MMBIO 221 TEST QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+
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6 The difference between ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation
(the shorter the wavelength, the higher the energy)
Ionizing: can move/disrupt electrons, destroys all types of bonds (hydrogen...), x rays,
gamma rays, sterilize
Nonionizing: lower energy, UV light, thymine dimers, cannot move/disrupt electrons
7 For what purposes are Anderson Samplers used?
BFE Test = bacterial filtration efficiency test
The current best agents for each application below:
9 Antimicrobial hand wash
4% chlorhexidine
The current best agents for each application below:
10 Semi-critical instrument disinfection
peracetic acid OR H2O2 based agent
The current best agents for each application below:
11 Counter top or other small surface disinfection
70%-80% ethanol
The current best agents for each application below:
12 Antimicrobial in mop water for large areas like floors
substituted phenols
The current best agents for each application below:
13 Sterilization of heat-labile plastics (Petri dishes)
gamma irradiation
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
15 Anti-tuberculosis drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
Isoniazid
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
16 Commonly combined with trimethoprim; inhibits dihydrofolate synthesis
combine with trimethoprim, Sulfanilamide
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
17 Beta-lactam antibiotics with 1, 2, and 3 sites that can be
Cephalosporin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
18 Examples of aminoglycosides; mechanism of action; why must they be given
by injection?
Streptomycin, binds 30s ribosomal subunit, reason for why: we need high concentration
to work
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
19 The first antibiotic used in humans; first antimicrobials used in humans
penicillin
, What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
20 Examples of macrolides; mechanism of action?
erythromycin, mechanism: binding 50s ribosomal subunit
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
21 Antibiotic that disrupts nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting bacterial DNA
gyrase
quinolone
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
22 A polypeptide antibiotic found in topical ointments; kills group A strep
bacitracin, seen in neosporin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
23 A polyene antifungal agent that disrupts membrane permeability
amphotericin B
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
24 Causes the side effects: "black hairy tongue" and grey stain of permanent
teeth while forming
metronidazole
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
25 A quinolone that inhibits prokaryotic DNA gyrase?
not just bacteria, can also affect other prokaryotics: Liprofloxacin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
26 Inhibits DNA-directed RNA polymerase; used to treat tuberculosis
RNA inhibitor: rifampin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
27 The most commonly used and produced class of antibiotics in the world
Cephalosporin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
28 Antiviral thymidine analog used to treat HIV infection
AZT
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
29 Antiviral agent used to treat herpes virus infections
acyclovir
30 Genus of bacteria that produces more useful antibiotics than any other
Streptomyces (why important? produces most antibiotics)
31 Two genera of fungi that produce many useful antibiotics
Penicillium
!! Cephalosporium !!
32 Types of lymphocytes
cells: T, B, Natural Killer cells
33 Leukocytes that are the major phagocytic cells
Macrophages, present on MHCI 1 and 2, garbage men: clean debris and antigen
presentation
34 Key protein molecules which constitute the kiss of death of a cytotoxic T cell
perforins and gramzymes = kiss of death
35 Differentiate between serum and plasma
GRADED. Buy Quality Materials!
6 The difference between ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation
(the shorter the wavelength, the higher the energy)
Ionizing: can move/disrupt electrons, destroys all types of bonds (hydrogen...), x rays,
gamma rays, sterilize
Nonionizing: lower energy, UV light, thymine dimers, cannot move/disrupt electrons
7 For what purposes are Anderson Samplers used?
BFE Test = bacterial filtration efficiency test
The current best agents for each application below:
9 Antimicrobial hand wash
4% chlorhexidine
The current best agents for each application below:
10 Semi-critical instrument disinfection
peracetic acid OR H2O2 based agent
The current best agents for each application below:
11 Counter top or other small surface disinfection
70%-80% ethanol
The current best agents for each application below:
12 Antimicrobial in mop water for large areas like floors
substituted phenols
The current best agents for each application below:
13 Sterilization of heat-labile plastics (Petri dishes)
gamma irradiation
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
15 Anti-tuberculosis drugs that inhibit cell wall synthesis
Isoniazid
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
16 Commonly combined with trimethoprim; inhibits dihydrofolate synthesis
combine with trimethoprim, Sulfanilamide
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
17 Beta-lactam antibiotics with 1, 2, and 3 sites that can be
Cephalosporin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
18 Examples of aminoglycosides; mechanism of action; why must they be given
by injection?
Streptomycin, binds 30s ribosomal subunit, reason for why: we need high concentration
to work
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
19 The first antibiotic used in humans; first antimicrobials used in humans
penicillin
, What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
20 Examples of macrolides; mechanism of action?
erythromycin, mechanism: binding 50s ribosomal subunit
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
21 Antibiotic that disrupts nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting bacterial DNA
gyrase
quinolone
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
22 A polypeptide antibiotic found in topical ointments; kills group A strep
bacitracin, seen in neosporin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
23 A polyene antifungal agent that disrupts membrane permeability
amphotericin B
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
24 Causes the side effects: "black hairy tongue" and grey stain of permanent
teeth while forming
metronidazole
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
25 A quinolone that inhibits prokaryotic DNA gyrase?
not just bacteria, can also affect other prokaryotics: Liprofloxacin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
26 Inhibits DNA-directed RNA polymerase; used to treat tuberculosis
RNA inhibitor: rifampin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
27 The most commonly used and produced class of antibiotics in the world
Cephalosporin
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
28 Antiviral thymidine analog used to treat HIV infection
AZT
What are the chemotherapeutic drugs with the following characteristics?
29 Antiviral agent used to treat herpes virus infections
acyclovir
30 Genus of bacteria that produces more useful antibiotics than any other
Streptomyces (why important? produces most antibiotics)
31 Two genera of fungi that produce many useful antibiotics
Penicillium
!! Cephalosporium !!
32 Types of lymphocytes
cells: T, B, Natural Killer cells
33 Leukocytes that are the major phagocytic cells
Macrophages, present on MHCI 1 and 2, garbage men: clean debris and antigen
presentation
34 Key protein molecules which constitute the kiss of death of a cytotoxic T cell
perforins and gramzymes = kiss of death
35 Differentiate between serum and plasma
