(PERSONAL USE)
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEWER society as a whole began to believe more strongly in
Reference: Barlow D.H, Durand and Hofmann S.G (2018). Abnormal the existence and power of demons and witches.
psychology: An integrative approach, 8th ed. New York: Nelson Education, Ltd. - Catholic Church had split
- Roman Church fought back against the evil in the
CHAPTER 1: ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR IN THE world
- Magic and sorcery are used to solve their problem
HISTORICAL CONTEXT - Treatments included exorcism
B. Stress and Melancholy Treatments for Possession
I. Understanding Psychopathology - Reflected the enlightened view that insanity was a
Psychological Disorder: A psychological dysfunction within an natural phenomenon, caused by mental or emotional
individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning stress and that it was curable.
and a response that is not typically the or culturally expected. - Mental depression and anxiety were recognized as
1. Psychological Dysfunction - refers to a breakdown in illnesses
cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning. C. Treatments for Possession
2. Distress or Impairment - A creative therapist decided that hanging people over a
3. Atypical or Not Culturally Expected pit full of poisonous snakes might scare evil spirits
4. An accepted definition - describes behavioral, psychological, right out of their bodies.
or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural D. Mass Hysteria
context and associated with present distress and impairment in - Characterized by large-scale outbreaks of bizarre
functioning, or increased risk of suffering, death, pain, or behavior
impairment. - The phenomenon of emotions contagion, in which the
experience of emotions seems to spread to those around
II. The Science of Psychopathology us
- Psychopathology is the scientific study of E. Modern Mass Hysteria
psychological disorders. - If one person identifies a “cause” of the problem,
- Within this field are specially trained professionals, others will probably assume that their reactions have
including clinical and counseling psychologists, the same source. In popular language, this shared
psychiatrists, psychiatric social workers, psychiatric response is sometimes referred to as mob psychology.
nurses, as well as marriage and family therapists and F. The Moon and Stars
mental health counselors. - The movements of the moon and stars had profound
1. Scientist-Practitioners - mental health professionals take a effects on people‟s psychological functioning
scientific approach to their clinical work - Lunatic, which is derived from the Latin word for
2. Clinical Description - represents the unique combination of moon, „luna
behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a specific
disorder CHAPTER 2: ANXIETY DISORDER
Prognosis - anticipated course of the Apprehension over an anticipated problem.
disorder Comorbid to Bipolar disorder, Substance Abuse, Personality
3. Causation, Treatment, and Etiology Outcomes Disorder, and also Medical Conditions
Etiology - the study of origins have to do
with why a disorder begins (what causes Separation Anxiety Disorder
it) and includes biological, - Developmentally inappropriate and excessive
psychological, and social dimensions. fear/anxiety in anticipating or experiencing
separation from the individual to whom they are
III. Historical Conceptions attached.
A. Supernatural Model - the driving forces behind are these - Applied only under 18 (DSM IV-TR), but is now
agents, which might be divinities, demons, spirits, or other dropped in DSM V
phenomena such as magnetic fields or the moon or the stars - Symptoms present for at least 4 weeks in
B. Ancient Greece - the mind has often been called the soul or children/adolescents and 6 months or more in adults
the psyche and considered separate from the body.
Three (3) Models: Selective Mutism
1. the supernatural - Rare childhood anxiety disorder in which a child
2. the biological unable to speak in certain situation/people
3. the psychological - Symptoms for at least 1 month not including a
child‟s 1st month of school
IV. The Supernatural Tradition
A. Demons and Witches Specific Phobia
- Last quarter of the 14th century, religious and lay - Disproportionate fear caused by specific
authorities supported these popular superstitions, and object/situation
- At least 6 months
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY MOCK BOARD REVIEWER
1
, (PERSONAL USE)
- Object/situation is avoided/endured with intense - Disturbed, developmentally inappropriate attachment
anxiety behavior to the caregivers
- Only under age 18 (DSM IV-TR) - Persistent social and emotional disturbance
- At least 9 months of age
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Uncontrollably/persistent worrying about minor Disinhibited Social Engagement
things - Overly familiar actively approached and interacts
- At least 3 months (6 Months in DSM IV TR) with strangers or unfamiliar adults
- With muscle tension - Willingness to go off
- Worry cognitive tendency to chew on a problems - At least 9 months of age
unable to let her go of it
Adjustment Disorder
Agoraphobia - Emotional and behavioral symptoms with significant
- Anxiety about situations in which it would be impairment in functioning after an identifiable
embarrassing or difficult to escape if anxiety stressor (mostly normal stressors)
symptoms occurred
- At least 6 months
WITH TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE
Panic Disorder
- Characterized by frequent panic attacks that are Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
unrelated to specific situation and by worrying about - Exposure to a traumatic events/ severe stressor
having more panic attacks (witnessed/personal) cause an extreme response
- At least 1 month - At least 1 intrusion and 1 avoidance symptom
- At least 3 (or 2 in children) negative alterations in
Social Anxiety Disorder cognition and mood and alteration in arousal and
- Persistent, unrealistically intense fear of social reactivity
situations that might involve being sanitized by - More than 1 month
exposure to unfamiliar people.
