1) Intracellular fluid (ICF) is found in
A) The cells of the body.
B) Lymph.
C) Blood vessels.
D) The interstitial space.
E) The cerebrospinal fluid - ANSWER A) The cells of the body.
2) The components of extracellular fluid (ECF) include
A) Interstitial fluid.
B) Cerebrospinal fluid.
C) Blood plasma and lymph.
D) All of the above
E) A and B only - ANSWER D) All of the above
3) The major cation of intracellular fluid is
A) Sodium.
B) Calcium.
C) Magnesium.
D) Potassium.
E) Chloride. - ANSWER D) Potassium.
,4) If water is lost but electrolytes are retained,
A) The ECF and the ICF become hypotonic.
B) Water will move via osmosis from the ICF into the ECF.
C) ICF volume increases.
D) ECF osmolarity decreases.
E) Both A and D - ANSWER B) Osmosis moves water from the ICF to the
ECF.
5) When large volumes of pure water are ingested,
A) The osmolalities of the two compartments are slightly lower.
B) The volume of the ECF decreases.
C) A fluid shift occurs and the volume of the ICF decreases.
D) The ECF becomes hypertonic to the ICF.
E) The volume of the ICF decreases. - ANSWER A) Osmolarities of the two
compartments are slightly lower.
6) Ingesting a salty meal will
A) Stimulate the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
B) Lower blood pressure.
C) Temporarily raise blood volume - ANSWER C) Temporarily raise blood
volume.
D) Reduce thirst.
E) Vastly raise the osmolarity of the blood - ANSWER C) Temporarily raise
blood volume.
7) Antidiuretic hormone
,A) Stimulates water conservation by the kidneys.
B) Results in the loss of more urine from the bladder.
C) Causes the kidneys to produce a large volume of urine.
D) Is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to changes in blood
osmolarity.
E) Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium ions. - ANSWER A) Stimulates
water conservation by the kidneys.
8) Aldosterone
A) Is released as a response to high levels of sodium within the blood.
B) Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium.
C) Raises sodium concentration in the urine.
D) Plays a role in acid-base balance.
E) Acts to lower blood volume. - ANWER B) Stimulates the kidneys to retain
sodium.
9) Atrial natriuretic peptide does all of the following, EXCEPT it
A) Lowers thirst.
B) Stimulates diuresis.
C) Inhibits the release of glucocorticoids in response to stress.
D) Blocks the release of aldosterone.
E) Blocks the release of ADH. - ANSWER C) Blocks the release of
glucocorticoids during the stress response.
10) When the level of sodium ion in extracellular fluid decreases,
A) A person experiences an increased thirst.
B) More ADH is released.
, C) There is an increase in the level of aldosterone.
D) There is an increase in the level of atrial natriuretic factor.
E) Osmoreceptors are stimulated. - ANSWER C) There is an increase in the
level of aldosterone.
11) As sodium ion amount increases in the extracellular fluid,
A) There is a decreased thirst.
B) Aldosterone secretion increases.
C) ADH secretion decreases.
D) Osmoreceptors are stimulated.
E) There is an increase in the volume of urine produced - ANSWER D)
Osmoreceptors are stimulated.
12) Excess potassium ion is eliminated from the body by
A) The spleen.
B) Sweating.
C) The liver.
D) The digestive system.
E) The kidneys. - ANSWER E) The kidneys.
13) The rate at which the kidneys secrete potassium is controlled by
A) Cortisol.
B) Atrial natriuretic factor.
C) Aldosterone.
D) Parathormone.
E) ADH. - ANSWER C) Aldosterone.
A) The cells of the body.
B) Lymph.
C) Blood vessels.
D) The interstitial space.
E) The cerebrospinal fluid - ANSWER A) The cells of the body.
2) The components of extracellular fluid (ECF) include
A) Interstitial fluid.
B) Cerebrospinal fluid.
C) Blood plasma and lymph.
D) All of the above
E) A and B only - ANSWER D) All of the above
3) The major cation of intracellular fluid is
A) Sodium.
B) Calcium.
C) Magnesium.
D) Potassium.
E) Chloride. - ANSWER D) Potassium.
,4) If water is lost but electrolytes are retained,
A) The ECF and the ICF become hypotonic.
B) Water will move via osmosis from the ICF into the ECF.
C) ICF volume increases.
D) ECF osmolarity decreases.
E) Both A and D - ANSWER B) Osmosis moves water from the ICF to the
ECF.
5) When large volumes of pure water are ingested,
A) The osmolalities of the two compartments are slightly lower.
B) The volume of the ECF decreases.
C) A fluid shift occurs and the volume of the ICF decreases.
D) The ECF becomes hypertonic to the ICF.
E) The volume of the ICF decreases. - ANSWER A) Osmolarities of the two
compartments are slightly lower.
6) Ingesting a salty meal will
A) Stimulate the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
B) Lower blood pressure.
C) Temporarily raise blood volume - ANSWER C) Temporarily raise blood
volume.
D) Reduce thirst.
E) Vastly raise the osmolarity of the blood - ANSWER C) Temporarily raise
blood volume.
7) Antidiuretic hormone
,A) Stimulates water conservation by the kidneys.
B) Results in the loss of more urine from the bladder.
C) Causes the kidneys to produce a large volume of urine.
D) Is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in response to changes in blood
osmolarity.
E) Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium ions. - ANSWER A) Stimulates
water conservation by the kidneys.
8) Aldosterone
A) Is released as a response to high levels of sodium within the blood.
B) Stimulates the kidneys to retain sodium.
C) Raises sodium concentration in the urine.
D) Plays a role in acid-base balance.
E) Acts to lower blood volume. - ANWER B) Stimulates the kidneys to retain
sodium.
9) Atrial natriuretic peptide does all of the following, EXCEPT it
A) Lowers thirst.
B) Stimulates diuresis.
C) Inhibits the release of glucocorticoids in response to stress.
D) Blocks the release of aldosterone.
E) Blocks the release of ADH. - ANSWER C) Blocks the release of
glucocorticoids during the stress response.
10) When the level of sodium ion in extracellular fluid decreases,
A) A person experiences an increased thirst.
B) More ADH is released.
, C) There is an increase in the level of aldosterone.
D) There is an increase in the level of atrial natriuretic factor.
E) Osmoreceptors are stimulated. - ANSWER C) There is an increase in the
level of aldosterone.
11) As sodium ion amount increases in the extracellular fluid,
A) There is a decreased thirst.
B) Aldosterone secretion increases.
C) ADH secretion decreases.
D) Osmoreceptors are stimulated.
E) There is an increase in the volume of urine produced - ANSWER D)
Osmoreceptors are stimulated.
12) Excess potassium ion is eliminated from the body by
A) The spleen.
B) Sweating.
C) The liver.
D) The digestive system.
E) The kidneys. - ANSWER E) The kidneys.
13) The rate at which the kidneys secrete potassium is controlled by
A) Cortisol.
B) Atrial natriuretic factor.
C) Aldosterone.
D) Parathormone.
E) ADH. - ANSWER C) Aldosterone.
