MMBIO 221 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+
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Helper T cells
Activate macrophages, B cells and T cells.
Cytotoxic T cells
A type of lymphocyte that kills infected body cells and cancer cells
Regulatory T cells
moderate immune response
cytokines
Chemicals released by the immune system communicate with other leukocytes
clonal deletion
Eliminating B and T cells that are directed against self
the difference between disinfectants and antiseptics
Antiseptics can be used on living tissue
factors that affect a disinfectant's activity
Contact time, temperature, pH, Bioburden, types of microbes, extraneous matter, proper
exposure, disinfectant concentration
what 3 organisms are used in the AOAC Use-Dilution test?
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Salmonella choleraesuis
The difference between ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation
- Ionizing: gamma rays and x-rays. Create ions by ejecting electrons from atoms they
strike. Double stranded breaks in DNA
- Nonionizing: UV light. Affects structure of proteins and nucleic acids
For what purpose are Anderson Samplers used?
- Sampling the concentration of airborne microorganisms
Best agent for antimicrobial handwash
4% chlorhexidine
Best agent for semi-critical instrument disinfection
peracetic acid-based products and 2-3% gluteraldehyde
Best agent for counter top or other small surface disinfection?
70-80% ethanol
Best agent for sterilization of heat-labile plastics (petri dishes)
gamma irradiation
Anti-tuberculosis drugs that inhibits cell wall synthesis
isoniazid
Commonly combined with trimethoprim; inhibits dihydrofolate synthesis
- Sulfa drugs
A beta-lactam antibiotics with 1, 2, or 3 sites that can be chemically modified
amoxicillin
The first antibiotic used in human
penicillin
GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
Helper T cells
Activate macrophages, B cells and T cells.
Cytotoxic T cells
A type of lymphocyte that kills infected body cells and cancer cells
Regulatory T cells
moderate immune response
cytokines
Chemicals released by the immune system communicate with other leukocytes
clonal deletion
Eliminating B and T cells that are directed against self
the difference between disinfectants and antiseptics
Antiseptics can be used on living tissue
factors that affect a disinfectant's activity
Contact time, temperature, pH, Bioburden, types of microbes, extraneous matter, proper
exposure, disinfectant concentration
what 3 organisms are used in the AOAC Use-Dilution test?
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Salmonella choleraesuis
The difference between ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation
- Ionizing: gamma rays and x-rays. Create ions by ejecting electrons from atoms they
strike. Double stranded breaks in DNA
- Nonionizing: UV light. Affects structure of proteins and nucleic acids
For what purpose are Anderson Samplers used?
- Sampling the concentration of airborne microorganisms
Best agent for antimicrobial handwash
4% chlorhexidine
Best agent for semi-critical instrument disinfection
peracetic acid-based products and 2-3% gluteraldehyde
Best agent for counter top or other small surface disinfection?
70-80% ethanol
Best agent for sterilization of heat-labile plastics (petri dishes)
gamma irradiation
Anti-tuberculosis drugs that inhibits cell wall synthesis
isoniazid
Commonly combined with trimethoprim; inhibits dihydrofolate synthesis
- Sulfa drugs
A beta-lactam antibiotics with 1, 2, or 3 sites that can be chemically modified
amoxicillin
The first antibiotic used in human
penicillin
