lOMoAR cPSD| 20569176
BESTLEC SGHDJSAKHSJDHADKHSDHDAKJ
A+
Fluids And Electrolytes Exam Practice Quiz. 100%
Verified Answers 2024/2025
Fluids and Electrolytes (100% Verified Questions and Answers)
1. Four patients arrive at the emergency department at the same time. Which patient will
the nurse see first?
a. An infant with temperature of 102.2˚ F and diarrhea for 3 days
b. A teenager with a sprained ankle and excessive edema
c. A middle−aged adult with abdominal pain who is moaning and holding her stomach
C
d. An older adult with nausea and vomiting for 3 days with blood pressure 112/60
ANSWER: A
LE
The infant should be seen first. An infant’s proportion of total body water (70% to 80% total
body weight) is greater than that of children or adults. Infants and young children have greater
water needs and immature kidneys. They are at greater risk for extracellular volume deficit and
ST
hypernatremia because body water loss is proportionately greater per kilogram of weight. A
teenager with excessive edema from a sprained ankle can wait. A middle−aged adult moaning in
pain can wait as can an older adult with a blood pressure of 112/60.
BE
2. Magnesium is absorbed by what system of the body?
A. GI
B. Hepatic
C. Renal
D. Lymphatic
ANSWER: A
3. Chemotherapy patient has gained 5 pounds in 2 days. Which assessment question by
the nurse is most appropriate?
a. <Are you following any weight loss program?=
b. <How many calories a day do you consume?=
c. <Do you have dry mouth or feel thirsty?=
d. <How many times a day do you urinate?=
ANSWER: D
A rapid gain in weight usually indicates extracellular volume (ECV) excess if the person began
1
, lOMoAR cPSD| 20569176
BESTLEC SGHDJSAKHSJDHADKHSDHDAKJ
with normal ECV. Asking the patient about urination habits will help determine whether the
body is trying to excrete the excess fluid or if renal dysfunction is contributing to ECV excess.
This is too rapid a weight gain to be dietary; it is fluid retention. Asking about following a weight
loss program will not help determine the cause of the problem. Caloric intake does not account
for rapid weight changes. Dry mouth and thirst accompany ECV deficit, which would be
associated with rapid weight loss.
4. A patient has dehydration. While planning care, the nurse considers that the majority of
the patient’s total water volume exists in with compartment?
a. Intracellular
b. Extracellular
c. Intravascular
d. Transcellular
ANSWER: A
Intracellular (inside the cells) fluid accounts for approximately two thirds of total body water.
C
Extracellular (outside the cells) is approximately one third of the total body water. Intravascular
fluid (liquid portion of the blood) and transcellular fluid are two major divisions of the
LE
extracellular compartment.
5. The nurse is teaching about the process of passively moving water from an area of
lower particle concentration to an area of higher particle concentration. Which process is
ST
the nursedescribing?
a. Osmosis
b. Filtration
c. Diffusion
BE
d. Active transport
ANSWER: A
The process of moving water from an area of low particle concentration to an area of higher
particle concentration is known as osmosis. Filtration is mediated by fluid pressure from an area
of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure. Diffusion is passive movement of electrolytes or
other particles down the concentration gradient (from areas of higher concentration to areas of
lower concentration). Active transport requires energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) to move electrolytes across cell membranes against the concentration gradient (from areas
of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration).
6. A patient has a Magnesium level of 1.3 mg/dL. Which of the following is NOT a
sign or symptom of this condition?
A. Hypertension
B. Torsades de pointes
C. Positive Trousseau’s Sign
2
BESTLEC SGHDJSAKHSJDHADKHSDHDAKJ
A+
Fluids And Electrolytes Exam Practice Quiz. 100%
Verified Answers 2024/2025
Fluids and Electrolytes (100% Verified Questions and Answers)
1. Four patients arrive at the emergency department at the same time. Which patient will
the nurse see first?
a. An infant with temperature of 102.2˚ F and diarrhea for 3 days
b. A teenager with a sprained ankle and excessive edema
c. A middle−aged adult with abdominal pain who is moaning and holding her stomach
C
d. An older adult with nausea and vomiting for 3 days with blood pressure 112/60
ANSWER: A
LE
The infant should be seen first. An infant’s proportion of total body water (70% to 80% total
body weight) is greater than that of children or adults. Infants and young children have greater
water needs and immature kidneys. They are at greater risk for extracellular volume deficit and
ST
hypernatremia because body water loss is proportionately greater per kilogram of weight. A
teenager with excessive edema from a sprained ankle can wait. A middle−aged adult moaning in
pain can wait as can an older adult with a blood pressure of 112/60.
BE
2. Magnesium is absorbed by what system of the body?
A. GI
B. Hepatic
C. Renal
D. Lymphatic
ANSWER: A
3. Chemotherapy patient has gained 5 pounds in 2 days. Which assessment question by
the nurse is most appropriate?
a. <Are you following any weight loss program?=
b. <How many calories a day do you consume?=
c. <Do you have dry mouth or feel thirsty?=
d. <How many times a day do you urinate?=
ANSWER: D
A rapid gain in weight usually indicates extracellular volume (ECV) excess if the person began
1
, lOMoAR cPSD| 20569176
BESTLEC SGHDJSAKHSJDHADKHSDHDAKJ
with normal ECV. Asking the patient about urination habits will help determine whether the
body is trying to excrete the excess fluid or if renal dysfunction is contributing to ECV excess.
This is too rapid a weight gain to be dietary; it is fluid retention. Asking about following a weight
loss program will not help determine the cause of the problem. Caloric intake does not account
for rapid weight changes. Dry mouth and thirst accompany ECV deficit, which would be
associated with rapid weight loss.
4. A patient has dehydration. While planning care, the nurse considers that the majority of
the patient’s total water volume exists in with compartment?
a. Intracellular
b. Extracellular
c. Intravascular
d. Transcellular
ANSWER: A
Intracellular (inside the cells) fluid accounts for approximately two thirds of total body water.
C
Extracellular (outside the cells) is approximately one third of the total body water. Intravascular
fluid (liquid portion of the blood) and transcellular fluid are two major divisions of the
LE
extracellular compartment.
5. The nurse is teaching about the process of passively moving water from an area of
lower particle concentration to an area of higher particle concentration. Which process is
ST
the nursedescribing?
a. Osmosis
b. Filtration
c. Diffusion
BE
d. Active transport
ANSWER: A
The process of moving water from an area of low particle concentration to an area of higher
particle concentration is known as osmosis. Filtration is mediated by fluid pressure from an area
of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure. Diffusion is passive movement of electrolytes or
other particles down the concentration gradient (from areas of higher concentration to areas of
lower concentration). Active transport requires energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) to move electrolytes across cell membranes against the concentration gradient (from areas
of lower concentration to areas of higher concentration).
6. A patient has a Magnesium level of 1.3 mg/dL. Which of the following is NOT a
sign or symptom of this condition?
A. Hypertension
B. Torsades de pointes
C. Positive Trousseau’s Sign
2
