Update 2024-2025 Actual Exam from Credible
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ABG considerations - CORRECT ANSWER: - Assess cardiovascular w/ acidosis
(cardiac arrest from hyperkalemia)
- Assess neuro status
- Fall precautions
Acid autodigestion - CORRECT ANSWER: Prostaglandins provide protective mucosal
barrier that prevents stomach from digesting itself.
acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER: HYPERkalemia
Acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER: reduces the excitability of cardiovascular muscle,
neurons, skeletal muscle, and smooth muscle.
alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER: hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
Alkalosis - CORRECT ANSWER: increases the sensitivity of excitable tissues allowing
them to OVERRESPOND without stimulation
Barium swallow with fluoroscopy - CORRECT ANSWER: allows visualization of the
esophagus in order to determine possible abnormalities.
Barret's Epithelium - CORRECT ANSWER: premalignant; columnar epithelium that
develops in lower esophagus
, Barret's esophagitis - CORRECT ANSWER: Precancerous lesion associated with
GERD
Bicarb HC03 - CORRECT ANSWER: kidney compensation (slow and powerful)
biopsy - CORRECT ANSWER: removal of cells in order to determine the presence of
malignancy.
blood urea nitrogen (BUN) - CORRECT ANSWER: to evaluate volume status.
Candidiasis - CORRECT ANSWER: Fungal infection resulting from overgrowth of
Candida albicans, a normal flora.
Can occur in patients on antibiotics, steroids, radiation treatments, or antirejection
medications.
CBC (complete blood count) - CORRECT ANSWER: to determine fluid status, presence
of infection, and clotting abilities.
Coagulation studies - CORRECT ANSWER: to determine clotting ability.
complications of peptic ulcer disease - CORRECT ANSWER: hemorrhage, perforation,
pyloric obstruction, intractable disease
Diagnostic studies for upper GI - CORRECT ANSWER: Barium swallow with
fluoroscopy - allows visualization of the esophagus in order to determine possible
abnormalities.
Esophagastroduodenoscopy (EGD) or Upper GI endoscopy - allows direct visualization
of the esophagus to determine abnormalities.
Biopsy can also be obtained during the procedure.
Biopsy - removal of cells in order to determine the presence of malignancy.