HEALTH AND WELLNESS - NBHWC EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS .Buy Quality Materials!
Macronutrients
carbohydrates: body's main energy, proteins: build and repair
Fats: digested slowest
Recommended sugar levels
Women: <24g
Men: <36g
Effects of dehydration
Fatigue, allergies, asthma, HBP, High Cholesterol, kidney disorders, digestive and skin
problems, joint pain, weight gain
Effects of Stress
Headaches, muscle pain, stomach problems, sleep problems, anxiety, irritability,
depression, over eating, substance abuse, heart disease, weight gain, HBP, memory
impairment, fatigue
Lack of sleep effects...
Brain, muscles, heart, immunity, growth : increased risk of heart disease, diabetes,
cancer
Suggested sleep times
Adults: 7-9
Newborns: 14-15
Preschoolers: 11-13
School age/teens: 8.5-11
Most common sleep disorders
insomnia, sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy
sympathetic nervous system
fight or flight: non-essential functions are put on hold and there is an increase in cortisol
parasympathetic nervous system
rest and digest, repair
BMI levels
underweight: <18.5
normal: 18.5-24.9
overweight: 25-29.9
obese: >30
Class 1: 30-34.9
Class 2: 35-39.9
Class 3: 40+
Obesity related health risks
Heart disease, diabetes, stroke, some cancers
Cholesterol levels
LDL: <100mg/dL
HDL: >60mg/dL
, Total <200 mg
Triglycerides: <150
Blood Pressure levels
Normal: <120 <80
Prehypertension: 120-129 <80
Hypertension S1: 130-139 80-89
Hypertension S2: 140+ 90+
Hypertensive Crisis: >180 >120
Health related quality of life
a multidimensional concept that focuses on the impact health status has on physical,
mental, emotional, and social function and quality of life overall
well-being
assesses the positive aspects of a person's life
6 dimensions of health
physical, social, intellectual, emotional, spiritual, occupational
social determinants of health
conditions in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship,
and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality of life outcomes and
risks
SHEEN: social community, health care access, economics, education, neighborhood
Travis Illness-Wellness Continuum
Wellness is a process, never a static state, absence of illness doesn't equal wellness
Treatment paradigm: disability, symptoms, signs
Wellness paradigm: awareness, education, growth
Possible Effects of hypertension
Heart disease & stroke (leading causes of death in US)
Symptoms of hypertension
Can be a silent killer with no symptoms, but some symptoms may include headache,
shortness of breath, blurred vision, nosebleeds
Risk factors for hypertension
Elevated BP, diabetes, unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol, obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Family history; age (older), black people have higher risk
Type 1 diabetes
disorder in which the body cannot produce enough insulin
No cure: healthy eating, physical activity, insulin injections
Risk factors: family history, young age, white people are more likely to develop
Type 2 Diabetes (def, treatment, risk factors)
A lifestyle disease that occurs when cells become insulin resistant - 90-95% of diabetics
Prevention: health eating, physical activity, losing weight
Prediabetes
ANSWERS .Buy Quality Materials!
Macronutrients
carbohydrates: body's main energy, proteins: build and repair
Fats: digested slowest
Recommended sugar levels
Women: <24g
Men: <36g
Effects of dehydration
Fatigue, allergies, asthma, HBP, High Cholesterol, kidney disorders, digestive and skin
problems, joint pain, weight gain
Effects of Stress
Headaches, muscle pain, stomach problems, sleep problems, anxiety, irritability,
depression, over eating, substance abuse, heart disease, weight gain, HBP, memory
impairment, fatigue
Lack of sleep effects...
Brain, muscles, heart, immunity, growth : increased risk of heart disease, diabetes,
cancer
Suggested sleep times
Adults: 7-9
Newborns: 14-15
Preschoolers: 11-13
School age/teens: 8.5-11
Most common sleep disorders
insomnia, sleep apnea, restless leg syndrome, narcolepsy
sympathetic nervous system
fight or flight: non-essential functions are put on hold and there is an increase in cortisol
parasympathetic nervous system
rest and digest, repair
BMI levels
underweight: <18.5
normal: 18.5-24.9
overweight: 25-29.9
obese: >30
Class 1: 30-34.9
Class 2: 35-39.9
Class 3: 40+
Obesity related health risks
Heart disease, diabetes, stroke, some cancers
Cholesterol levels
LDL: <100mg/dL
HDL: >60mg/dL
, Total <200 mg
Triglycerides: <150
Blood Pressure levels
Normal: <120 <80
Prehypertension: 120-129 <80
Hypertension S1: 130-139 80-89
Hypertension S2: 140+ 90+
Hypertensive Crisis: >180 >120
Health related quality of life
a multidimensional concept that focuses on the impact health status has on physical,
mental, emotional, and social function and quality of life overall
well-being
assesses the positive aspects of a person's life
6 dimensions of health
physical, social, intellectual, emotional, spiritual, occupational
social determinants of health
conditions in the environments in which people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship,
and age that affect a wide range of health, functioning, and quality of life outcomes and
risks
SHEEN: social community, health care access, economics, education, neighborhood
Travis Illness-Wellness Continuum
Wellness is a process, never a static state, absence of illness doesn't equal wellness
Treatment paradigm: disability, symptoms, signs
Wellness paradigm: awareness, education, growth
Possible Effects of hypertension
Heart disease & stroke (leading causes of death in US)
Symptoms of hypertension
Can be a silent killer with no symptoms, but some symptoms may include headache,
shortness of breath, blurred vision, nosebleeds
Risk factors for hypertension
Elevated BP, diabetes, unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol, obesity, sedentary lifestyle
Family history; age (older), black people have higher risk
Type 1 diabetes
disorder in which the body cannot produce enough insulin
No cure: healthy eating, physical activity, insulin injections
Risk factors: family history, young age, white people are more likely to develop
Type 2 Diabetes (def, treatment, risk factors)
A lifestyle disease that occurs when cells become insulin resistant - 90-95% of diabetics
Prevention: health eating, physical activity, losing weight
Prediabetes