- At least 6 months Acute Stress Disorder
- Same w/ PTSD but in shorter duration
- Lasting in 3 days up to 1 month after the exposure
A. Sociocultural Factors - At least 8 months
- Women are twice likely as men
- Problems vary from culture to culture.
- For example: TAIJIN KYO-FUSHO Japan (fear of CHAPTER 4: OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE &
displeasing/ embarrassing others) RELATED DISORDERS
B. Genetic Factors - Obsessions: intrusive and recurring thoughts images or
- Twin studies heritability suggest 20-40% impulses that are persistent and uncontrollable usually
C. Neurobiological Factors irrational
- Fear circuit involved amygdala (more activity) - Compulsions: repetitive, clearly excessive behavior or
- Medial prefrontal cortex (less activity) mental acts that the person feels driven to perform to
D. Personality Factors reduce the anxiety caused by obsessive thoughts to
- Behavioral inhibition during infancy prevent some calamity from occurring
- Neuroticism
E. Cognitive Factors Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- Sustained negative beliefs about the future - Characterized by obsessions or compulsions that are
- Perceived control time-consuming (requires 1 hour per day)
- Attention to threat - Recognize as the product of their mind - Common in
women than in men
CHAPTER 3: TRAUMA & - *chronic
STRESS-RELATED DISORDERS - Begins in childhood
Stress: a psychological responses to adjusted demands
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- Preoccupied with an imagined, exaggerated defect in
WITH NO TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE their appearance
- Has performed repetitive behaviors or mental acts in
Reactive Attachment Disorder response to the appearance concerned
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY MOCK BOARD REVIEWER
2
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEWER society as a whole began to believe more strongly in
Reference: Barlow D.H, Durand and Hofmann S.G (2018). Abnormal the existence and power of demons and witches.
psychology: An integrative approach, 8th ed. New York: Nelson Education, Ltd. - Catholic Church had split
- Roman Church fought back against the evil in the
CHAPTER 1: ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR IN THE world
- Magic and sorcery are used to solve their problem
HISTORICAL CONTEXT - Treatments included exorcism
B. Stress and Melancholy Treatments for Possession
I. Understanding Psychopathology - Reflected the enlightened view that insanity was a
Psychological Disorder: A psychological dysfunction within an natural phenomenon, caused by mental or emotional
individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning stress and that it was curable.
and a response that is not typically the or culturally expected. - Mental depression and anxiety were recognized as
1. Psychological Dysfunction - refers to a breakdown in illnesses
cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning. C. Treatments for Possession
2. Distress or Impairment - A creative therapist decided that hanging people over a
3. Atypical or Not Culturally Expected pit full of poisonous snakes might scare evil spirits
4. An accepted definition - describes behavioral, psychological, right out of their bodies.
or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural D. Mass Hysteria
context and associated with present distress and impairment in - Characterized by large-scale outbreaks of bizarre
functioning, or increased risk of suffering, death, pain, or behavior
impairment. - The phenomenon of emotions contagion, in which the
experience of emotions seems to spread to those around
II. The Science of Psychopathology us
- Psychopathology is the scientific study of E. Modern Mass Hysteria
psychological disorders. - If one person identifies a “cause” of the problem,
- Within this field are specially trained professionals, others will probably assume that their reactions have
including clinical and counseling psychologists, the same source. In popular language, this shared
psychiatrists, psychiatric social workers, psychiatric response is sometimes referred to as mob psychology.
nurses, as well as marriage and family therapists and F. The Moon and Stars
mental health counselors. - The movements of the moon and stars had profound
1. Scientist-Practitioners - mental health professionals take a effects on people‟s psychological functioning
scientific approach to their clinical work - Lunatic, which is derived from the Latin word for
2. Clinical Description - represents the unique combination of moon, „luna
behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a specific
disorder CHAPTER 2: ANXIETY DISORDER
Prognosis - anticipated course of the Apprehension over an anticipated problem.
