MMBIO 221 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+
GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek
Lens maker, wouldn't show anyone his methods so it took us a century to catch up to
what he did. Father of microscopy
Redi's experiment
Father of scientific method. Did an experiment and declared that flies come from flies,
not old meat. Declared no spontaneous generation for macroscopic things.
Carolus Linnaeus
Developed system for naming plants and animals, grouping similar organisms together
(taxonomic system)
Whittaker's 5 Kingdoms
Animalia, Fungi, Plantae, Protista, Monera
Aristotle
Proposed spontaneous generation (living things can arise from nonliving matter given
water)
Needham's experiments
Mid 1700s, people didn't think that animals could arise spontaneously but microbes
could. His experiment with meat gravy seemed to support this theory.
Spallanzani's experiments
Showed that Needham was wrong, because microorganisms exist in the air and can
contaminate experiments
Pasteur's experiments
Used a new type of glassware with a curvy flask that kept the infusion sterile, keeping
the dust separate. Microbes were grown when it came in contact with dust. This
scientist developed the germ theory of disease, invented the rabies vaccine, and is
considered the Father of Microbiology.
Fracastoro
Before germ theory of disease (1546), he said that direct contact, fomites, and distance
in the air and water spread disease. No one really believed him.
Robert Koch
Studied causative agents of disease (anthrax, cholera, colonies on agar and petri
plates). Father of microbiological laboratory. Postulates: There is something that is in a
diseased person that is not in a healthy person. Reisolate the agent from the person,
proves that specific bacteria cause the disease (know how this works).
Semmelweis
Really pushed hand washing, he noticed that the doctors and nurses delivering babies
were spreading childbed fever because they weren't washing their hands. People didn't
believe his theory at the time.
Lister
Founder of antiseptic surgery, would clean his tools with antiseptic technique.
Nightingale
GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek
Lens maker, wouldn't show anyone his methods so it took us a century to catch up to
what he did. Father of microscopy
Redi's experiment
Father of scientific method. Did an experiment and declared that flies come from flies,
not old meat. Declared no spontaneous generation for macroscopic things.
Carolus Linnaeus
Developed system for naming plants and animals, grouping similar organisms together
(taxonomic system)
Whittaker's 5 Kingdoms
Animalia, Fungi, Plantae, Protista, Monera
Aristotle
Proposed spontaneous generation (living things can arise from nonliving matter given
water)
Needham's experiments
Mid 1700s, people didn't think that animals could arise spontaneously but microbes
could. His experiment with meat gravy seemed to support this theory.
Spallanzani's experiments
Showed that Needham was wrong, because microorganisms exist in the air and can
contaminate experiments
Pasteur's experiments
Used a new type of glassware with a curvy flask that kept the infusion sterile, keeping
the dust separate. Microbes were grown when it came in contact with dust. This
scientist developed the germ theory of disease, invented the rabies vaccine, and is
considered the Father of Microbiology.
Fracastoro
Before germ theory of disease (1546), he said that direct contact, fomites, and distance
in the air and water spread disease. No one really believed him.
Robert Koch
Studied causative agents of disease (anthrax, cholera, colonies on agar and petri
plates). Father of microbiological laboratory. Postulates: There is something that is in a
diseased person that is not in a healthy person. Reisolate the agent from the person,
proves that specific bacteria cause the disease (know how this works).
Semmelweis
Really pushed hand washing, he noticed that the doctors and nurses delivering babies
were spreading childbed fever because they weren't washing their hands. People didn't
believe his theory at the time.
Lister
Founder of antiseptic surgery, would clean his tools with antiseptic technique.
Nightingale
