NSG 325 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED.
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Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in
preventive health care?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: A
The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as
indicative of health. People who use this model wait until they are very sick to seek
care.
A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider as well
as receives acupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: D
The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among
physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal
attainment and creating meaning in life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model
may not be enough for someone who believes in the eudaimonistic model. Those who
believe in the eudaimonistic model often look for alternative providers of care.
A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a
persons potential and is experienced within a developmental context is known
as:
a. growth and development.
b. health.
c. functioning.
d. high-level wellness.
ANS: B
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that
realizes a persons potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
Which of the following best describes a client who has an illness?
a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes
b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia
c. Someone with a headache
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina
ANS: C
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of
the subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It
can be described as a response characterized by a mismatch between a persons needs
and the resources available to meet those needs. A person can have a disease without
feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
,Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global
approach to health?
a. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
b. Healthy People 2020
c. Healthy People 2000
d. The U.S. Surgeon General Report
ANS: C
Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark
documents in which a consortium of people representing national organizations worked
with US Public Health Service officials to create a more global approach to health.
Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles
b. Blood pressure screening
c. Interventional cardiac catheterization
d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization
ANS: A
Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. It includes health promotion and
specific protection and encourages increased awareness; thus, education about healthy
lifestyles fits this definition. Blood pressure screening does not prevent disease, but
instead identifies it.
Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention?
a. Selfbreast examination education
b. Yearly mammograms
c. Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer
d. Complete mastectomy for breast cancer
ANS: B
Screening is secondary prevention because the principal goal of screenings is to
identify individuals in an early, detectable stage of the disease process. A mammogram
is a screening tool for breast cancer and thus is considered a method of secondary
prevention.
1. Which of the following statements about ethnic minorities in the United States
is accurate?
a. It is estimated that the percentage of ethnic minorities will decrease during the
next 30 years.
b. It is estimated that ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050.
c. The increasing population of refugees has been a significant contributor to the
increase in ethnic minorities.
d. The increasing population of ethnic minorities has helped decrease the health
disparities faced by this population.
ANS: B
It is estimated that the number of ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050. In
2010, it was estimated that 33% of the population was from an ethnic minority. The
increasing population of immigrants has been a significant contributor to the increasing
populations of major ethnic groups. The increasing populations of ethnic groups is one
factor that is producing disparities in health status and access of the health care system.
, A person states, My grandmother is the decision maker in our family. Which of
the following is being described by the person?
a. Culture
b. Race
c. Ethnicity
d. Values
ANS: A
Culture, as an element of ethnicity, refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that
include the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and
institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups. The term ethnicity encompasses
more than a cultural practice, which is what is being described by the person; it focuses
on differences in meanings, values, and ways of living. Race is associated with power
and indexes the history or ongoing imposition of ones groups authority above another.
Values are beliefs about the worth of something and serve as standards that influence
behavior and thinking.
The nurse recommended to a 50-year-old woman that she schedule a routine
mammogram. Which of the following would be the most important factor in this
womans decision to schedule this exam?
a. Race
b. Ethnicity
c. Cultural values
d. Value orientation
ANS: C
Cultural values guide actions and decision-making that facilitates self-worth and self-
esteem. They shape human behaviors and determine what individuals will do to
maintain their health status, how they will care for themselves, and others who become
ill, and where and from whom they will seek health care. Race is associated with power
and indexes the history or ongoing imposition of ones groups authority above another.
Ethnicity focuses on differences in meanings, values, and ways of living. Value
orientations reflect the personality type of a particular society.
Which of the following actions demonstrates a health care professional providing
culturally competent care?
a. Encouraging the person to take medications as prescribed
b. Asking the person to describe his folk healing methods
c. Demonstrating the proper way to administer an insulin injection
d. Assisting the person with discussing his health problems with the family
ANS: B
It is very important for health care providers to be aware of how people interpret their
health issues or illnesses to be capable to provide culturally competent care. A culturally
competent health care professional should be able to consistently and thoroughly
recognize and understand the differences in his or her culture and that of the patient or
client, to respect the persons values and beliefs, and adjust the approach of delivering
care to meet each persons needs and expectations. Asking the person to describe his
folk healing methods is the only action that demonstrates the health care professional
seeking input from the person into the care that is received.
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Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in
preventive health care?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: A
The clinical model of health views the absence of signs and symptoms of disease as
indicative of health. People who use this model wait until they are very sick to seek
care.
A person with chronic back pain is cared for by her primary care provider as well
as receives acupuncture. Which model of health does this person likely favor?
a. Clinical model
b. Role performance model
c. Adaptive model
d. Eudaimonistic model
ANS: D
The eudaimonistic model embodies the interaction and interrelationships among
physical, social, psychological, and spiritual aspects of life and the environment in goal
attainment and creating meaning in life. Practitioners who practice the clinical model
may not be enough for someone who believes in the eudaimonistic model. Those who
believe in the eudaimonistic model often look for alternative providers of care.