disorder Comorbid to Bipolar disorder, Substance Abuse, Personality
3. Causation, Treatment, and Etiology Outcomes Disorder, and also Medical Conditions
Etiology - the study of origins have to do
with why a disorder begins (what causes Separation Anxiety Disorder
it) and includes biological, - Developmentally inappropriate and excessive
psychological, and social dimensions. fear/anxiety in anticipating or experiencing
separation from the individual to whom they are
III. Historical Conceptions attached.
A. Supernatural Model - the driving forces behind are these - Applied only under 18 (DSM IV-TR), but is now
agents, which might be divinities, demons, spirits, or other dropped in DSM V
phenomena such as magnetic fields or the moon or the stars - Symptoms present for at least 4 weeks in
B. Ancient Greece - the mind has often been called the soul or children/adolescents and 6 months or more in adults
the psyche and considered separate from the body.
Three (3) Models: Selective Mutism
1. the supernatural - Rare childhood anxiety disorder in which a child
2. the biological unable to speak in certain situation/people
3. the psychological - Symptoms for at least 1 month not including a
child‟s 1st month of school
IV. The Supernatural Tradition
A. Demons and Witches Specific Phobia
- Last quarter of the 14th century, religious and lay - Disproportionate fear caused by specific
authorities supported these popular superstitions, and object/situation
- At least 6 months
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY MOCK BOARD REVIEWER
1
, (PERSONAL USE)
- Object/situation is avoided/endured with intense - Disturbed, developmentally inappropriate attachment
anxiety behavior to the caregivers
- Only under age 18 (DSM IV-TR) - Persistent social and emotional disturbance
- At least 9 months of age
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Uncontrollably/persistent worrying about minor Disinhibited Social Engagement
things - Overly familiar actively approached and interacts
- At least 3 months (6 Months in DSM IV TR) with strangers or unfamiliar adults
- With muscle tension - Willingness to go off
- Worry cognitive tendency to chew on a problems - At least 9 months of age
unable to let her go of it
Adjustment Disorder
Agoraphobia - Emotional and behavioral symptoms with significant
- Anxiety about situations in which it would be impairment in functioning after an identifiable
embarrassing or difficult to escape if anxiety stressor (mostly normal stressors)
symptoms occurred
- At least 6 months
WITH TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE
Panic Disorder
- Characterized by frequent panic attacks that are Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
unrelated to specific situation and by worrying about - Exposure to a traumatic events/ severe stressor
having more panic attacks (witnessed/personal) cause an extreme response
- At least 1 month - At least 1 intrusion and 1 avoidance symptom
- At least 3 (or 2 in children) negative alterations in
Social Anxiety Disorder cognition and mood and alteration in arousal and
- Persistent, unrealistically intense fear of social reactivity
situations that might involve being sanitized by - More than 1 month
exposure to unfamiliar people.
- At least 6 months Acute Stress Disorder
- Same w/ PTSD but in shorter duration
- Lasting in 3 days up to 1 month after the exposure
A. Sociocultural Factors - At least 8 months
- Women are twice likely as men
- Problems vary from culture to culture.
- For example: TAIJIN KYO-FUSHO Japan (fear of CHAPTER 4: OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE &
displeasing/ embarrassing others) RELATED DISORDERS
B. Genetic Factors - Obsessions: intrusive and recurring thoughts images or
- Twin studies heritability suggest 20-40% impulses that are persistent and uncontrollable usually
C. Neurobiological Factors irrational
- Fear circuit involved amygdala (more activity) - Compulsions: repetitive, clearly excessive behavior or
- Medial prefrontal cortex (less activity) mental acts that the person feels driven to perform to
D. Personality Factors reduce the anxiety caused by obsessive thoughts to
- Behavioral inhibition during infancy prevent some calamity from occurring
- Neuroticism
E. Cognitive Factors Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
- Sustained negative beliefs about the future - Characterized by obsessions or compulsions that are
- Perceived control time-consuming (requires 1 hour per day)
- Attention to threat - Recognize as the product of their mind - Common in
women than in men
CHAPTER 3: TRAUMA & - *chronic
STRESS-RELATED DISORDERS - Begins in childhood
Stress: a psychological responses to adjusted demands
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- Preoccupied with an imagined, exaggerated defect in
WITH NO TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE their appearance
- Has performed repetitive behaviors or mental acts in
Reactive Attachment Disorder response to the appearance concerned
ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY MOCK BOARD REVIEWER
2
