NURS 1013 - FINAL REVIEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Values
Personal beliefs about truth and worth of behaviors, thoughts, objects.
Beliefs
Interpretations or conclusions that one accepts as true.
Value Systems
Ranking values based on importance. Construct for personal code of conduct.
Development of Personal and Professional Values
Observations and modeling behaviors and social traditions. Cultural, ethnic, religious
norms.
Value Clarification
Process by which people come to understand their own values and value system. To
clarify values, participate in the process of valuing: choosing prizing acting.
Clarifying Clients' Values
Nurses should strive to understand client decisions and behaviors. Processes: Examine
possible consequences of choices. List alternatives with client benefit and values in
mind. Understand clients may choose freely and should feel good about choice. Affirm
choice. Act on choice. Act with pattern.
Will Your Values Influence Your Care?
,How will you care for clients who: Are injured while under the influence of drugs or
alcohol? Have a STD? Are addicted to drugs? Are desiring an abortion?
Altruism
Concern for the well care of others.
Autonomy
The right to self-determination.
Human Dignity
Treat everyone with respect.
Integrity
What you do when no one is looking.
Social Justice
Upholds moral, legal and human rights.
The Concept of Ethics
The study or examination of morality through a variety of different approaches.
Standards of right and wrong as it relates to conduct and human flourishing. Ethical
behavior is learned beginning in childhood. Tied to morality.
Utilitarian
The consequences of an action determine whether the action was ethical or unethical.
Did the action promote the "greater good?"
Deontological
A rule determines whether or not an action is right or wrong, regardless of the
consequences of the action.
Nursing Ethics
, Subset of bioethics. Formal study of ethical issues in nursing: Beginning and end-of-life
care. Patient confidentiality. Incompetent or illegal practices of colleagues.
How Does the Nurse Promote the Principles of Ethics?
Autonomy - make your own choices. Nonmaleficence - do no harm / avoid doing harm.
Beneficence - for the benefit of the patient. Justice - given each their duty / treat fairly.
Fidelity - to keep your word / promise.
What is a Nursing Code of Ethics?
Succinct statement of nurses' obligations and duties. Guide for a profession's
membership, social contract with the public that it serves. Nonnegotiable Standards Box
6-2 - Student Handbook.
Ethical Dilemma
Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of
action.
Moral Distress
When the nurse knows the right thing to do but either personal or institutional factors
make it difficult to follow the correct course of action.
Examples of Ethical Problems
Paternalism - acting without patient consent to secure good or prevent harm. Deception
- nurses deceive a person for a perceived benefit. Confidentiality & Privacy. Allocation
of scarce nursing resources. Valid consent or refusal.
Informed Consent or Refusal
Informed, or voluntary consent, is needed for: Admission. Specialized diagnostic or
treatment procedure. Any experimental treatments or procedures. Consent must be:
WITH COMPLETE VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A++
Values
Personal beliefs about truth and worth of behaviors, thoughts, objects.
Beliefs
Interpretations or conclusions that one accepts as true.
Value Systems
Ranking values based on importance. Construct for personal code of conduct.
Development of Personal and Professional Values
Observations and modeling behaviors and social traditions. Cultural, ethnic, religious
norms.
Value Clarification
Process by which people come to understand their own values and value system. To
clarify values, participate in the process of valuing: choosing prizing acting.
Clarifying Clients' Values
Nurses should strive to understand client decisions and behaviors. Processes: Examine
possible consequences of choices. List alternatives with client benefit and values in
mind. Understand clients may choose freely and should feel good about choice. Affirm
choice. Act on choice. Act with pattern.
Will Your Values Influence Your Care?
,How will you care for clients who: Are injured while under the influence of drugs or
alcohol? Have a STD? Are addicted to drugs? Are desiring an abortion?
Altruism
Concern for the well care of others.
Autonomy
The right to self-determination.
Human Dignity
Treat everyone with respect.
Integrity
What you do when no one is looking.
Social Justice
Upholds moral, legal and human rights.
The Concept of Ethics
The study or examination of morality through a variety of different approaches.
Standards of right and wrong as it relates to conduct and human flourishing. Ethical
behavior is learned beginning in childhood. Tied to morality.
Utilitarian
The consequences of an action determine whether the action was ethical or unethical.
Did the action promote the "greater good?"
Deontological
A rule determines whether or not an action is right or wrong, regardless of the
consequences of the action.
Nursing Ethics
, Subset of bioethics. Formal study of ethical issues in nursing: Beginning and end-of-life
care. Patient confidentiality. Incompetent or illegal practices of colleagues.
How Does the Nurse Promote the Principles of Ethics?
Autonomy - make your own choices. Nonmaleficence - do no harm / avoid doing harm.
Beneficence - for the benefit of the patient. Justice - given each their duty / treat fairly.
Fidelity - to keep your word / promise.
What is a Nursing Code of Ethics?
Succinct statement of nurses' obligations and duties. Guide for a profession's
membership, social contract with the public that it serves. Nonnegotiable Standards Box
6-2 - Student Handbook.
Ethical Dilemma
Two or more clear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses of
action.
Moral Distress
When the nurse knows the right thing to do but either personal or institutional factors
make it difficult to follow the correct course of action.
Examples of Ethical Problems
Paternalism - acting without patient consent to secure good or prevent harm. Deception
- nurses deceive a person for a perceived benefit. Confidentiality & Privacy. Allocation
of scarce nursing resources. Valid consent or refusal.
Informed Consent or Refusal
Informed, or voluntary consent, is needed for: Admission. Specialized diagnostic or
treatment procedure. Any experimental treatments or procedures. Consent must be:
