RN ATI CAPSTONE ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2 FOCUSED
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED .Buy Quality
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Chronic Kidney Disease expected findings electrolytes
Blood electrolytes: Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium; increased potassium,
phosphorus, and magnesium
Chronic Kidney Disease expected findings respiratory
Respiratory: Uremic halitosis with deep sighing, yawning, shortness of breath,
tachypnea, hyperpnea, Kussmaul respirations, crackles, pleural friction rub, frothy pink
sputum
Pneumonia findings
Fever
Chills
Flushed face
Diaphoresis
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Tachypnea
Pleuritic chest pain (sharp)
Sputum production (yellow-tinged)
Crackles and wheezes
Coughing
Dull chest percussion over areas of consolidation
Decreased oxygen saturation levels (expected reference range is 95% to 100%)
Purulent, blood-tinged or rust-colored sputum, which may not always be present
sputum: Purulent, blood-tinged or rust-colored sputum, which may not always be
present
tachypnea
Tuberculosis findings
Persistent cough lasting longer than 3 weeks
Purulent sputum, possibly blood-streaked
Fatigue and lethargy
Weight loss and anorexia
Night sweats and low-grade fever in the afternoon
TB diagnosis should be considered for any client who has a persistent cough,
chest pain, weakness, weight loss, anorexia, hemoptysis, dyspnea, fever, night
sweats, or chills.
Chest x-ray
Can be prescribed to detect active lesions in the lungs.
Pulmonary embolism findings
Anxiety
Feelings of impending doom
Sudden onset of chest pressure
, Pain upon inspiration and chest wall tenderness
Dyspnea and air hunger
Cough
Hemoptysis (less common)
Assessment:
Pleurisy
Pleural friction rub
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Tachypnea
Adventitious breath sounds (crackles) and cough
Heart murmur in S3 and S4
Diaphoresis
Low-grade fever
Decreased oxygen saturation levels (expected reference range is 95% to 100%), low
SaO2, cyanosis
Petechiae (red dots under the skin) over chest and axillae
Distended neck veins
Syncope
Cyanosis
Blood creatinine Results from protein and muscle breakdown
Blood creatinine
Results from protein and muscle breakdown
Kidney disease is the only condition that increases blood creatinine levels.
Kidney function loss of at least 50% causes an elevation of blood creatinine values.
Although muscle mass and amount of creatinine decreases with age, the blood
creatinine values remain constant in older adults who do not have kidney disease.
Right-sided failure
Jugular vein distention
Ascending dependent edema (legs, ankles, sacrum)
Abdominal distention, ascites
Fatigue, weakness
Nausea and anorexia
Polyuria at rest (nocturnal)
Liver enlargement (hepatomegaly) and tenderness
Weight gain
Left-sided heart (ventricular) failure
Hypertension
Coronary artery disease, angina, MI
Valvular disease (mitral and aortic)
Smoking
Renal diagnostics
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Results from the breakdown of protein in the liver, creating the byproduct urea nitrogen
excreted by the kidneys
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED .Buy Quality
Materials!
Chronic Kidney Disease expected findings electrolytes
Blood electrolytes: Decreased sodium (dilutional) and calcium; increased potassium,
phosphorus, and magnesium
Chronic Kidney Disease expected findings respiratory
Respiratory: Uremic halitosis with deep sighing, yawning, shortness of breath,
tachypnea, hyperpnea, Kussmaul respirations, crackles, pleural friction rub, frothy pink
sputum
Pneumonia findings
Fever
Chills
Flushed face
Diaphoresis
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Tachypnea
Pleuritic chest pain (sharp)
Sputum production (yellow-tinged)
Crackles and wheezes
Coughing
Dull chest percussion over areas of consolidation
Decreased oxygen saturation levels (expected reference range is 95% to 100%)
Purulent, blood-tinged or rust-colored sputum, which may not always be present
sputum: Purulent, blood-tinged or rust-colored sputum, which may not always be
present
tachypnea
Tuberculosis findings
Persistent cough lasting longer than 3 weeks
Purulent sputum, possibly blood-streaked
Fatigue and lethargy
Weight loss and anorexia
Night sweats and low-grade fever in the afternoon
TB diagnosis should be considered for any client who has a persistent cough,
chest pain, weakness, weight loss, anorexia, hemoptysis, dyspnea, fever, night
sweats, or chills.
Chest x-ray
Can be prescribed to detect active lesions in the lungs.
Pulmonary embolism findings
Anxiety
Feelings of impending doom
Sudden onset of chest pressure
, Pain upon inspiration and chest wall tenderness
Dyspnea and air hunger
Cough
Hemoptysis (less common)
Assessment:
Pleurisy
Pleural friction rub
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Tachypnea
Adventitious breath sounds (crackles) and cough
Heart murmur in S3 and S4
Diaphoresis
Low-grade fever
Decreased oxygen saturation levels (expected reference range is 95% to 100%), low
SaO2, cyanosis
Petechiae (red dots under the skin) over chest and axillae
Distended neck veins
Syncope
Cyanosis
Blood creatinine Results from protein and muscle breakdown
Blood creatinine
Results from protein and muscle breakdown
Kidney disease is the only condition that increases blood creatinine levels.
Kidney function loss of at least 50% causes an elevation of blood creatinine values.
Although muscle mass and amount of creatinine decreases with age, the blood
creatinine values remain constant in older adults who do not have kidney disease.
Right-sided failure
Jugular vein distention
Ascending dependent edema (legs, ankles, sacrum)
Abdominal distention, ascites
Fatigue, weakness
Nausea and anorexia
Polyuria at rest (nocturnal)
Liver enlargement (hepatomegaly) and tenderness
Weight gain
Left-sided heart (ventricular) failure
Hypertension
Coronary artery disease, angina, MI
Valvular disease (mitral and aortic)
Smoking
Renal diagnostics
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Results from the breakdown of protein in the liver, creating the byproduct urea nitrogen
excreted by the kidneys
