CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS CH 32 NUR187 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
(?) : an enzyme responsible for the immediate breakdown of acetylcholine when
released from the nerve ending; prevents overstimulation of cholinergic receptor
sites
acetylcholinesterase:
(?): degenerative disease of the cortex with loss of acetylcholine-producing cells
and cholinergic receptors; characterized by progressive dementia
Alzheimer’s disease
(?): substance that mimics actions of acetylcholine; refers to receptor sites
stimulated by acetylcholine as well as neurons that release acetylcholine
cholinergic agonist
(?): mimicking the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system leading to
bradycardia, hypotension, pupil constriction, increased gastrointestinal
secretions and activity, increased bladder tone, relaxation of sphincters, and
bronchoconstriction
parasympathomimetic
bethanechol is what class of medication
DIRECT-ACTING CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS (MUSCARINIC)
donepezil is what class of medication? (Agents for Alzheimer’s Disease)
,INDIRECT-ACTING CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS
Cholinergic agonists act at the same site as the neurotransmitter (?) and increase
the activity of the ACh receptor sites throughout the body.
acetylcholine (ACh)
Because ACh receptor sites are found extensively throughout the
parasympathetic nervous system, the stimulation of the Cholinergic
agonists produces a response similar to what is seen when the parasympathetic
system is activated. As a result, these drugs are often called (?) because their
action mimics the action of the parasympathetic nervous system
parasympathomimetic
Cholinergic agonists work either directly or (?).
indirectly.
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists occupy receptor sites for ACh on the
membranes of the effector cells of the postganglionic cholinergic nerves, causing
increased stimulation of the (?).
increased stimulation of the cholinergic receptor.
indirect-acting cholinergic agonists cause increased stimulation of the Ach (?) by
reacting with acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for the immediate
breakdown of ACh when released from a nerve ending.
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists prevent acetylcholinesterase from breaking
down the ACh released from the nerve.
, indirect-acting cholinergic agonists cause increased stimulation of the ACh receptor
sites by reacting with acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for the immediate
breakdown of ACh when released from a nerve ending.
acetylcholinesterase prevents (?) of cholinergic receptor sites.
overstimulation
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists react directly with receptor sites to cause the
same reaction as if ACh had stimulated the receptor sites.
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists usually stimulate (?) within the
parasympathetic system. They are used as systemic agents to increase bladder
tone, urinary excretion, and gastrointestinal (GI) secretions and as ophthalmic
agents to induce miosis (constriction of the pupil) to relieve the increased
intraocular pressure of glaucoma
(Systemic absorption usually does not occur when these drugs are used
ophthalmically.)
muscarinic receptors
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists include acetylcholine chloride (Miochol-E),
bethanechol (Duvoid), carbachol (Miostat), cevimeline (Evoxac), and pilocarpine
(Isopto Carpine, Salagen). These agents are used infrequently today because of
their widespread parasympathetic activity. More specific and less toxic drugs are
now available and preferred.
Older patients are more likely to experience the adverse CNS, cardiovascular, GI,
respiratory, and urinary effects associated with Direct-acting cholinergic
agonists. Because older patients often have renal or hepatic impairment, they are
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
(?) : an enzyme responsible for the immediate breakdown of acetylcholine when
released from the nerve ending; prevents overstimulation of cholinergic receptor
sites
acetylcholinesterase:
(?): degenerative disease of the cortex with loss of acetylcholine-producing cells
and cholinergic receptors; characterized by progressive dementia
Alzheimer’s disease
(?): substance that mimics actions of acetylcholine; refers to receptor sites
stimulated by acetylcholine as well as neurons that release acetylcholine
cholinergic agonist
(?): mimicking the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system leading to
bradycardia, hypotension, pupil constriction, increased gastrointestinal
secretions and activity, increased bladder tone, relaxation of sphincters, and
bronchoconstriction
parasympathomimetic
bethanechol is what class of medication
DIRECT-ACTING CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS (MUSCARINIC)
donepezil is what class of medication? (Agents for Alzheimer’s Disease)
,INDIRECT-ACTING CHOLINERGIC AGONISTS
Cholinergic agonists act at the same site as the neurotransmitter (?) and increase
the activity of the ACh receptor sites throughout the body.
acetylcholine (ACh)
Because ACh receptor sites are found extensively throughout the
parasympathetic nervous system, the stimulation of the Cholinergic
agonists produces a response similar to what is seen when the parasympathetic
system is activated. As a result, these drugs are often called (?) because their
action mimics the action of the parasympathetic nervous system
parasympathomimetic
Cholinergic agonists work either directly or (?).
indirectly.
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists occupy receptor sites for ACh on the
membranes of the effector cells of the postganglionic cholinergic nerves, causing
increased stimulation of the (?).
increased stimulation of the cholinergic receptor.
indirect-acting cholinergic agonists cause increased stimulation of the Ach (?) by
reacting with acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for the immediate
breakdown of ACh when released from a nerve ending.
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists prevent acetylcholinesterase from breaking
down the ACh released from the nerve.
, indirect-acting cholinergic agonists cause increased stimulation of the ACh receptor
sites by reacting with acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for the immediate
breakdown of ACh when released from a nerve ending.
acetylcholinesterase prevents (?) of cholinergic receptor sites.
overstimulation
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists react directly with receptor sites to cause the
same reaction as if ACh had stimulated the receptor sites.
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists usually stimulate (?) within the
parasympathetic system. They are used as systemic agents to increase bladder
tone, urinary excretion, and gastrointestinal (GI) secretions and as ophthalmic
agents to induce miosis (constriction of the pupil) to relieve the increased
intraocular pressure of glaucoma
(Systemic absorption usually does not occur when these drugs are used
ophthalmically.)
muscarinic receptors
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists include acetylcholine chloride (Miochol-E),
bethanechol (Duvoid), carbachol (Miostat), cevimeline (Evoxac), and pilocarpine
(Isopto Carpine, Salagen). These agents are used infrequently today because of
their widespread parasympathetic activity. More specific and less toxic drugs are
now available and preferred.
Older patients are more likely to experience the adverse CNS, cardiovascular, GI,
respiratory, and urinary effects associated with Direct-acting cholinergic
agonists. Because older patients often have renal or hepatic impairment, they are
