkalosis - answer✔Arise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing)
and a resulting decrease in CO2.
treatment of respiratory alkalosis - answer✔Treatment: Rapid Shallow Rebreathing and correct
hypoxemia
1|Page
, ©BRIGHTSTARS EXAM SOLUTIONS
11/16/2024 10:16 AM
Ways in which your would educate a patient with diabetes - answer✔Educate them on
American Diabetes Association diet, proper advice on how to administer insulin. How to
properly take care of their feet. How to properly check for water temperature using their
elbows instead of hands.
Why would a patient use their elbow instead of their hand to test water temperature? -
answer✔Due to nerve desensitizing from finger sticks.
Percrentages of ADA diet - answer✔55-65% carbohydrate,
≤ 30% fat,
10-20% protein
45% of calories from carbohydrates
Sick day rules - answer✔Type 1 diabetics-dependent on insulin, still administer insulin if patient
is sick. Check urine for ketones.
Why do we administer insulin to sick patients? - answer✔They are dependent on insulin to
survive. Also illness increases stress on the body.
What do you check when opening a vial of diabetic test strips? - answer✔Test strip number to
make sure it matches the glucometer.
Exercise does what to a diabetic - answer✔decreases glucose
Is it safe to administer insulin before a workout? - answer✔No, activity decreases glucose,
always give glucose post workout. If insulin is needed,. do not inject into muscle that is going to
get exercised.
Insulin is measured in what? - answer✔Units
Phosphorous levels - answer✔2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Sodium levels - answer✔135-145
potassium levels - answer✔3.5-5.0 mEq/L
magnesium levels - answer✔1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Arterial Blood Gases - answer✔clinical test on arterial blood to identify the levels of oxygen and
carbon dioxide
Normal values for Arterial Blood gases - answer✔pH-7.35-7.45
2|Page
