Physiology of Farm Animals EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Cell - ANSWER>>Functional unit of all animal life.
Compound Microscope - ANSWER>>Instrument invented by Jansen for cell
observation.
Cell Theory - ANSWER>>All tissues are formed of cells.
Anatomy - ANSWER>>Science of form and structure of organisms.
Physiology - ANSWER>>Study of integrated body functions.
Comparative Anatomy - ANSWER>>Study of structures across various animal
species.
Embryology - ANSWER>>Study of developmental anatomy from conception to
birth.
Microscopic Anatomy - ANSWER>>Study of tissues and cells using a microscope.
Homeostasis - ANSWER>>Maintenance of stable internal conditions.
Growth - ANSWER>>Increase in size of an organism or cell.
Hypertrophy - ANSWER>>Increase in size of a cell or organ.
Hyperplasia - ANSWER>>Increase in size due to more cells.
Atrophy - ANSWER>>Decrease in size from normal.
Aplasia - ANSWER>>Failure of tissue or organ to develop.
Hypoplasia - ANSWER>>Incomplete or defective development of tissue.
,Reproduction - ANSWER>>Ability to produce more cells or organisms.
Absorption - ANSWER>>Process of taking materials through cell membrane.
Endocytosis - ANSWER>>Process of materials entering a cell membrane.
Phagocytosis - ANSWER>>Endocytosis of large particulate materials.
Pinocytosis - ANSWER>>Endocytosis of small amounts of fluid.
Metabolism - ANSWER>>Total biochemical reactions in a cell.
Anabolic Reactions - ANSWER>>Build and maintain cellular components.
Catabolic Reactions - ANSWER>>Break down cellular components.
Exocytosis - ANSWER>>Secretion of products into extracellular fluid.
Irritability - ANSWER>>Ability to react to a stimulus.
Conductivity - ANSWER>>Transmission of electrical impulses in cells.
Contractility - ANSWER>>Ability to shorten in one direction.
Cell Membrane - ANSWER>>Outer barrier consisting of phospholipids and
proteins.
Fluid Mosaic Model - ANSWER>>Describes arrangement of phospholipids in
membranes.
Cholesterol in Membrane - ANSWER>>Adjusts fluidity and flexibility of cell
membranes.
Cell Membrane Proteins - ANSWER>>Facilitate transport and communication
across membranes.
, Cytoplasm - ANSWER>>Material filling the cell, containing organelles.
Organelles - ANSWER>>Intracellular structures with specific functions.
Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER>>Site for synthesis and packaging of products.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER>>Membranous network involved in protein
synthesis.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER>>ER with ribosomes, synthesizes
proteins.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER>>ER without ribosomes, synthesizes
lipids.
Mitochondria - ANSWER>>Powerhouse of the cell, produces ATP.
Cristae - ANSWER>>Folded inner membrane of mitochondria.
Krebs Cycle - ANSWER>>Metabolic pathway in mitochondria for energy.
Lysosomes - ANSWER>>Digestive vesicles containing hydrolytic enzymes.
Peroxisomes - ANSWER>>Degrade lipids and detoxify harmful substances.
Cytoskeleton - ANSWER>>Network providing cell shape and movement.
Nucleus - ANSWER>>Contains genetic material, controls cell functions.
DNA - ANSWER>>Genetic material composed of nucleotides.
Chromatin - ANSWER>>Diffuse form of DNA in non-dividing cells.
Double Helix - ANSWER>>Structure of DNA resembling a twisted ladder.
Nucleotides - ANSWER>>Building blocks of DNA, consist of three parts.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Cell - ANSWER>>Functional unit of all animal life.
Compound Microscope - ANSWER>>Instrument invented by Jansen for cell
observation.
Cell Theory - ANSWER>>All tissues are formed of cells.
Anatomy - ANSWER>>Science of form and structure of organisms.
Physiology - ANSWER>>Study of integrated body functions.
Comparative Anatomy - ANSWER>>Study of structures across various animal
species.
Embryology - ANSWER>>Study of developmental anatomy from conception to
birth.
Microscopic Anatomy - ANSWER>>Study of tissues and cells using a microscope.
Homeostasis - ANSWER>>Maintenance of stable internal conditions.
Growth - ANSWER>>Increase in size of an organism or cell.
Hypertrophy - ANSWER>>Increase in size of a cell or organ.
Hyperplasia - ANSWER>>Increase in size due to more cells.
Atrophy - ANSWER>>Decrease in size from normal.
Aplasia - ANSWER>>Failure of tissue or organ to develop.
Hypoplasia - ANSWER>>Incomplete or defective development of tissue.
,Reproduction - ANSWER>>Ability to produce more cells or organisms.
Absorption - ANSWER>>Process of taking materials through cell membrane.
Endocytosis - ANSWER>>Process of materials entering a cell membrane.
Phagocytosis - ANSWER>>Endocytosis of large particulate materials.
Pinocytosis - ANSWER>>Endocytosis of small amounts of fluid.
Metabolism - ANSWER>>Total biochemical reactions in a cell.
Anabolic Reactions - ANSWER>>Build and maintain cellular components.
Catabolic Reactions - ANSWER>>Break down cellular components.
Exocytosis - ANSWER>>Secretion of products into extracellular fluid.
Irritability - ANSWER>>Ability to react to a stimulus.
Conductivity - ANSWER>>Transmission of electrical impulses in cells.
Contractility - ANSWER>>Ability to shorten in one direction.
Cell Membrane - ANSWER>>Outer barrier consisting of phospholipids and
proteins.
Fluid Mosaic Model - ANSWER>>Describes arrangement of phospholipids in
membranes.
Cholesterol in Membrane - ANSWER>>Adjusts fluidity and flexibility of cell
membranes.
Cell Membrane Proteins - ANSWER>>Facilitate transport and communication
across membranes.
, Cytoplasm - ANSWER>>Material filling the cell, containing organelles.
Organelles - ANSWER>>Intracellular structures with specific functions.
Golgi Apparatus - ANSWER>>Site for synthesis and packaging of products.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER>>Membranous network involved in protein
synthesis.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER>>ER with ribosomes, synthesizes
proteins.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER>>ER without ribosomes, synthesizes
lipids.
Mitochondria - ANSWER>>Powerhouse of the cell, produces ATP.
Cristae - ANSWER>>Folded inner membrane of mitochondria.
Krebs Cycle - ANSWER>>Metabolic pathway in mitochondria for energy.
Lysosomes - ANSWER>>Digestive vesicles containing hydrolytic enzymes.
Peroxisomes - ANSWER>>Degrade lipids and detoxify harmful substances.
Cytoskeleton - ANSWER>>Network providing cell shape and movement.
Nucleus - ANSWER>>Contains genetic material, controls cell functions.
DNA - ANSWER>>Genetic material composed of nucleotides.
Chromatin - ANSWER>>Diffuse form of DNA in non-dividing cells.
Double Helix - ANSWER>>Structure of DNA resembling a twisted ladder.
Nucleotides - ANSWER>>Building blocks of DNA, consist of three parts.
