NERC TEST TERMS AND FORMULAS QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
ACE
Used to determine the generation-load-interchange balance and support interchange
frequency.
Capacitor Bank MVAR Output
Apparent Power
In AC transmission, the measure of Volts times Amperes: Voltamperes (VA)
Generation Shift Factor (GSF)
percentage change of loading on line due to generation. Use to determine redispatch
amounts.
Governor Droop
MW/Hz ratio 5% = 3 Hz range (60 x .05)
Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF)
percentage of change of electrical loading on a line due to electrical power transfer
(interchange) from one area to another. Use to determine amount of interchange to
curtail when transmission tie-lines are overloaded, used in the Transmission Loading
relief (TLR) process.
Outage Transfer Distribution Factor (OTDF)
percentage of change of electrical loading on a line due to electrical power
transfer(interchange) from one area to another while considering outages.
Distribution Factor (DF)
Portion of an interchange transaction, typically expressed in per unit that flows across a
transmission facility (Flowgate).
Interchange Distribution Calculator (IDC)
The mechanism used by RCs in the Eastern Interconnection to calculate the distribution
of Interchange Transactions over specific Flowgates. It includes a database of all
Interchange Transactions and a matrix of the Distribution Factors for the Eastern
Interconnection.
Load Shift Factor (LSF)
A factor to be applied to a load's expected change in demand to determine the amount
of flow contribution that change in demand will impose on an identified transmission
facility or monitored Flowgate.
System Operating Limit (SOL)
The value (such as MW, MVar, Amperes, Frequency or Volts) that satisfies the most
limiting of the prescribed operating criteria for a specified system configuration to ensure
operation within acceptable reliability criteria. System Operating Limits are based upon
certain operating criteria. These include, but are not limited to:
1) Facility Ratings (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency equipment or facility ratings)
2) Transient Stability Ratings (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency Stability Limits)
3) Voltage Stability Ratings (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency Voltage Stability)
4) System Voltage Limits (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency Voltage Limits)
OHMs Law
AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
ACE
Used to determine the generation-load-interchange balance and support interchange
frequency.
Capacitor Bank MVAR Output
Apparent Power
In AC transmission, the measure of Volts times Amperes: Voltamperes (VA)
Generation Shift Factor (GSF)
percentage change of loading on line due to generation. Use to determine redispatch
amounts.
Governor Droop
MW/Hz ratio 5% = 3 Hz range (60 x .05)
Power Transfer Distribution Factor (PTDF)
percentage of change of electrical loading on a line due to electrical power transfer
(interchange) from one area to another. Use to determine amount of interchange to
curtail when transmission tie-lines are overloaded, used in the Transmission Loading
relief (TLR) process.
Outage Transfer Distribution Factor (OTDF)
percentage of change of electrical loading on a line due to electrical power
transfer(interchange) from one area to another while considering outages.
Distribution Factor (DF)
Portion of an interchange transaction, typically expressed in per unit that flows across a
transmission facility (Flowgate).
Interchange Distribution Calculator (IDC)
The mechanism used by RCs in the Eastern Interconnection to calculate the distribution
of Interchange Transactions over specific Flowgates. It includes a database of all
Interchange Transactions and a matrix of the Distribution Factors for the Eastern
Interconnection.
Load Shift Factor (LSF)
A factor to be applied to a load's expected change in demand to determine the amount
of flow contribution that change in demand will impose on an identified transmission
facility or monitored Flowgate.
System Operating Limit (SOL)
The value (such as MW, MVar, Amperes, Frequency or Volts) that satisfies the most
limiting of the prescribed operating criteria for a specified system configuration to ensure
operation within acceptable reliability criteria. System Operating Limits are based upon
certain operating criteria. These include, but are not limited to:
1) Facility Ratings (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency equipment or facility ratings)
2) Transient Stability Ratings (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency Stability Limits)
3) Voltage Stability Ratings (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency Voltage Stability)
4) System Voltage Limits (Applicable pre- and post-Contingency Voltage Limits)
OHMs Law