A state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that realizes a
persons potential and is experienced within a developmental context is known
as:
a. growth and development.
b. health.
c. functioning.
d. high-level wellness.
ANS: B
Health is defined as a state of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning that
realizes a persons potential and is experienced within a developmental context.
Which of the following best describes a client who has an illness?
a. Someone who has well-controlled diabetes
b. Someone with hypercholesterolemia
c. Someone with a headache
d. Someone with coronary artery disease without angina
ANS: C
Someone with a headache represents a person with an illness. An illness is made up of
the subjective experience of the individual and the physical manifestation of disease. It
can be described as a response characterized by a mismatch between a persons needs
and the resources available to meet those needs. A person can have a disease without
feeling ill. The other choices represent disease.
,Which US report is considered a landmark document in creating a global
approach to health?
a. The 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation: A Midcourse Review
b. Healthy People 2020
c. Healthy People 2000
d. The U.S. Surgeon General Report
ANS: C
Healthy People 2000 and its Midcourse Review and 1995 Revisions were landmark
documents in which a consortium of people representing national organizations worked
with US Public Health Service officials to create a more global approach to health.
Which of the following represents a method of primary prevention?
a. Informational session about healthy lifestyles
b. Blood pressure screening
c. Interventional cardiac catheterization
d. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization
ANS: A
Primary prevention precedes disease or dysfunction. It includes health promotion and
specific protection and encourages increased awareness; thus, education about healthy
lifestyles fits this definition. Blood pressure screening does not prevent disease, but
instead identifies it.
Which of the following represents a method of secondary prevention?
a. Selfbreast examination education
b. Yearly mammograms
c. Chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer
d. Complete mastectomy for breast cancer
ANS: B
Screening is secondary prevention because the principal goal of screenings is to
identify individuals in an early, detectable stage of the disease process. A mammogram
is a screening tool for breast cancer and thus is considered a method of secondary
prevention.
1. Which of the following statements about ethnic minorities in the United States
is accurate?
a. It is estimated that the percentage of ethnic minorities will decrease during the
next 30 years.
b. It is estimated that ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050.
c. The increasing population of refugees has been a significant contributor to the
increase in ethnic minorities.
d. The increasing population of ethnic minorities has helped decrease the health
disparities faced by this population.
ANS: B
It is estimated that the number of ethnic minorities will increase to one in two by 2050. In
2010, it was estimated that 33% of the population was from an ethnic minority. The
increasing population of immigrants has been a significant contributor to the increasing
populations of major ethnic groups. The increasing populations of ethnic groups is one
factor that is producing disparities in health status and access of the health care system.
, A person states, My grandmother is the decision maker in our family. Which of
the following is being described by the person?
a. Culture
b. Race
c. Ethnicity
d. Values
ANS: A
Culture, as an element of ethnicity, refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that
include the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and
institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups. The term ethnicity encompasses
more than a cultural practice, which is what is being described by the person; it focuses
on differences in meanings, values, and ways of living. Race is associated with power
and indexes the history or ongoing imposition of ones groups authority above another.
Values are beliefs about the worth of something and serve as standards that influence
behavior and thinking.
The nurse recommended to a 50-year-old woman that she schedule a routine
mammogram. Which of the following would be the most important factor in this
womans decision to schedule this exam?
a. Race
b. Ethnicity
c. Cultural values
d. Value orientation
ANS: C
Cultural values guide actions and decision-making that facilitates self-worth and self-
esteem. They shape human behaviors and determine what individuals will do to
maintain their health status, how they will care for themselves, and others who become
ill, and where and from whom they will seek health care. Race is associated with power
and indexes the history or ongoing imposition of ones groups authority above another.
Ethnicity focuses on differences in meanings, values, and ways of living. Value
orientations reflect the personality type of a particular society.
Which of the following actions demonstrates a health care professional providing
culturally competent care?
a. Encouraging the person to take medications as prescribed
b. Asking the person to describe his folk healing methods
c. Demonstrating the proper way to administer an insulin injection
d. Assisting the person with discussing his health problems with the family
ANS: B
It is very important for health care providers to be aware of how people interpret their
health issues or illnesses to be capable to provide culturally competent care. A culturally
competent health care professional should be able to consistently and thoroughly
recognize and understand the differences in his or her culture and that of the patient or
client, to respect the persons values and beliefs, and adjust the approach of delivering
care to meet each persons needs and expectations. Asking the person to describe his
folk healing methods is the only action that demonstrates the health care professional
seeking input from the person into the care that is received.
