NURS 1016: PHYSICAL CHANGES EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE
What is aging?
The process of change in the properties of a material occurring
over a period
Gradual deterioration of physiological function
genetic
programmed cell death; replication error; DNA damage
cellular
accumulation theories (metabolic by-products; foreign/ environmental
elements)
systems
reduced homeostatic regulation; overall decline in organ system function and
communication
skin changes
• Changes in skin are due to genetic and environmental factors (sun, pollution, cigarette
smoking).
• With age the epidermis (outer layer of skin) thins, making blood vessels and bruises
much more visible.
changes in musculoskeletal system
, Ligaments, tendons and joints become dry, hardened, rigid
and less flexible
Bone mass decreases with age, bones become increasingly
brittle.
Sarcopenia
age related changes to muscles
kyphosis
stooped appearance because of curvature of the
cervical vertebrae that results from reduced bone mineral
density (BMD), if a person's BMD is too low, osteoporosis is
diagnosed
Changes in cardiovascular system
heart muscles and blood vessels stiffen
Left ventricle wall thickens and left Atrium
increases in size. Cardiac output and blood flow are
decreased
changes in respiratory system
Loss of elastic recoil, stiffening of the chest wall and
insufficient gas exchange may occur
Older person's ability to cough is decreased, in addition
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED LATEST
UPDATE
What is aging?
The process of change in the properties of a material occurring
over a period
Gradual deterioration of physiological function
genetic
programmed cell death; replication error; DNA damage
cellular
accumulation theories (metabolic by-products; foreign/ environmental
elements)
systems
reduced homeostatic regulation; overall decline in organ system function and
communication
skin changes
• Changes in skin are due to genetic and environmental factors (sun, pollution, cigarette
smoking).
• With age the epidermis (outer layer of skin) thins, making blood vessels and bruises
much more visible.
changes in musculoskeletal system
, Ligaments, tendons and joints become dry, hardened, rigid
and less flexible
Bone mass decreases with age, bones become increasingly
brittle.
Sarcopenia
age related changes to muscles
kyphosis
stooped appearance because of curvature of the
cervical vertebrae that results from reduced bone mineral
density (BMD), if a person's BMD is too low, osteoporosis is
diagnosed
Changes in cardiovascular system
heart muscles and blood vessels stiffen
Left ventricle wall thickens and left Atrium
increases in size. Cardiac output and blood flow are
decreased
changes in respiratory system
Loss of elastic recoil, stiffening of the chest wall and
insufficient gas exchange may occur
Older person's ability to cough is decreased, in addition
